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CHAPTER-1
CROP PRODUCTION AND MANAGEMENT
1. Define crop.
2. List the conditions necessary to provide food for a large
population.
3. How are crops categorized based on the seasons.
4. Paddy cannot be grown in winter season. Give reason.
5. What are Agricultural practices?
6. What will happen if tilling is not done?
7. What is the advantage of using a cultivator?
8. What will happen if the farmers do not replenish the soil?
9. What is the advantage of using seed drill over traditional tools?
10. What are nursery fields?
11. What are the advantages of using manure?
12. Why does irrigation is more important for plants?
13. Why weeding is necessary?
14. What preventive measures should be taken while spraying
pesticide?
15. Name some festivals of India associated with harvest
season.
16. What is Animal Husbandry?
17. What will happen when harvested grains are stored without
drying?
18. A farmer uses dried neem leaves to store his grains in a
metallic container. Give reason.
19. What are combines?
20. What is fallowing?
HOTS:
21. Leguminous plants do not require nitrogenous fertilizers.
Give reason.
22. A farmer wanted to sow gram seeds in his field. He
collected seeds and put it in a container with water, some
seeds sank down and some seeds were floating. Which seeds he
will be selecting and why?
23. A farmer was growing only paddy in a particular field for 5
successive seasons. He found that the yield decreases every
time. Give reasons and how can his problem be solved?
24. A group of students conducted activity where they have
taken three glasses A, B and C with same amount of soil and
planted same sized seedlings. They added cow dung manure in
glass A, little urea in glass Band nothing in glass C.After one
week they found the seedlings in glass B has shown more growth
than A and C. Give reason for your observation.
25. Which irrigation method can be used to conserve water and
Why?
MULTIPLE TYPE QUESTIONS
26. Bacteria which fix up nitrogen in leguminous plants is
a. Lactobacillus
b. Rhizobium
c. Azatobacter
d. Nitrosomonas
27. Cod liver oil which we get from fish is rich in
a. Vitamin A
b. Vitamin C
c. Vitamin D
d. VitaminB
28. The tool used for leveling the field for sowing and irrigation
purpose is
a. Plough
b. Hoe
c. Leveler
d. Cultivator
29. Kharif crops are grown from
a. October to march
b. June to September
c. January to April
30. The process where the nutrients held in dead organisms are
released back by
a. Fermentation
b. Decomposition.
c. Digestion
Chapter 2 MICROORGANISMS: FRIEND AND FOE
1. Why microorganisms are called so?
2. What are the major groups of microorganisms?
3. Name a microbe which can be seen with a magnifying glass.
4. How do virus different from other microorganisms?
5. Name some disease caused by virus.
6. Where do microorganisms live?
7. Name the bacterium which promotes the formation of curd.
8. What is Biotechnology?
9. What are antibiotics?
10. How do antibodies protect our body?
11. What is pasteurization? What is the purpose of doing it?
12. Why are blue-green algae used as fertilizers?
13. What do yeast produce during fermentation process?
14. Why antibiotics have no effect on viruses?
15. Name two nitrogen fixing algae.
16. What will happen if yeast is not added to the maida flour
for making bread?
17. Name some food substances contain natural sugars.
18. What are the two groups of organisms of fungi?
19. What are carriers of disease?
20. What will happen if water gets collected anywhere in the
neighborhood?
HOTS:
21. Why are children/infants given vaccination?
22. What will happen if spoilt food is consumed?
23. During pasteurization the boiled milk is suddenly chilled and
stored. Why?
24. How does the concentration of nitrogen remains constant
always in the atmosphere?
25. What will happen if there is no decomposition of waste?
26. We encounter with the microorganisms everyday through
the food we eat, water we drink and the air we breathe, but we
don’t get disease always. Give reasons.
27. The process of conversion of sugar into alcohol is known as
a. Fermentation
b. Respiration
c. Pasteurization
28. Anthrax is a dangerous human and cattle disease caused by
a. Bacterium
b. Virus
c. Algae
d. Protozoa
29. Foot and mouth disease of cattle is caused by
a. Algae
b. Protozoa
c. Virus
30. The carrier of malaria causing protozoan is
a. Female Anopheles mosquito
b. Cockroach
c. Housefly
d. Butterfly
31. The bread or idli dough rises because of
a. Heat
b. Grinding
c. Kneading
d. Growth of yeast cells
32. Identify the microorganisms and mention their role in our
daily life.
33. Describe some important landmarks in the study of
microorganisms.
34. Give some of the common plant disease caused by microorganisms
and their mode of transmission.
35. Explain the different methods of food preservation.
36. What are the modes of transmission of disease by
microorganisms?
37. How does respiration different from fermentation?
CHAPTER-3
SYNTHETIC FIBRES AND PLASTICS
1. What are polymers? Give an example of natural polymer.
2. Give examples of synthetic fibres.
3. Mention the characteristics of polyester.
4. Name a fibre which is silk like but man made.
5. Which fibre is made from coal, air and water?
6. What is PET?
7. Give some characteristics of plastics.
8. Give two reasons for using synthetic fibres than natural fibres.
9. What is PVC? What are its uses?
10. What is blended fabric? Why it is more comfortable to
wear blended than fabrics from pure synthetic fibres?
11. What are Biodegradable and Non biodegradable
substances?
12. Give some advantages of plastic material like polythene over
natural materials.
