changing state 3-25-11 - refrigeration supplies distributor · pdf file"changing...
TRANSCRIPT
The "Changing State"
of Refrigerants
4/8/2011
4/8/2011
NATE Course # 5397-0001
*** *** Reclaimed Reclaimed refrigerants not regulated but importing reclaimed refrigerants not regulated but importing reclaimed RR--22 22 requires EPA prerequires EPA pre--approval that includes a detailed history of the approval that includes a detailed history of the recovered refrigerantrecovered refrigerant
Existing Regulations - History•• Montreal Protocol Montreal Protocol A 1987 International Agreement to phase out Ozone Depleting A 1987 International Agreement to phase out Ozone Depleting SubstanceSubstance
•• US Clean Air Act US Clean Air Act Was amended in 1990 to adopt the requirements of the Montreal Was amended in 1990 to adopt the requirements of the Montreal Protocol Protocol
•• Mandated the rapid phaseMandated the rapid phase--out of CFC’s out of CFC’s
••Created a detailed phaseCreated a detailed phase--out schedule for HCFCsout schedule for HCFCs
•• Capped production and import rights on HCFCsCapped production and import rights on HCFCs
4/8/2011
Refrigerant Chemistry •CFC = Chlorofluorocarbon
��Rapid phaseRapid phase--outout
��Stopped U.S. production by 1996Stopped U.S. production by 1996
��RR--11, R11, R--12, R12, R--113, R113, R--114, R114, R--500, R500, R--502502
• HCFC = Hydrochlorofluorocarbon�� Slower, staged phaseSlower, staged phase--outout
�� Key dates 2001, 2003, 2010, 2015, 2020, 2030Key dates 2001, 2003, 2010, 2015, 2020, 2030
�� RR--22, R22, R--123, R123, R--124, R124, R--142b142b
�� RR--401a,b R401a,b R--402a,b, R402a,b, R--408a, R408a, R--409a, R409a, R--414b, R414b, R--416a416a
• HFC = Hydrofluorocarbon�� No U.S. phaseNo U.S. phase--out plannedout planned
�� RR--134a, R134a, R--143a, R143a, R--152, R152, R--125, R125, R--32, 32,
�� RR--404a, R404a, R--407a,c,f R407a,c,f R--410a, R422a,b,c,d R410a, R422a,b,c,d R--427a R427a R--507507……..……..
4/8/2011
0
50%
1999
2001
2003
2005
2007
2009
2011
2013
2015
2017
2019
2021Year
US HCFC R-22 Phase-Out Plan
R-22 Service Demand
2006 Residential HVAC, the largest user of R-22 adj usts to new efficiency requirements- 30% to 50+% more R-22 i s necessary per HVAC unit to meet target.
100%
2015 90% ReductionThey Estimate a 60M
pound shortfall based on projected service demand
13SEER
2010No New R-
22EquipmentAllowed
2003 US restricts R-22 Imports & Exports.
HCFC R-141b phased out
EU Phase-Out
EFFECTIVE 10-072010 Reduction was
amended from 65 to 75%
2020 No R22 Product.
2004 35% Reduction in R-22 production
and import
Effective 1-2011Annual 10% step-down
thru 2014
4/8/2011
The New Generation “Ozone Friendly“
Refrigerants
4/8/2011
Refrigerant Blend Basics
•Most all Refrigerant Blends are a mixture of some or all of the following components
•R-32 HFC
•R-125 HFC
•R-134a HFC
•R-143a HFC
•R-200 Series Hydro Carbon (Propane)
•R-600 Series Hydro Carbon (Butane)
•The mixture and percentage of each component varies depending on the blend and with (R290/R600) used solely to promote oil return in Mineral Oil systems
•Each manufacture has a vested position in one or more of the components and they Buy or Sell to each other as needed.
