chapter 1 a new world

• How did the first inhabitants come to the New World?•Bering Strait to tip of S. America•Hunting and Gathering•Agriculture

• 3 sister farming (corn beans squash)

• What made early Native Americans easy to defeat?•Lack of technology

• Native American Religion• Everything has a spiritual component• Single creator

• Land and Property• All communal

• Gender Relations• Men: Hunters Women: Farming• Matrilineal • More rights then European women

• Women could not:•Own property•Control wages•Write wills•Divorce

• European Views of the Indians• Inferior• Uncivilized

• Why was this the perception?• Differences in land use, religion, gender relations

• Lack of European type government

Give Me Liberty!: An American history, 3rd EditionCopyright © 2011 W.W. Norton & Company

Map 1.3 The old world on the eve of Americancolonization, ca.1500

The Expansion of Europe

• Columbus in the New World• Italian sponsored by Spain• Headed west in search of faster route to India/China• “Indians”• Columbian Exchange

• Exploration and Conquest• Spanish

• Cortes and Pizarro• wealth and to spread religion• Indian Slaves (encomienda)• Mestizos

Columbian Exchange

• Spanish Florida• Spain in the Southwest

• Onate – Santa Fe, NM (1598)• The Pueblo Revolt (Pope’s Rebellion)

• Destroyed Spanish relics• Later reconquered


Map 1.5 A Spanish Conquests and Explorationsin The New World, 1500–1600

• French Colonization• New France (Canada)• Small Numbers

• New France and the Indians• Fur trade• Positive interactions with Natives• Negatives?

• The Dutch Empire•Samuel de Champlain•Henry Hudson

• New Amsterdam (NY) 1624


Map 1.6 The New World-New France andNew Netherland, ca. 1650

• Unifying the English Nation• Protestant Reformation• Anti-Catholic

• English Emigrants• Poor in VA and MD

• Indentured Servants• Labor in exchange for passage

• Liberty and Slavery• Abundance of land

• Englishmen and Indians• Land purchase, treaties and war

• The Transformation of Indian Life• Appreciation to Resentment

• Changes in the Land

• The Jamestown Colony (1607)• Virginia Company• In search of wealth• Early failure

• From Company to Society• House of Burgesses• 1619 first slaves

• Powhatan and Pocahantas• The Uprising of 1622

• Powhatan’s successor attacks settlers• Settlers retaliate

• The Maryland Experiment• Tobacco• Feudal

• Religion in Maryland• Catholic haven

• The Rise of Puritanism• Against religious authority in Anglican church• Calvinism - predestination

• Massachusetts Bay• John Winthrop• “City Upon a Hill”

• The Pilgrims at Plymouth• Mayflower: Mayflower Compact• Thanksgiving

• The Great Migration• Men & women• Wealth• Less indentured servitude

• Roger Williams - Rhode Island• The Trials of Anne Hutchinson

• Antinomianism

• Puritans and Indians• The Pequot War

• 500 Native American men, women and children killed• Led to expansion

• The New England Economy• The Merchant Elite• The Half-Way Covenant

• Allowed for church membership without conversion

• The Rights of Englishmen• Magna Carta 1215• All free men• Due process before imprisonment and seizure of property

chapter 1 a new world

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