13. What are Petrochemicals?
14. Name the components of Polycot, Polywool and terry cot.
15. How does plastic is useful in the field of medicine?
16. What are fire-proof plastics?
17. What will happen when polythene bags are thrown here and
there?
18. How can we become fibre-wise?
19. What is 4R principle?
20. Why is it not advisable to wear polyester clothes while
working in the kitchen?(HOTS)
21. What will happen when thermoplastics are used for making
electrical switches?(HOTS)
22. What nature of plastics is used for making them as good
storage containers of chemicals?(HOTS)
23. What is acrylic? What are its advantages?
24. The recyclable material is
a. Carry bags
b. Electrical switches
c. Cooker handles
25. Melamine is a type of
a. Polythene
b. Thermoplastics
c. Thermosetting
26. The property of plastic which leads to plastic of any shape
a. Recyclable
b. Reusable
c. Moldable
27. The synthetic fibre used for making parachutes and ropes
for climbing
A) Rayon
B) Nylon
c) Acrylic
28. What property of Bakelite is used for making them electrical
switches and
handles of various utensils? (HOTS)
29. What are the disadvantages of using plastics?
30. How can we reduce the pollution caused by plastics?
ANSWER THE FOLLOWING QUESTIONS :
1) Which is the most abundant metal and non-metal in the
earth’s crust?
2) You are provided with
a) Aluminium wire
b) Iron nail
c) Pencil lead
3) Aluminium foils are used to wrap food items. Give reasons.
4) All metals are hard in nature. Do you agree to this statement?
5) Classify the following as metals and non-metals
gold, carbon, sodium, sulphur, oxygen, iron
6) Metals are hard to cut except two metals. Name them.
7) Except one all metals are solid. Name the metal and
its state of existence?
8) What do you mean by ductility? Which substances
show this property?
9) The ringing of bells in temples are made of metal. Why?
10) If you put one end of the rod of a metal in hot water,
you feel at the other end. What does it mean?
11) Which of the following metals is the best conductor?
of heat and electricity?
12) Aluminium metal is widely used for making household
utensils and electric wires. What do you infer?
13) Your mother feels more comfortable to use a vessel
with plastic handle or wooden handle for cooking. why?
battery
Fe piece Sulphur
14) Answer the following questions:
i. Bulb glows in both the circuits.
Can we say iron nail is a good conductor of electricity?
15) It is better to store lemon pickle in a glass
container instead of Al utensil. Explain.
16) The cut face of sodium has a metallic lusture. But
after sometime the metallic lusture disappears.
17) What happens when a strip of Mg ribbon burns in
air? Write the chemical equation involved in it ?
18) Sodium
is dropped into a beaker containing water. You are asked to move
away from the beaker. At times a small flame is also produced.
Discuss.
19) Take a copper nail or plate and place it in a beaker
containing iron sulphate. After 10 min take out the
strip of copper and examine it carefully. Record
your observations. Give reasons.
20) Explain why
i) sodium does not occur in the free state
ii) Gold is found in the free state
iii) Copper is used for electrical wiring.
21) Why do some metals replace the other metals from their
solutions?
22) Silver does not combine easily with oxygen b but silver jewellery
tarnishes after some time. Why?
23) Compare the properties of metals and non-metals with respect to
malleability, ductility and conductivity.
24) Explain
i) Mgo is basic in nature and
ii) So2 is acidic in nature.
25) A substance was burnt in air. The white residue obtained was
added to water. This water solution turned red litmus blue. State
whether the substance is a metal or a non-metal? (HOTS)
26)
CuSo4
What do you observe?
27) Name a metal that replaces silver from AgNo3 solution. Give its
equation and reason also.
28) Why is tincture iodine applied on wounds?
29) Aluminum vessels loose its shine very soon after use. Why?
30) What happens when
Zn + Hcl.
Cu + Hcl.
Cu + H2So4
FeSo4 + Zn
31) Give reasons for the following
i) Iron sheets are galvanized before use.
ii) Graphite is used as an electrode in the dry cell.
iii) Silver is used in making mirrors.
iv) Aluminium is used to make electrical wires.
v) Iron is used in constructing bridges and houses.
32) Charcoal on burning gives out the gas. The evolved gas is
collected in a test tube.
i) How will you find the nature of the gas?
ii) Write down word equations of all the reactions taking place in
the process.(HOTS).
Question and answers
1. Define natural resources.
2. Can we use all our natural resources forever?
3. What is meant by i) Exhaustible and ii) Inexhaustible natural
resources.
4. Explain the fossil fuel.
5. How coal is formed?
6. What is meant by carbonization?
7. Can you differentiate between coke and coal?
8. What do you mean by destructive distillation?
9. Name the petroleum product used for laying roads instead of coal
tar?
10. Expand LPG.
11. List the uses of LPG.
12. You are in need of good fuel. What are the characteristics of
good fuel?
13. Name the different constituents of petroleum.
14. We prefer to use LPG and CNG as fuels. Why? (HOTS)
15. Fossils fuels are exhaustible natural resources. Do you agree?
(HOTS)
16. Explain the process of formation of petroleum.
17. List the characteristics and the uses of coke.
18. Coke is mainly used in the extraction of many metals. Can you
guess why it is used? (HOTS)
19. What are hydrocarbons? Give one example.
20. You are provided with large quantities of dead organism. Can you
prepare cola or petroleum or Natural gas in the laboratory?