4/8/2011
Alphabet Soup HFC Style
Refrigerant AKA Manufacture
HFC Fluids Hydrocarbon Fluids
R32 R125 R134a R143a R277 R290 R600 R600a R601a
R-134a Multiple 100
R-404A FX70/HP62 Honeywell/Dupont 44 4 52
R-407A KLEA60 Ineos Fluor 20 40 40
R-407B KLEA61 Ineos Fluor 10 70 20
R-407C KLEA 66 SUVA 9000 Ineos Fluor 23 25 52
R-407D 15 15 70
R-407E 25 15 60
R-407F PERFORMAX LT Honeywell 30 30 40
R-410A AZ20 SUVA9100 Honeywell 50 50
R-410B 45 55
R-417A MO59 NU22 Dupont/ICOR 46.6 50 3.4
R-421A RMS of Georgia 58 42
R-422A MO79, One Shot Dupont/ICOR 85.1 11.5 3.4
R-422B NU-22b XAC1 ICOR 55 42 3
R-422C One Shot B XLT1 ICOR 82 15 3
R-422D MO29 Honeywell/Dupont 65.1 31.5 3.4
R-423A 39TC 52.5 47.5
R-424A RS-44 Ref. Services Inc 50.5 47 1.6 0.9
R-426A RS-24 Ref. Services Inc 5.1 93.1 1.3 0.6
R-427A FX100 Arkema 15 25 50 10
R-428A RS-52 Ref. Services Inc 77.5 20 0.6 1.9
R-434A RS-45 Ref. Services Inc 62.3 16 18 2.8
R-438A MO99 Dupont 8.5 45 44.2 1.7 0.6
R-507A AZ-50 Honeywell 50 50
4/8/2011
Primary OEM Replacements for R-22 in A/C
ProductPrimary
ApplicationLubricant
Segregation Potential
Retrofit
R-134a Chillers POE NoneNo
Must be R-134a equipment
R407cUnitary AC & Packaged Chillers
POE HighWidely used in Europe
in existing R22 equipment with POE
R410a Unitary AC POE Very LowNo
Must be R-410a equipment
4/8/2011
Medium Temperature R22 Replacement
Refrigerant AKACapacity
Relative to R22
Mass Flow Relative to
R22
Efficiency (cop) rel. to
R22Recommended Lubricant
IPCC Ver 4 GWP
R-404A FX70/HP62 102% 143% 91% POE 3900
R-407A KLEA60 103% 112% 96% POE 2012
R-407C KLEA 66 SUVA 9000 99% 99% 97% POE 1677
R-407F PERFORMAX LT 107% 110% 96% POE 1825
R-417A MO59 NU22 81% 106% 95% POE,AB Min 2300
R-421A 84% 117% 94% POE,AB Min 2600
R-422A MO79, One Shot 98% 163% 89% POE,AB Min 3100
R-422B NU-22b XAC1 85% 116% 94% POE,AB Min 2500
R-422C One Shot B XLT1 97% 157% 90% POE,AB Min 3100
R-422D MO29 89% 129% 92% POE,AB Min 2700
R-424A RS-44 82% 109% 95% POE,AB Min 2400
R-427A FX100 94% 100% 97% POE 2100
R-428A RS-52 104% 170% 88% POE,AB Min 3600
R-434A RS-45 96% 141% 91% POE,AB Min 3200
R-438A MO-99 90% 107% 96% POE,AB Min 2260
R-507 AZ-50 103% 150% 90% POE 3985
NIST Reference Fluid Thermodynamic and Transport Properties-REFPROP Version 8.0
Med Temperature Conditions +20f SST 105f SDT 20f Subcooling and 10f Superheat
General Rules:
Mass Flow +/- 30% Requires TXV Modification
POE, AB, Min Product Contain Hydrocarbon components that impact performance and efficiency
System type, Piping Design and use of Oil Separators will impact the actual performance
http://www.nist.gov/ts/msd/srd/nist23.cfm
404A
407A, 407C
407F, 417A
421A,422A,
422B, 422C,
422D,424A,
427A,428A,
434A,438A,
507A
404A, 407A
407C,407F
422A, 422C,
427A, 428A
434A, 438A
507A
90-100% cap match
Commercial Options
407A, 407C
407F,427A
No TXV Change
422A, 422C
