LESSON 14

Changes in Society and Culture

What is a society?

• A society, or a human society, is a group of people related to each other through persistent relations, or a large social grouping sharing the same geographical or virtual territory, subject to the same political authority and dominant cultural expectations

What is Culture?

• the quality in a person or society that arises from a concern for what is regarded as 

excellent in arts, letters, manners, scholarly

pursuits.

COLONIAL SOCIETY• SPANIARDS:• PENINSULARES (SPAIN)• INSULARES (COLONIES)• SPANIARD or CHINESE• MESTIZOS (NATIVE MOTHER)• FILIPINOS• INDIO• INFIDEL• MORO

ATTIRE:• Damian Domingo (Coleccion de trajes de

Manila y de las provincias) - Collection of costumes in Manila and the provinces

• FILIPINO WOMEN?• FILIPINO MEN?

• What is a “CAMISADENTRO”?

EDUCATION• Was controlled by the church.• Levels of education:• PRIMARY• SECONDARY• UNIVERSITY

SECONDARY LEVEL• COLEGIO (FOR BOYS)– 5 years and

needs to get a mark of either FAIR, GOOD, VERY GOOD, EXCELLENT in written and oral exams.

• SUBJECT MATTERS?• Bachiller en Artes (Bachelor of Arts)

• Spaniards, Spanish Mestizos and Chinese Mestizos studied in Colegio.

SECONDARY LEVEL• BEATERIO (FOR GIRLS)• SUBJECT MATTERS?

• Spaniards, Spanish Mestizos and Chinese Mestizos studied in Colegio.

UNIVERSITY• 1st 3 universities?

• Why were the Filipinos not allowed to attain higher level of educations such as the Colegio and University?

HEALTH CONDITIONS• HEADED BY THE CHURCH• 1st Hospital – “HOSPITAL DE SANTA ANA

de NATURALES” – established by Father JUAN _________.

• HERMANIDAD de SANTA MISERICORDIA (Brotherhood) led by Father Marcos ___________.

• SAN LAZARO HOSPITAL• Why was this hospital demolished?

HEALTH CONDITIONS• Franciscans were given “Hacienda

Mayhaligue”• Who were the ones caring for the sick?• ANS: Franciscans. Where they doctors?

• They learned different medical plants used by the Filipinos.

• Rice, corn, coconut etc.. (for rheumatism, toothache etc...)

• Discuss the part played by the Franciscans in improving health conditions during the Spanish period.

LITERATURE AND ART

• Literature and art were utilized by the Church in order to spread Christianity.

What are the 3 types of writings of the friars?

• Progress of mission work• Books and novenas• vocabularies

• Who are the ladinos?

• They were the ones who wrote prayer verses in a mixture of Spanish and Tagalog.

PRINTING

• Who is Tomas Pinpin?

• A Tagalog poet and considered to be the most famous Filipino involved in printing.

PASYON

• Is a poem that relates to the suffering of Christ.

• When a pasyon is read or sang it is called?

• What is a Cenaculo?

• Pabasa

Awit at Corrido

• What are these?

• Stories of love in the form of poems of kings and queens, princes and princesses.

• Who were the famous writers of this type of literature?

• Jose de la Cruz – Huseng Sisiw• Francisco Baltazar - Balagtas

COMEDIA

• A drama in the form of a poem• It is about love, life and war between

Muslim and Christian kingdoms.• 3-5 hours• Was also called moro-moro

MUSIC

• All about playing instruments such as:• Piano, Organ, Harp and Violin.

SCULPTURE

• What was the main purpose for having sculptures?

ARCHITECTURE

• What are the 3 types of structures?• CHURCH• FORT• BAHAY NA BATO

ARCHITECTURE

• Church – Who were the famous Filipinos and Chinese mestizos who made the Cebu cathedral?

ARCHITECTURE

• Fort – Served as placed to watch out for approaching enemies.

• Fort San Pedro in Cebu

ARCHITECTURE

• Fort Santiago in Manila

ARCHITECTURE

• Bahay na Bato – Large and made of strong materials.

BAHAY NA BATO CAPIZ SHELLS