21. Define the term petroleum refining.
22. How would you demonstrate the process of destructive
distillation of coal in the laboratory?
23. Discuss the process of formation of petroleum.
24. Our country is facing “fuel crisis”. It is essential to save every
drop of petrol. As a student what are the different tips that you
can suggest for the saving of petrol and diesel.(HOTS)
25. Name the different places in India where natural gas has been
formed.
26. List the uses of petroleum products.
COMBUSTION AND FLAME
QUESTIONS (OPEN ENDED):-
1) What is the difference between the burning of a candle and the
burning of a fuel like coal?
2) A matchstick does not catch fire on its own at room
temperature. Why?
3) Ram has made two paper cups by folding a sheet of paper. He
poured 50 ml of water in one of the cups and heated both the
cups separately with a candle.
a) What happens to the empty paper cup when it is heated?
b) What happens to the paper cup with water?
c) Does water in this cup becomes hot?
4) Can you list out the names of some inflammable substances?
5) Does your city/town have a fire brigade station? Find out the
telephone number of the fire service in your area.
6) When a fire brigade arrives at the accident spot what does he
do?
7) carbon-di-oxide is the best fire extinguisher. Give reason.
8) In what form is LPG stored in cylinder?
9) Water is not used to control fires involving electrical equipment.
Give reason.
10) Why LPG a better domestic fuel than wood?
11) What is the unit in which the calorific value of a fuel is
expressed?
12) Ravi and Sita were doing an experiment in which water was to
be heated in a beaker .Ravi kept the beaker near the wick in the
yellow part of the candle. Sita kept the beaker in the outermost
part of the flame. Whose water will get heated in a shorter time?
13) It is difficult to burn a heap of green leaves but dry leaves
catch easily. Why?
14) Can the process of rusting be called combustion?
15) What are the criteria you would consider when trying to
categorise something as a good fuel?
16) It is dangerous to burn coal in a closed room. Why?
17) There is global warning on global warming. Which gas
concentration leads to this problem?
CHAPTER-7
CONSERVATION OF PLANTS AND ANIMALS
1. What are national parks?
2. What are wildlife sanctuaries?
3. What are Biosphere Reserves?
4. What is the purpose of making National parks, Sanctuaries and
Biosphere Reserves?
5. How does deforestation reduce rainfall on the one hand and
leads to floods on the other?(HOTS)
6. What is desertification?
7. What is flora and fauna?
8. What are Endemic species?
9. What is project Tiger?
10. What is the difference between zoo and a wildlife
sanctuary?
11. What are endangered animals?
12. What is an ecosystem?
13. What are the purposes for which the trees are cut in the
forest?
14. List down the consequences of deforestation.
15. What will happen when rainfall decreases?
16. Animal life is also affected by deforestation. How?(HOTS)
17. Define Species.
18. Mention some flora and fauna of Pachmarhi Biosphere
Reserve.
19. Why is Reforestation important?
20. What do you understand by the term migration?
21. Why should we conserve Biodiversity?(HOTS)
22. What is Red Data Book?
23. What will happen if the top layer of soil is exposed?(HOTS)
24. Kaziranga National Park is an reserved area for
1. Rhinoceros
2. Lion
3. Tiger
4. Elephant
25. Biosphere Reserves are areas meant for conservation of
1. Forest
2. Water
3. Biodiversity
4. Soil
26 Species of plants and animals which are found exclusively in
a particular
Area
Extinct animal
Endemic animal
Endangered animal
27. The places where killing and capturing of animals is strictly
prohibited
Sanctuaries
Forests
Biosphere Reserves
National Parks
28. The plants and animals found in a particular area are
Species
Wild animals
Flora and Fauna
29. Sometimes animals enter into human habitation killing people
and causing
Damage to materials. Why do the animals behave like this?
(HOTS)
30. Why animals become extinct? (HOTS)
CHAPTER-8
CELL STRUCTURE AND FUNCTIONS
MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS
1) Structural and functional unit of life ……………. a) cell b)plant c) animal d) man
2) The term cell was coined by……………… a) Robert hook b) leeuvan hock c) Fleming d) Alexander
3) Human body has …………. Number of cells a) trillion b) billion c) million d) thousands
4) The starting point in making of a muliticellular organisms is ………….
a) sperm b) ovum c) fertilized egg d) hen
5) the process which increases the number of cells in living organisms is …………..
a) cell division b) photosynthesis c) excretion d) digestion
6) The shape of amoeba is …………. a) spherical b) oval c) ever changing d) circular
7) Bricks make the buildings, ………… make the organisms a) stones b) cement c) cells d) muscles
8) Robert hook called the partitioned empty boxes in the cork As …………….
a) wood b) bark c) cell d) organ
9) Study of detailed structure of cell was possible after the
invention of …………
a) cell b) microscope c) light d) energy
10) The smallest living cell is ………..
a) yeast b) bacteria c) amoeba d) paramecium
11) The plant cells are green in colour because of ……….
a) plastids b) melanin c) keratin d) haemoglobin
12) The chemical molecule which determines the characters of
organisms is …………….
a) NaCl b) CO c) DNA d) HCl
13) A cell with a definite nucleus and membrane bound
organelles is called as ………….
a) prokaryotic b) virus c) eukaryotic d) plant cell
14) The life giving substance present in the cell is ………..
a) protoplasm b) cell wall c) cilia d) protein
OPEN ENDED QUESTIONS
1) Do plant cell need a cell wall? Justify your answer
2) If nucleus is not there, what would happen to the cell?