428A, 434A
438A
No Oil
Change
R22 Replacements in Med Temp Applications*
422A = 3100
422C = 3100
428A = 2100
434A = 3200
438A = 2260
407A = 2012
407C = 1677
407F =1825
427A = 2100
GWP Values
4/8/2011
Low Temperature R22 Replacements
Refrigerant AKACapacity Relative
to R22
Mass Flow Relative to
R22Efficency (cop) rel. to R22
Recommended Lubricant
IPCC Ver 4 GWP
R-404A FX70/HP62 95% 143% 85% POE 3900
R-407A KLEA60 95% 105% 93% POE 2012
R-407C KLEA 66 SUVA 9000 91% 92% 95% POE 1677
R-407F 22LT 101% 102% 94% POE 1825
R-417A MO59 NU22 72% 99% 90% POE,AB Min 2300
R-421A Choice R-421A 74% 109% 89% POE,AB Min 2600
R-422A MO79, One Shot 89% 160% 82% POE,AB Min 3100
R-422B NU-22b XAC1 75% 108% 88% POE,AB Min 2500
R-422C One Shot B XLT1 87% 152% 83% POE,AB Min 3100
R-422D MO29 79% 123% 86% POE,AB Min 2700
R-424A RS-44 72% 102% 89% POE,AB Min 2400
R-427A FX100 86% 94% 94% POE 2100
R-428A RS-52 97% 170% 81% POE,AB Min 3600
R-434A RS-45 87% 137% 85% POE,AB Min 3200
R-438A MO-99 81% 100% 94% POE,AB Min 2260
R-507 AZ-50 97% 150% 85% POE 3985
NIST Reference Fluid Thermodynamic and Transport Properties-REFPROP Version 8.0
Low Temperature Conditions -20f SST 105f SDT 10f 95f liquid, 30 deg ent Comp 10f SH
General Rules:
Mass Flow +/- 30% Requires TXV Modification
POE, AB, Min Products Have Hydrocarbon components that impact performance & efficiency
System type, Piping Design and use of Oil Separators will impact the actual performance
404A, 407A
407C,407F
417A, 421A
422A, 422B
422C, 422A
424A 427A
424A, 428A
434A , 438A
507A
404A, 407A
407C, 407F
427A,428A
507A
90-100% cap match
Commercial Options
407A,407C
407F,427A
No TXV Change
428A
No Oil Change
R22 Replacements in Low Temp Applications*
GWP Values
407A = 2012
407C = 1677
407F= 1825
427A = 2100
428A = 3600
4/8/2011
R-422B• 75-85% Capacity to R22
• 108-116% mass flow
• Targeted at Med/High Temp Market
• Intended to separate ICOR from R-417a, MO59
• Potential no-oil-change product
4/8/2011
R-422D• 79-89% Capacity to R22
• 123-129% mass flow
• Targeted at Low/Med Temp Market
• Used Extensively by WM in 2008
• Potential no-oil Change Product
•AKA MO29
R-407A• 95 - 103% Cap of R22
• 105 – 112 % mass flow
• Targeted at Low/Med Temp Market
• GWP 2012
• Requires POE oil
R-407C• 99% Cap of R22
• 99% mass flow
• Targeted AC Market
• GWP 1677
• Requires POE oil
4/8/2011
R407F
Performax LT• 101-107% Capacity of R22
• 102-110% mass flow
• Targeted at Low/Med Temp Market
• Lowest GWP (1824)
• Some POE oil Generally Required.
4/8/2011
R-427a• 86-94% Capacity to R22
• 94-100% mass flow
• Targeted at Low/Med Temp Market
• Low GWP (2100)
• Requires a minimum % of POE
4/8/2011
R-438a• 81-90% Capacity of R22
• 100-107% mass flow
• Targeted at Low/Med Temp Market
• AKA MO99
• Marketed as Potential No-Oil Change Product.
• Some POE oil Generally Required.
