Changing Attitudes and Values

Chapter #6 - Section #3

A New Social Order Arises

The Industrial Revolution slowly changed the social order in the Western World.

For centuries, the two main classes were nobles and peasants and their relationship to the land.

With the spread of industry, a more complex social structure emerged.

Three Social Classes EmergeUpper Class Included rich business families. Wealthy entrepreneurs married into aristocratic families, gaining

the status of noble titles.

Middle Class Rising mid-level business people and professionals such as

doctors and scientists. Comfortable incomes allowed for a wide range of material goods. Lower-middle class = teachers, office workers struggled to keep

up with their “betters”

Lower Class 30% of the population were made up of workers and peasants

Middle-Class Tastes and Values The Middle-Class developed its own way of life. A strict code of etiquette governed social behavior.

- how to dress for every occasion

- how to give a dinner party

- how to pay a social call

- when to write letters

- how long to mourn for dead relatives

- parents strictly supervised their children

- children were to be”seen but not heard”

- social middle-class household was expected to have at least a cook and a housemaid.

The Ideal Home

By the late 1800s, most middle class families consisted of the husband going to work and the wife staying at home.

The cult of domesticity idealized women and the home. “Home sweet Home” sayings became popular.

The ideal woman was seen as a tender, self-sacrificing caregiver who provided a nest for her children and a peaceful refuge for her husband to escape from the hardships of the working world.

Lower class women worked in low paying garment factories and were responsible for taking care of all household duties.

Women’s Suffrage

Sojourner Truth Elizabeth Cady Stanton

Women Work for Rights Some individual women and women’s groups protested

restrictions on women. They sought a broad range of rights, such as fariness in

marriage, divorce and property laws.

Temperance Movement

Elizabeth Cady Stanton

Women’s suffrage

Sojourner Truth

Growth of Public Education Read pg 213 Answer the following:

1. What basic education did schools teach by the late 1800s?

2. What differences in education did boys and girls each have?

3. Why had colleges and universities changed their curriculum by the late 1800s?

Science Takes New Direction Researchers advanced startling theories about the natural

world. Their new ideas challenged long-held beliefs.

Atomic Theory develops 1. John Dalton…

2. Atoms…

3. Dmitri Mendeleyev…

Debating the Earth’s age 1. Charles Lyell…

2. The Earth…

3. Neanderthal bones…

Charles Darwin’s Theory of Natural Selection

1. Charles Darwin argued…

2. Natural Selection theory…

3. “Survival of the Fittest”…

Social Darwinism

And Racism

1. Social Darwinism applied…

2. Industrial tycoons…

3. Racism…