3) Name one prominent character which distinguishes living
things and non-living things?
4) Scientists are engaged in making a living cell- discuss the
result?
5) Brick and cell are one and the same interpret the sentence?
6) Rat and elephant are having same number of cells interpret
the sentence?
7) Amoeba can attain the shape of paramaecium . Can
paramaecium attain the shape of amoeba explain?
8) What would happen if amoeba does not change its shape?
9) You are given a permanent slide of a cell. By looking through
the microscope how do you identify it as a plant cell or a
animal cell
10) Do plant cell need a very large vacuole? Justify your
Answer
11) What would happen if the size of each human cell is
similar to the size of ostrich’s egg?
12) Do plant cells need a cell wall? Justify your answer
HOTS
1) A coloured substance is added to onion peel while preparing
a temporary mount, why?
2) A single cell can perform all the functions of life, why do
we need many cells?
3) Write two points of differences between tissue and organ?
4) What advantage does WBC in humans derive by changing
their shapes?
5) Circle the salient features of plant cell
6) Can a leaf of a plant be of different colour and can they do
photosynthesis?
7) Define inheritance. What is actually passed on from
parents to young ones?
8) Cell is considered as structural and functional unit of life.
Justify the statement
9) How are new cells formed on the earth?
10) In what way the number of cells related to the size of
the organisms?
11) WBC’s in humans are called as amoebocytes why?
12) Shape of cells related to their function. Explain with
an example?
13) Temporary mount of onion peel reveals three
prominent structures name them.
14)
(A) (b)
identify the living cell .state the features
15) Identify which one is amoeba and how?
Chapter- 9
REPRODUCTION
Multiple choice questions
1) The life process essential for continuation of life on earth
is ………
a) digestion b) reproduction c) respiration d) excretion
2) Male part of flower is called as ……….
a) pistil b) stamen c) calyx d) corolla
3) The female part of the flower is called as ………..
a) pistil b) stamen c) calyx d) corolla
4) The male gamete in plants is called as …………
a) pollen b) ovule c) stamen d) ovary
5) The female gamete in plants is called as …………
a) pollen b) ovule c) stamen d) ovary
6) Fertilised egg in animal is called as …………..
a) Zygote b) egg c) sperm d) ovum
7) The process of fusion of male gamete with the female
gamete is called as ………….
a) nucleus b) Zygote c) fertilisation d) hybridization
8) The other name of oviduct is ………….
a) Fallopian tube b) egg tube c) Bladder d) ovary
9) The muscular bag where the Zygote develops is called as
…………
a) uterus b) testis c) ovary d) sperm
10) Egg shell of a hen can be compared to the ………of
frog’s egg
a) jelly b) yolk c) nucleus d) ovum
11) In hen the development of the embryo takes place
In……….
a) body b) uterus c) ovary d) egg
12) The first animal born by cloning was ……….
a) Male b) dolly c) horse d) man
14) The gamete which is capable of movement is
Called……….
a) sperm b) ovum c) nerve cell d) blood
OPEN ENDED QUESTIONS
1) What will happen if there is no reproduction on earth?
2) Zygote is the beginning of a new individual. Justify your answer
3) Can a baby grow in a test tube? Explain
4) Human baby resembles man, but the tadpole does not resemble.
Give reasons?
5) What will happen if a man can reproduce by budding?
6) Do we need to clone humans? Discuss the pros and cons
7) Can an organism live successfully without producing its own kind?
8) Is it necessary for the sperm to move?
9) Tadpole is a young one of a frog. Justify your answer
10) Human male gamete has a tail but female gamete does not
why?
11) Which is advantageous, internal fertilization or external
fertilization. Justify your answer
12) Women born without a uterus, can she give birth to a baby?
Explain
13) Which is the important part of a sperm? Why?
HOTS
1) Why human egg is small but that of hen’s is large?
2) The young one resembles both the parent. Justify your
statement?
3) Why fishes and frogs produce enormous number of gametes?
4) Explain the term OVOVIVIPAROUS, with an example?
5) Do we always require two individual for reproduction?
6) Can we make exact copies of us? How?
7) Is it necessary for sperm to move?
8) In which part of human female reproductive system,
fertilization takes place?
9) How could a single cell become a young one with trillion cells?
10) Do we also undergo metamorphosis ? explain
11) Discuss the advantages of asexual reproduction?
12) Discuss the advantages of sexual reproduction?
13) Why testes in mammals are kept outside the body?
14) State the advantage of cloning?
15) How many sperms can enter into the human egg?
16) Why is it essential for the sperm to fuse with the egg?
17) Give two examples of Zygote and foetus
18) Human sperm or ovum is a single cell. Justify your answer?
19) State one main difference between human cheek cell and
sperm
CHAPTER-10
Reaching the age of adolescence
MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS
1) The period of life when the body undergoes changes leading to
reproduction maturity is called…………………….
a) Childhood b) adolescence c) adulthood d) growing
2) Onset of puberty in human female is marked by…………….
a) Menstruation b) menopause c)chromosome d) sex determination
3) On set of production of sperm in man is called as………….
a) Puberty b) menarche c) menopause d) estrogen
4) The most conspicuous change during puberty is ………..
a) Height b) colour c) shape d) weight
5) The ductless gland which secret hormones are called as ………….
