1. Chapter 13: Leadership Across Cultures
Mike Perez, Cole Underwood & Sarah Torp

2. Objectives
Describe the basic philosophic foundation & styles of managerial leadership
Examine the attitudes of European managers toward leadership practices
Compare & Contrast leadership styles in Japan with those of the US
Review leadership approaches in China, the Middle East, and developing countries
Examine recent research & findings regarding leadership across cultures
Discuss the relationship of culture clusters & leader behavior on effective leadership practices, including increasing calls for more responsible global leadership
3. Foundation of Leadership
Leadership The process of influencing people to direct their efforts toward the achievement of some particular goal or goals.
BAM LEADERSHIP
What would you say is the difference between a leader and a manager? Similarities?
4. Leadership Foundations (Pg. 432)
5. Leadership in the International Context
How leaders in Europe attempt to direct or influence their subordinates? Are their approaches similar to those used in the United States?
6. Attitudes of European Managers
Capacity for leadership and initiative (Theory X vs. Theory Y)
Sharing information and objectives: general vs. detailed, completed instructions for subordinates.
Participation: leadership support for participative leadership
Internal control: leader control through external vs. internal means
7. Philosophical Background
A leadership theorist Douglas McGregor started a idea that eventually developed into the X,Y,Z Theories.
Theory X:A manager who believes that people are basically lazy and that coercion and threats of punishment often are necessary to get them to work.
Theory Y:A manager who believes that under the right conditions people not only will work hard but will seek increased responsibility and challenge.
Theory Z:A manager who believes that workers seek opportunities to participate in management and are motivated by teamwork and responsibility sharing.
8. Philosophical Background
What do you think is the most effective of these? Why?
Easy Process
9. Leadership Behaviors and Styles
Leaders behaviors can be translated into three different styles;
Authoritarian leadership
Paternalistic leadership
Participative leadership
Whos your leader?
10. Authoritarian Leadership
Authoritarian - use of work-centered behavior designed to ensure task accomplishment.
11. Paternalistic Leader
Paternalistic - use of work-centered behavior coupled with protective employee centered concern
12. Participative Leader
Participative - use of both work or task centered and people centered approaches to leading subordinates
Page 436 Figure 13-1
13. The Managerial grid is a useful visual to chart how leadership behaviors compare with one another.
Can you tell me which one of these points is an example of Participative, Paternalistic, or Authoritarian?
14. Leadership Across The Globe
15. Japan

Promotes high safety or security need

16. Use of participation 17. Leaders have confidence in the ability of their subordinates and use a style that allows their people to actively participate 18. Strong emphasis on ambiguous goals 19. Some believe its time consuming since most of the time subordinate are unsure what the leaders are asking of them & spend a great amount of time over preparing for a task