Why all this talk about Oil ?• Proper Oil Return is a critical for any Refrigeration or AC System.
• Miscibility between the refrigerant and the oil ensures the lubricant stays where it belongs ( in the Crankcase).
• System design and operating temperature plays a key role
• If a system has oil return issues with R22, changing refrigerants will only make it more pronounced.
• Generally oils becomes trapped in the receiver, or is logged in the evaporator and low side piping. (Oil is harder to move at low temperature)
• Oil logging not only is bad for the compressor but can have a significant impact on the performance of the system.
• Oil acts as an insulator and inhibits heat transfer. An oil logged evaporator will act similar to an iced coil
More talk about Oil ?
• In the early days Multiple Oil Changes were recommended. “You must get +99% of the residual oil out”
• Most felt the change was necessary because the oils were not compatible. This was never the case.
• Some refrigerants claim to be no-oil-change solutions, but in most cases, system performance and compressor life are impacted.
• POE Oil is very Hydroscopic so Moisture Management is very important.
• A Vacuum Pump will not pull sufficient moisture from the system.
• Now it is widely agreed that only percentage of POE is required to ensure proper oil return.
4/8/2011
• POE lubricants readily absorb moisture.Minimize exposure of lubricant or the sealed system to the atmosphere
Use a pump to transfer lubricant - do not pour POE
Do not open to the system to atmosphere while under Vacuum
Break vacuum with R-410A or 2-3 psig dry nitrogen.
Don’t store POE oils in plastic containers. Use glass or metal only.
• A filter drier is required remove moisture from POE lubricant systemsA vacuum pump alone is not sufficient to remove moisture from POE.
• POE oils can cause skin irritation.Use gloves and use care when handling lubricant.
• POE oils can damage some membrane roofing materials. Surfaces should be protected if working on a rooftop
Servicing POE Oil Systems
Oil Return Testing
Performance – It all Depends ……….
80
85
90
95
100
105
110
115
60 80 105 120
% Capacity Relative to R22
Condenser Temperature ~ 20f above Ambient
Refrigeration Capacity +20 Evaporator
10f Superheat & Sub Cooling
R404a
R407a
R422a
R422d
R427a
R438a
Calorimeter Room Tests
Typically done a
4/8/2011
Pending Regulations• Now that the wheels in motion to phase out Ozone Depleting Substances, the focus has been turned to Global Warming and the products believed to be the root cause.
• GWP is a relative scale which compares the gas in question with carbon dioxide with a GWP of 1.
• Refrigerant Gases (CFC’s, HCFC’s and HFC’s) are known to have high Global Warm Potential (GWP) and are under review.
• There are a variety of domestic and international policies under consideration that will directly impact this issue and could have a dramatic impact on our industry.
•California Refrigerant Management Program IS NOW THE LAW
• Auto Makers are already planning to phase out R-134a in auto AC Europe in 2011, GM in 2013.
• Proposing a carbon tax on GWP gases is dead for now
4/8/2011
GWP of Current Generation Refrigerants
Refrigerant AKAIPCC Ver4 GWP
R-134a 1430
R-22 1700
R-407C KLEA 66 SUVA 9000 1677
R-407F Proformax LT 1825
R-407A KLEA60 2012
R-410A AZ20 SUVA9100 2100
R-427A FX100 2100
R-438A MO99 2260
R-417A MO59 NU22 2300
R-424A RS-44 2400
R-422B NU-22b XAC1 2500
R-421A 2600
R-422D MO29 2700
R-422A MO79, One Shot 3100
R-422C One Shot B XLT1 3100
R-434A RS-45 3200
R-428A RS-52 3600
R-404A FX70/HP62 3900
R-507A AZ 50 3985
Sept 2009
US, Canada, Mexico to Propose Phase-down of HFCs
In a unique North American partnership, the U.S., Canada, and Mexico have jointly proposed an amendment to the Montreal Protocol for debate at the November Meeting.
The amendment proposes capping HFC production and consumption in 2013 based on a 2004-2006 combined HCFC and HFC levels. ~ 400 MMT
Then reduce production by 85% in 2033.