Glands
a) Endocrine b) exocrine c) tubular d) branched
6) The secretion of endocrine glands are called……………….
a) Hormones b) enzymes c) proteins d) fats
7) Hormones reach the target organs through………….
a) Water b) acid c) blood d) salt
8) The gland which does both exocrine and endocrine functions
is ………………
a) Pituitary b) liver c) pancreas d) adrenal
9) The protruding larynx in man is referred as…………….
a) Adam’s apple b) goiter c) syrinx d) neck
10) The stoppage of menstruation in human female is called
as……………
a) Menarche b) menopause c) puberty d) death
11) The stage of human life in which thinking capacity of brain is
maximum at…………………..
a) Childhood b) adult hood c) adolescence d) old age
12) The drastic changes in the human body during adolescence
are controlled by………………….
a) Hormones b) fats c) enzymes d) proteins
13) The sex hormone responsible for maleness in humans is………
a) Estrogen b) adrenaline c) progesterone d) testrosterone
14) The sex hormone responsible for femaleness in humans
is………
a)Estrogen b) adrenaline c) progesterone d) testrosterone
15) The master endocrine gland is ……………..
a) Pituitary b) thyroid c) pancreases d) testis
16) The total number of chromosomes in a human cell is………..
a) 43 b) 64 c) 23 pairs d) 76
17) Sex chromosome in female is……………..
a) Xy b) xx c) xo d) yo
18) Sex chromosome in male is………………
a) Xy b) xx c) xo d) yo
19) AIDS is caused by………
a) LMV b) TMV c) HIV d) CLR
20) The mineral which is very much essential for the formation of
thyroxin is ……………
a) Iron b) iodine c) copper d) zinc
OPEN ENDED QUESTIONS
1) Can the environment influence the height of the person? Justify
your answer
2) Can the growth of a human be disproportionate? Give reasons
3) Do we need to consume iron? Give reasons
4) Can a mother determine the sex of an unborn baby? Give reasons
5) Can we blame god for giving a female child? Give reasons
6) What will happen if we inject estrogen into a boy of 10 years old?
7) What will happen if we inject testosterone into a girl of 10 years
old?
HOTS
1) Why can humans reproduce after a certain age?
2) Do all the baby parts grow in the same rate during puberty? Give
reasons
3) Why should an adolescent eat balanced food?
4) Why do adolescent feel independent than before?
5) Why many adolescents get acne or pimples on their face during
puberty?
6) Why pituitary gland called is a master endocrine gland?
7) Why adolescents are easy victims to drugs?
8) Testis and ovary are endocrine glands. Justify your statement
9) Who is determining the sex of a baby? How?
10) Why the tadpoles in a particular pond only increases in their size
but do not change into frog?
11) Can we classify AIDS as communicable disease? Give reasons?
CHAPTER-11
QUESTIONS FOR ASSESSMENT
FORCE AND PRESSURE
1.Identify when the velocity of the ball changes and also the agent
supplying the force in each case.
2.State the effect of force in each of the following cases.
� brakes are applied to a moving car
� a football lying on the ground is kicked
� a small piece of copper sheet is hammered to make thin foil
� a spring is stretched by a force
3.If a number of forces acts on a stationary body at the same point
then what do you conclude from it?
4.What type of forces act on a rubber ball when it is pressed
between two hands?what effect does it produce?
5.Classify the following into contact and action at a distance force.
6.When you apply force on the pedals of your cycle it moves.the
speed of the cycle depends upon the extent of the applied force.as
long as you pedal the cycle continues to run.stop pedaling.what
happens.
7.How to find the forces acting on the rope are balanced or
unbalanced?
8.What do you understand by the term force from the following
diagrams?
9.What kind of force is applied?
10.Find the direction of motion of an object when force is applied or
acting on?
11.Identify the contact and action-at-a-distance force and also
observe the change taking place when force acts on the object.
12.What has happened to an object when force is applied?
13.What will happen to an object
� 1)if both of them apply some amount of force in same direction
� 2)if both of them apply equal amount of force in opposite
direction
� 3)if both of them apply unequal amount of force in opposite
direction
14.What is the effect of force on a moving object when it is applied
in the same direction?
15.How are pressure calculated?
16.When does the pressure become more and less?
17.How can you verify that pressure of liquid at any one depth is the
same?
18.In what way pressure in liquids changes with depth?
19.Does the pressure in liquids act in all the direction?
20.Why the dam wall is built thicker at the bottom than the top?
21.Why does the bigger ball have more gravity pulling on it? Because
it weighs more? Which causes which?
22.When you drop a small rubber ball and a large rubber ball
simultaneously, why do they both hit the floor at the same time?
23.When an egg falls and hits the table, the table pushes up on it,
doesn't it? The same with a bouncing ball?
24.Ask your friend to roll a ball towards you on a smooth surface.As
it rolls towards you,push it in some direction.Where does the ball go?
For Self Evaluation The wheel of a bicycle performs __________ motion.
When the football player hits the ball, its speed will _________ . When you throw a ball upwards, its speed will __________ . Give two examples of objects changing their speed while in motion. What happens to the speed of your bicycle when you pedal faster? What happens to the speed of your bicycle when you apply brakes to it? A train moves with a speed of 120Km/hr. What is the distance travelled by it in 1 minute? A snail moves a distance of 3 metres in 300 seconds. What is the speedof the snail? The distance between the staff room and your class room in your school is 40 metres. If your teacher takes 80 seconds to come to your class, find out his/her speed. A body moves 10 metres in 10 seconds. Further it moves 50 metres in 50 seconds. Find the speed in both the cases. Is the motion uniform or non-uniform? _____________ force makes a rolling body stop. To collect the iron dusts from the floor ________ force is used.
