Ch.21 A Turbulent Ch.21 A Turbulent DecadeDecade

Discuss the economic conditions Discuss the economic conditions after the war.after the war.

Explain the reaction to the new Explain the reaction to the new immigration.immigration.

BellringerBellringer

The war is over. What does this The war is over. What does this mean to Americans?mean to Americans?

Copy HWCopy HW

Read and outline p. 628-633Read and outline p. 628-633 QuestionsQuestions What did the Sacco and Vanzetti case What did the Sacco and Vanzetti case

show about the society at the time?show about the society at the time? Why did the US Senate reject the Why did the US Senate reject the

Treaty of Versailles?Treaty of Versailles? Why did the US enter WWI?Why did the US enter WWI? Discuss the significance of Discuss the significance of McCulloch McCulloch

v. Maryland?v. Maryland?

IntroIntro

Look at the Almanac on p. 618-619 – Look at the Almanac on p. 618-619 – Name one topic of interest from one Name one topic of interest from one of the categories….of the categories….

Postwar TroublesPostwar Troubles

DemobilizationDemobilizationShift from Wartime to peacetimeShift from Wartime to peacetimeRapid after WWI – 4 million soldiers Rapid after WWI – 4 million soldiers

returned to civilian life in a yearreturned to civilian life in a yearWomen had to relinquish jobsWomen had to relinquish jobsInflation skyrocketed (spending spree Inflation skyrocketed (spending spree

caused demand to outpace supply)caused demand to outpace supply)

1920-1921 Recession1920-1921 Recession

$2 billion in war contracts cancelled$2 billion in war contracts cancelled10%+ of labor force unemployed10%+ of labor force unemployedFarm CrisisFarm Crisis

Prices fellPrices fellDebt causes problemsDebt causes problems

Sound familiar?Sound familiar?

Labor StrifeLabor Strife

Management ignored labor demandsManagement ignored labor demands1919- 3600 strikes – 4 million 1919- 3600 strikes – 4 million

workersworkersSeattle General Strike (Feb. 1919)Seattle General Strike (Feb. 1919)

Shipyard workers demanded higher pay Shipyard workers demanded higher pay and shorter workdaysand shorter workdays

110 other unions joined110 other unions joined60K workers walked off jobs60K workers walked off jobsMayor blamed on bolsheviks and Mayor blamed on bolsheviks and

summoned policesummoned police

Strike ended after 5 daysStrike ended after 5 daysNo demands metNo demands metNegative publicity for labor unionsNegative publicity for labor unions

Boston Police Strike – unsuccessfulBoston Police Strike – unsuccessfulThe Steel Strike – 365 K workers The Steel Strike – 365 K workers

walked off jobs – walked off jobs – labeled immigrants as non- loyal labeled immigrants as non- loyal

AmericansAmericansBrought in AAs and Mex-Ams to workBrought in AAs and Mex-Ams to workUnsuccessfulUnsuccessful

THE RED SCARETHE RED SCARE

Anti-communist hysteria Anti-communist hysteria The Palmer Raids The Palmer Raids

1919- 36 bombs found in US mail1919- 36 bombs found in US mailAttorney General A. Mitchell Palmer’s Attorney General A. Mitchell Palmer’s

house bombed by an Italian anarchisthouse bombed by an Italian anarchistPalmer launched an anti-Red crusadePalmer launched an anti-Red crusadeJ. Edgar Hoover put in chargeJ. Edgar Hoover put in chargeRaids arrested thousands – most Raids arrested thousands – most

immigrantsimmigrants

Emma Goldman – jailed in 1917 for Emma Goldman – jailed in 1917 for opposing draftopposing draft

Author of Author of Mother EarthMother Earth1919- 1919- deported to Russiadeported to Russia

Sacco and VanzettiSacco and Vanzetti

Nicola Sacco and Bartolomeo Nicola Sacco and Bartolomeo Vanzetti tried for a payroll robbery Vanzetti tried for a payroll robbery and murder in Bostonand murder in Boston

Convicted and sentenced to deathConvicted and sentenced to deathOutcry –belief that they were found Outcry –belief that they were found

guilty due to their anarchist beliefs guilty due to their anarchist beliefs International appealInternational appealAug. 23, 1927 – electrocutedAug. 23, 1927 – electrocuted

Upton Sinclair and Upton Sinclair and BostonBoston On August 23, 1977 Governor Dukakis issued On August 23, 1977 Governor Dukakis issued

proclamation that said that they had been proclamation that said that they had been treated unjustly and "treated unjustly and "any disgrace should be any disgrace should be forever removed from their namesforever removed from their names." ."

ClosureClosure

What did the Sacco and Vanzetti What did the Sacco and Vanzetti case reveal about America in the case reveal about America in the 1920s?1920s?