This is Dead for Now
More Legislative Activity
4/8/2011
New RegulationsDecember 2009:
EPA Final Rule - HCFC R-22 Allocation
• Modified the phase out schedule for HCFC’s 2010-2014
� Adopted an annual step down of 10% per year
• Formalized Allocation Rights, for manufactures and importers.
�No allowance set aside for reclaimers (they were asking for 10%)
•Pre charged New Appliance and Component Rule
�What constitutes a new appliance vs a component
�What are the limitations.
Company Base YrAllocation
2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
Arkema 64.9 27.2 24.6 22.1 19.5 16.9
Dupont 85.3 35.7 32.6 29.1 25.6 22.2
Honeywell 77.8 32.6 29.5 26.5 23.4 20.3
Others 34.7 14.6 13.3 11.8 10.4 8.9
Total 263 110.2 100 89.7 79.1 68.5
ProjectedDemand
138 126 116 105 94
R22 Allocation Rights By Company (in million-lbs)
They expect the shortfall (27m) to be filled by reclaimed or retrofit product
Modified the Phase Out schedule & Allocation Rights for 2010-2014
New Regulations
4/8/2011
4/8/2011
New RegulationsPre charged New Appliance and Component Rule
• Appliance Rule
� Allows for the sale of factory-charged appliances manufactured prior to 1-1-2010.
� Does not prohibit the sale of pre-2010 inventories
� No post 1-1-2010 manufactured appliances can be charged with HCFC Refrigerants (Virgin or Reclaimed)
• Component Rule
� Allows for the sale of pre-charged components manufactured prior to 1-1-2010. (cond units, coils etc)
� Pre-charged components may be used in to service existing equipment, but cannot be assembled to create a new appliance, (unless reclaimed refrigerant is used)
4/8/2011
Nitrogen Charged Units
• Dry units are considered a component and can be charged with R22 in a replacement application.
• Installing a dry unit with a new Furnace A-coil is prohibited
4/8/2011
New RegulationsJanuary 2011:
California Refrigerant Management Program• Defined a HGWP (High Global Warming Potential) substance as any that has as GWP value greater than 150
• Defined System sizes
�Small = 50 to 200 lb charge
�Medium = 201 to 1999 lb charge
�Large = 2000 lb and greater
• Established Registration and Leak Monitoring requirement based on system size
4/8/2011
GWP of Current Generation Refrigerants
Refrigerant AKAIPCC Ver4 GWP
R-134a 1430
R-22 1700
R-407C KLEA 66 SUVA 9000 1677
R-407F Proformax LT 1825
R-407A KLEA60 2012
R-410A AZ20 SUVA9100 2100
R-427A FX100 2100
R-438A MO99 2260
R-417A MO59 NU22 2300
R-424A RS-44 2400
R-422B NU-22b XAC1 2500
R-421A 2600
R-422D MO29 2700
R-422A MO79, One Shot 3100
R-422C One Shot B XLT1 3100
R-434A RS-45 3200
R-428A RS-52 3600
R-404A FX70/HP62 3900
R-507A AZ 50 3985
4/8/2011
California Refrigerant Management Program
4/8/2011
California Refrigerant Management Program
4/8/2011
Continuous Leak Monitoring Change – CA Only
• The minimum Alarm threshold is now 100 ppm
• Most existing systems are set at 250 ppm
• Instantaneous infrared systems can be reprogrammed (Honeywell Analytics)
• Most sample draw systems cannot meet this requirement (CPC)
• 100 ppm Calibration gas will be available soon
4/8/2011
What’s NewSecondary Loop Systems
Advantages•Reduces up-front refrigerant costs and minimizes leak potential- Can use a variety of primary refrigerants
•Can use plastic, Vitaulic, or water grade pipe instead of refrigeration grade piping for a 20% to 40% cost savings
•Eliminates TXV’s and EPR’s at the case
• Limits on Effectiveness at Low Temperature
4/8/2011
What’s NewCO2 HFC Cascade Refrigeration System
4/8/2011
What’s on the HorizonHFO Refrigerants (Hydro-Fluoro-Olefins)
R-1234yf
• The Replacement R-134a in New automotive Model starting in 2011**Co2 is the other options with several limitations
• A Jointly developed by Honeywell and DuPont
• GWP rating = 4
• Very similar performance to R-134a - No Glide
• Honeywell has already commercialized R-1234ze which is a good LGWP 134a replacement in 1 component foams and aerosol applications.