The unit of force is ____________. ___________ force is used by the elephants in lifting heavy logs of wood. What are the effects of forces? Name the types of forces. Which force is responsible for raising our body hair when we try to take off a polyester shirt on a dry weather? Give two examples of muscular force. Choose the correct answer. (i) The force involved in the falling leaf from a tree is (a) magnetic force (b) electric force (c) gravitational force (d) muscular force (ii) The force which is responsible for wearing out of a bicycle tyre is (a) magnetic force (b) electric force (c) gravitational force (d) frictional force Why does the shape of a tooth paste tube change when we squeeze it? Give two examples from your daily life where force changes the shape of the object. What happens to the spring of a sofa when you sit on it?
To stop the bicycle or car, we have to apply the brake. Which force acts? Name the two forces which act on the bodies in contact. The gravitational force on the moon is less than that on the Earth. Why? Name any two objects available in your house that are attracted by a magnet. Which pole of a magnet will repel the south pole of another magnet? Which force is used in cranes in the harbour to lift heavy load? Give examples of each of the following. (a) A force exerted on something which starts it moving. (b) A force exerted on something which stops it moving. (c) A frictional force exerted by gas. (d) A gravitational force on a moving body. (e) An electric force. Name the types of forces involved in the following : (a) A magnetic door catcher (b) A person lifting the weight (c) Balloons moving away from each other after they are rubbed against a nylon. Farm tractors have wheels with large, wide tyres. Why?
Suggest one reason why football players have studs on their boots. You can carry a suitcase comfortably by the handle. But if you have no handle and you tie the case with string, why is it very painful carrying the case with your hand through the string? What is called pressure? What is the unit of pressure? Name the device used to measure the pressure. A boy has a mass of 50 kg. The gravitational field exerts a force of 10 newtons on each kilogram. If the total area of his shoes in contact with the ground is 100 cm2. What is the pressure exerted on the ground?. Name the device used to measure the atmospheric pressure. People going to places of high altitude experiences bleeding through nose.Why?
CHAPTER-12
QUESTIONS FOR ASSESSMENT
FRICTION
1.What is friction?
2.Is friction a contact or an action-at-a-distance force?
3.Why a ball rolled on the ground stops after some time?
4.A ball is rolled on a frictionless surface and no other force acts on
it.Will the speed decrease,increase or remain unchanged?
5.Why do we generally sprinkle a little talcum powder on a carom
board,pour oil on moving parts of machine?
6.Why is it more difficult to pull a boat on the beach than on the
sea?
7.Why are the tyres of automobiles or sole of sleepers made
corrugated and rough
8.Why is friction a necessity?
9.Why is friction considered wasteful?
10.How can friction be reduced?
11.How does a lubricant help in reducing friction?
12.What do you conclude from the following diagram based on the
distance travelled by same object in different nature of surfaces?
13.How will you determine the force of friction of an object using
spring balance?
14.What is the role of friction in the following examples of match
stick with match box and rubbing of hands?
15.What is the necessity of using oil in the machinery parts of a bicycle? 16.It is difficult to walk on the highly polished floor. Give the reason. 17.State whether the following statements are true or false.
a)force of friction is not self adjusting
b)friction is a necessary evil
c)it is not difficult to write on a glazed paper
d)friction reduces the efficiency of machines
e)friction between the road and the surface of the tyre permits safe
driving
f)tyres of automobiles are made rough to increase friction
g)friction generates heat.
CHAPTER-13
QUESTIONS FOR ASSESSMENT
SOUND
1.What will be frequency of sound for audible and inaudible to human
ear?
2.How can you classify noise from musical sound?
3.In what way the loudness of sound is related to its amplitude of
vibration?
4.What is unit of intensity or loudness of sound?
5.State the condition for the sound to have a lower and higher
pitch.Give example.
6.Why police personals prefer to use dogs for the investigation?
7.What is frequency? How is it expressed?
8.How the amplitude of vibration is measured interms of
displacement of an object?
9.Can you hear the ringtone of a mobile when it is kept in a vacuum
container or room? Why?
10.What is supersonic speed?
11.How does the dolphins and whales communicate the warning calls
underwater?
12.How do you verify that the body which are vibrating produces
sound?
13.“Sound is produced by the object only during vibration” Explain
with suitable activity.
14.Can the sound travel through liquids?
15.How are human beings producing sound?
16.How do we hear the sound?
17.Explain the formation of vibration from the sound.
18.How roar of a lion can be differentiated from buzzing of a
mosquito?
19.Bats can ascertain distances,directions,nature and size of
obstacles without eyes.How?
20.Explosions on other planets are not heard on earth.Why?
21.Can two astronauts talk on the surface of moon as they do on
earth?Why?
22.Why are the window panes of houses sometimes cracked when a
bomb explodes even at a large distance?
23.Give suitable examples for the transmission of sound in
Solids,liquids and in gases
24.Describe an experiment which shows that sound is transmitted
through material medium.
25.Is there sound in space? If so, what is the speed of sound there?
26.What are the harmful effects of Noise Pollution? Suggest certain
measures to reduce the noise pollution?
CHAPTER-14
QUESTIONS FOR ASSESSMENT
CHEMICAL EFFECTS OF CURRENT
1.What do you observe in the bulb when the free ends of the wire is
immersed in a vessal filled with 1)distilled water 2)salt solution
3)with air?
2.How does the potato help in identifying the positive terminal of
the battery or a cell?
3.Magnetic compass shows deflection when some magnetic field is
generated/developed/produced nearby.In such a case what will be
the deflection of the magnetic needle when 1)more current 2)less
current flows?
4.In what way does the conductors differ from insulators?
5.Electrical appliances should never be handled with wet hands or
standing on a wet floor.Why?
6.What are LED’s? Which lead will be connected to connected to the
negative terminal of the battery or a cell?
7.Observe the following circuit diagrams and state the reason for
the bulb glowing in figure (a) and not in figure (b)
8.What makes the water a good conductor of electricity?
9.Current flows through a conducting solution.What are the changes
observable?
10.What is known as electroplating?
11.Why is electroplating preferred?
12.Why are the cans of tin used for storing food coated on iron?
13.Explain with the help simple circuit diagram,how a metal copper is
coated on electrode?
14.State the essential condition for rusting?
CHAPTER NO.15
SOME NATURAL PHENOMENA
1. How many types of charges exist?
a. One b. Three c. Two d. Four
2. Who invented the lightning conductor?
a. Alexander Fleming b. Graham Bell
c. Benjamin Franklin d. Thomas Alva Edison
3. What device is used to protect building from lightning?
a. Crescograph
b. Anemometer
c. Lightning Conductor
d. Barometer
4. What scale is used to measure the magnitude of earthquake?
a. Richter b. Celsius c. Fahrenheit d. Kilogram
5. The magnitude of earthquakes that occurred at Bhuj and
Kashmir were
a. less than 4
b. less than 2
c. less than 6
d. Higher than 7
6. Name 2 natural phenomena which cause us heavy damage.
7. Why were the people of ancient times afraid of lightning?
8. What is lightning due to?
9. What was the discovery made by Ancient Greeks?
10. List two daily life examples where charges are produced.
11. What are charged objects?
12. How can you charge the following objects?
a. glass rod
b. Ebonite rod
13. How can we get the following charges?
a. Positive charge
b. Negative charge
14. What is the principle of an electroscope?
15. Distinguish static electricity from electric current.
16. Like charges _________ and unlike charges
____________each other.
17. What is an earthquake?
18. The weak zones where earthquakes occur are called
_____________ zones.
19. A lightning conductor provides a ______ ______ for the
transfer of charges to the ground.
20. The magnitudes of earthquakes lesser than ___________
on Richter scale does not cause severe damage.
21. What are the various causes for earth quakes?
22. Write any three harmful effects of an earthquake.
23. Name the three layers of the earth.
24. Suggest any 3 measures to protect ourselves from
lightning.
25. Label the parts of the following diagrams.
a.
b. Lightning conduc tor
c. Structure of the earth
26. Rearrange the steps in the formation of lightning in the
form of a flow chart.
Air become charged, accumulation of charges, movements of air
currents and water droplets, streaks of light and sound are
produced.
2
1
1
3
4
2
27. Construct a flow chart for the formation of earthquake by
rearranging the steps given below:-
a. The plates are in motion.
b. The earth’s crust is made up of plates.
c. This disturbance forms an earthquake.
d. Sometimes one plate goes under another and causes a
disturbance.
OPEN ENDED QUESTIONS
1. How do two different charges interact with one another?
2. Lightning and thunder occur together. Which one is identified
first? Why?
3. A green coloured wire is seen in electric cables. Why is this
wire connected to earth?
HOTS
1. a. What would happen if two balloons rubbed with wool are
brought together?
b. What would happen if a balloon rubbed with wool is brought
near a ball pen refill rubbed with polythene? Give reasons in
support of your answer.
2. What would happen to the leaves of an electroscope when a
charged object is placed on its metallic head?
CHAPTER 16 - LIGHT
1. The ray which strikes a surface is called
(a) reflected ray, (B) incident ray, (C) normal, (D) perpendicular
ray.
2. The ray which comes from the surface after reflection is called
(A) incident ray, (B) reflected ray, (C) normal, (D) parallel ray.
3. The angle made by the normal with reflecting surface is
(a) 90o, (b) 180o, (c) 45o, (d) 120o.
4. The corresponding angle of reflection when angle of incidence is
30o will be
(a) 45o,(b) 30 o, (c) 60 o (d) 120 o.
5. Lateral inversion is formed in images formed by (a) concave
mirror, (b) convex mirror, (c) plane mirror, (d) double convex
mirror.
6. Which of the following part controls the size of the pupil
(a) cornea (b) iris (c) ciliary muscle, (d) optic nerve.
7. What is called reflection?
8. Write the laws of reflection.
9. Distinguish between regular reflection and diffused reflection?
10. How can you get multiple images?
11. What is called lateral inversion?
12. Write the characteristics of image formed by a plane
mirror.
13. Which one of the following represents regular reflection &
14. Irregular reflection? (a)
(b)
15. What is the transparent front part of eye called?
16. Name the two types of cells present in our retina? What
are they sensitive to?
17. What is blind spot?
18. Define dispersion.
19. The impression of image is persistent on the retina for
(a) 1/10, (b) 1/12, (c) 1/16, (d) 1/8 of a second.