• HFO’s may replace some of the current HFC Blend components, making the refrigerant GWP much lower
4/8/2011
What’s on the HorizonHFO Refrigerant Blends
4/8/2011
R-410a
4/8/2011
Patented by Honeywell (AlliedSignal) as AZ-20®
• A 50%/50% mixture of HFC-125 and HFC-32
• ASHRAE assigned number R-410A
• Other name you may hear:
� Cooleron – Sanyo
� Environ – Lennox
� ProZone = Rheem
� Puron = Carrier
• Every major air conditioning manufacturer in the U.S., Europe, and Japan now offers R-410A based equipment
• R-410A is for new systems, and is not to be use to retrofitting existing R-22 equipment
What is R410a ?
4/8/2011
•More efficient in residential a/c systems:About 5% greater efficiency than R-22
At least 10% greater efficiency than other replacements
• Lets OEMS design smaller systemsSmaller displacement compressor
Less coil and less refrigerant
• Acts like an Azeotrope (less than 0.3 deg glide)No meaningful change in composition during leak or recharge
Can be reclaimed
•Non-toxic Non-FlammableZero Ozone Depletion, A1 Rating
• Copeland scroll compressors designed for R-410A are;Quieter than R-22 compressors
More reliable then R-22 compressors
Why is R410a ?
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
350
400
1950's 1960's to 1990's 1996 and Beyond
4/8/2011
What about the Pressures
CFC: R-12
HCFC: R-22
HFC: R-410A
EvaporationEvaporation Pressure at 45Pressure at 45°°F & Condensing Pressure at 115F & Condensing Pressure at 115°°FF
Evap . Cond.Evap . Cond.Pressures
Evap . Cond.Pressures
• The Operating Pressures of R410a are about 60% higher than R-22
- About the same increase we saw when we converted from R-12 to R-22
• Although pressures are higher, compression ratio is the same.
- R-410A systems run slightly cooler than comparable R-22 systems due to the higher vapor heat capacity of the refrigerant.
• Fears about R-410A pressures understandable but exaggerated
- Over a million AC’s running on R-410A worldwide
- R-22 systems have not been shown to any more safe than R-410A
- Similar service practices required, both are dangerous when improperly handled
4/8/2011
Servicing and Safety•Always make sure equipment is designed for R-410a
• In general, R-410A is handled the same as R-22Requires different tools rated for the proper pressures
• All refrigerants are heavier than airWill displace oxygen and can lead to asphyxiation
• Mixtures of refrigerants and air can become combustible under pressureNever use mixtures of refrigerant and to leak testAlways use dry nitrogen or other inert gas instead of airNever braze on a system containing refrigerant
• All refrigerant cylinders can become over-pressurized in high-temperature conditions
Never allow refrigerant cylinders to exceed the 125°°°° F limit specified on the cylinders. (Same for all of our products)Never store cylinders unprotected in direct sunlight.
• MSDS sheets can be downloaded from www.genetron.com
4/8/2011
• Most R-410A systems use a polyol ester lubricant (POE)
• Check the equipment manufacturers’ instructions before adding or replacing lubricants
Not all POEs are interchangeable. Avoid mixing different grades or viscosities
• POE lubricants readily absorb moisture.Minimize exposure of lubricant or the sealed system to the atmosphere
Use a pump to transfer lubricant - do not pour POE
Do not open to the system to atmosphere while under Vacuum
Break vacuum with R-410A or 2-3 psig dry nitrogen.