20. In old age the eye lens become cloudy. This defect is called
(a) Short sight, (b) long sight, (c) cataract, (d) myopia.
21. What steps would you take to protect your eyes?
22. Name the system used by visually challenged people for
learning.
23. Label the parts of the following diagram.
24. The comfortable distance at which one can read with
normal eye is
(a) 20cm, (b) 25cm, (c) 35cm, (d) 50cm.
OPEN ENDED QUESTIONS
1. What enables us to see things around us?
2. What care would you take to keep your eyes in good condition?
3. What happens to your image
(a) When you go towards a plane mirror?
(b) When you move away from a plane mirror?
HOTS
1. The angle between incident ray and the mirror is 60o. What
would be the angle of reflection?
2. In a kaleidoscope various patterns are seen. What is the
principle involved in this?
3. What is the angle between the plane mirrors in
(a) periscope
(b) kaleidoscope
A
B
C
D
E
F
4. We are unable to see the objects in a room for some time when
we enter the room from an open ground?
5. A toy is placed between two parallel mirrors. How many images
will be seen?
CHAPTER 17
STARS & THE SOLR SYSTEM
Question bank
1. Which is the smallest planet of the solar system?
2. Which is the nearest planet from the sun?
3. The planet which is called red planet is: a. Saturn ,b. mars ,c.
Venus ,d. Neptune
4. The star which appears stationary is: a. Sirius ,b. pole star ,c.
andromeda ,d. Orion
5. A group which forms definite pattern is called: a. comet b.
constellation c. meteor d. meteoroid
6. What are celestial bodies?
7. What are known as phases of moon?
8. Why does moon show different phases?
9. Identify the following constellations
10. How would you locate pole star?
11. What is an orbit?
12. Which is the nearest star to us?
13. What is a satellite?
14. What makes the earth a special planet?
15. Why does earth appears blue-green from the space?
16. Name the inert planets
17. Name one outer planet.
18. What are asteroids?
19. Distinguish between a meteor and meteorite.
20. Match the items in column A with column B
COLUMN A COLUMN B
Halley’s Comet Natural satellite
Moon Appears once in 76 yrs
Kalpana I Morning star Saturn
Artificial satellite Venus
Has beautiful rings
Polestar
21. Draw a neat diagram of Ursa major , Orion
22. How are artificial satellites different from natural
satellites?
23. Name some artificial satellites launched by India.
24. Write the applications of artificial satellites.
HOTS QUESTIONS
1. Moon cannot be used for communication. Why?
2. What is the tail of comet due to?
OPEN ENDED
1. On what days during a month can you see more stars in the sky?
Give reasons.
2. What keeps the planets move around the sun in their orbits?
CHAPTER – 18
POLLUTION OF AIR AND WATER
1. On the basis of your experience, compare the quality of air at the
place given below :-
a. A park and a busy road.
b. A residential area and an industrial area.
c. A busy traffic intersection at different times of the day.
d. A village and a town.
2. How does air get polluted?
3. What is Smog?
4. Ozone layer protects us from harmful ultra violet rays of the sun.
Name the pollutant that damages the Ozone layer of the
atmosphere.
5. Marble cancer – Comment
6. The automobiles should switch over to unleaded petrol in the Taj
Zone give reason.
7. Name some gases that contribute towards global warming.
8. The Gangotri Glacier in the Himalayas has started melting why?
9. Ganga action plan launched in 1985, What does it aim at?
10. What will happen if we drink polluted water?
11. Which chemicals released in water leads to toxicity in animals and
plants?
12. What do you mean by “Potable water?
13. Name the Indian River which is considered as one of the ten most
polluted river in world by WWF?
14. Mention few industries that discharge harmful chemicals into
rivers and streams causing the pollution of water?
15. What are the different ways in which water get contaminated?
MCQ
1. Gas mainly responsible for green house effect is
a. Carbon dioxide b. Carbon monoxide
c. Nitrogen d. Oxygen
2. Trapping of un escapable radiations of sun in earth’s environment
is called.
a. Global warming b. Green house emission
c. Green house effect d. both b and c
3. The disease that is caused due to contamination of water
a. Lung disorder b. rabies
c. Malaria d. Cholera
4. Corrosion of marble is also called
a. Marble disorder b. Marble erosion
c. Marble Cancer d. Marvelous
5. A poisonous gas emitted by mathura refinery and other industries
in and around the Taj Mahal which cause acid rain is
a. Carbon monoxide b. Methane
c. Sulphur dioxide d. Oxygen
6. The Taj Mahal is being affected due to
a. Air Pollution b. Water pollution
c. Noise pollution d. Both a and b
7. One of the most polluted ten rivers in the world is
a. Cauvery b. Ganga
c. Krishna d. Godawari
8. Which of the following is a Green house gas
a. Carbon monoxide b. Carbon dioxide
c. Oxygen d. Hydrogen
9. Van Mahotsav is celebrated every year in the month of
a. June b. July
c. April d. May
10. Kyoto Protocol is an agreement connected with
a. Rain water harvesting b. Global Warming
c. Aforestation d. Pisiculture
HOT QUESTIONS :
1. Increased level of nutrients in the water affect he survival of
aquatic organisms - How?
Use of Nitrogenous fertilizers Concentration of it in water
bodies Algal bloom Depletion of Oxygen
lead to death of marine life.
2. Chlorine is used in water treatment plants – Give reasons.
Chlorine kills harmful germs present in water.