Don’t store POE oils in plastic containers. Use glass or metal only.
• POE oils can cause skin irritation.Use gloves and use care when handling lubricant.
• POE oils can damage some membrane roofing materials. Surfaces should be protected if working on a rooftop
Servicing and Safety - Oil
4/8/2011
• You CANNOT retrofit an existing R-22 system to use R-410A
• You may be able to install a R410a condensing unit using the existing indoor coil
-Indoor coil must be UL approved for a minimum 235 pisg working pressure. appropriate design and service pressure ratings.
-Indoor coil listed for R-22 heat pump applications would meet that rating
-Capillary tube or pre-1980 coils are not rated for R410a
• The amount of residual mineral oil is generally low. However, oil must be removed from any traps in the line sets.
Servicing and Safety - Retrofit
4/8/2011
Servicing and Safety - Charging• Manifold gauge sets require a 800 psig high-side with a 250 psig low-side (550 psig low-side retard)
All current hoses are rated at 2000 psi minimum
• R410a systems can be charged using the same methods as R-22:Superheat method for fixed orifice systems orSub cooling for TXV systems
• All Blended refrigerants are to be charged in the liquid phaseR-410 has only a .3 f glide but standard blend practices are recommendedInvert cylinders to access liquid (no dip-tubes anymore).If topping-off a running system, use a throttling valve to restrict flow.
• Make sure the expansion device is designed for R-410A
• For typical 3/8-inch liquid line, long-length applications require an additional 0.5 oz. of refrigerant for each additional foot.
• Any excess refrigerant must be recovered. Intentional venting of refrigerant is prohibited by law.
4/8/2011
• All Liquid-line filter driers must have rated working pressures of no less than 600 psig.
• Filter drier must be approved for use with R-410A refrigerantCheck with system manufacturer for specific drier recommendation.
• The filter drier is required remove moisture from POE lubricant systems
A vacuum pump alone is not sufficient to remove moisture from POE.
•Always remove a filter drier from a system with a tubing cutter. Un-sweating the drier will introduce excess moisture and contaminants into the system.
Servicing and Safety – Driers
4/8/2011
Servicing and Safety – Recovery
• Venting of Refrigerant in Prohibited by Law
• Don’t mix R-22 and R-410A refrigerants when recovering
• Recovery cylinders require a 400 psig service pressure rating(DOT-4BA400 or DOT-4BW400)
• Recovery Cylinders must be re-certified every 5 years based on the date of manufacture. DOT-4BA cylinders can be recertified multiple times.
• Early Generation Cylinder with a DOT-E 10277 designation can only be used for a total of 10 years (Recertified once)
4/8/2011
Frequently Asked Questions• Will the high pressure of R-410A cause the compressor to draw more power and overheat?
- No. Both Suction and Discharge pressures are approximately 60% higher than R-22, resulting in similar compression ratios and power consumption. - Discharge temperatures will be slightly lower due to the higher vapor heat capacity of R-410A.
• If I have a leak in a R-410A system, do I need to remove the rest of the refrigerant before I recharge?
-No. Unlike some high glide blends, there is no significant change in the composition during multiple leaks and recharges. You can use or top-off the existing refrigerant with an additional liquid charge.
• Can I use R-410A to retrofit an existing R-22 system?
No. At minimum a new condensing unit is required. In many cases the indoor coil can be used along with the line set, although system efficiency will suffer.
4/8/2011
Frequently Asked Questions
• Will R-410A a/c systems operate in regions where the temperature can reach 125°°°°F ?
Yes, On R-410A you can expect condensing temperatures approximately 25f above ambient. The critical condensing temperature is ~ 163f.
• In high ambient conditions, Will R-410A systems produce less cooling than the comparable R-22 unit?
Yes, about 2.5% at 115° F. and 5% at 125f ambient.
• If the critical temperature is reached, will the refrigerant decompose?
No. The critical temperature is the upper boundary where there are both liquid and vapor phases present. Decomposition temperatures of HFCs are in excess of 400°F in the liquid phase.
