ch1 chem 09.notebook
TRANSCRIPT
Ch1 chem 09.notebook April 15, 2015
ChemistryBr
O
O
O
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needs: magnetspaperclips
Obtain a magnet and a few paper clips
Explore activity
Build a model that simulates electrons being held within an atom.Show that electrons closer to the nucleus will have less energy.
Also show that electrons farther from the nucleus have more energy to move and can easily be removed.
Chem
Ch1 sec. 1
Sec. 1 Ch 1 Objective:
Identify how electrons are arranged in an atom.
Draw a model of an atom show - electron cloud, protons, neutrons, electrons, nucleus.perspective: If the nucleus of the atom were the size of a penny the electrons would be smaller than a grain of dust and the electron cloud would extend as far as 20 football fields.
Date ________________
pg.9
element pure substance made of one
type of atom .
atom smallest part of an element and still
keep its identity
compounds two or more different atoms in chemical combination
molecule is the smallest part of a compound or atoms joined together.
charge
neutral
# of protons = # of electrons in a neutral atom.
Energy levels - different positions electrons tend to be in, in the electron cloud.
The atomic # = the number of protons in an atom
Understanding the Periodic Table
Ch1 chem 09.notebook April 15, 2015
B. Nucleus 1. contains protons and neutrons
a. protons positively charged particles in the atom
b. neutrons have neutral charge.c. nucleus, thus has a positive charge d. the size of the nucleus determines
the mass of the atom.
A. General structure of atoms pg. 91. Each element has a different atomic
structure with a specific number of protons, neutrons, and electrons
2. The number of protons and electrons is always the same for a neutral atom.
B. Electron Cloud1. contains electrons of the atom held in
differnt energy levelsa. energy levels pg. 10
1. each energy level can hold a specific number of electrons.
2. the farther away the level is from the nucleus the more electrons it can hold.
3. electrons in the level closest to the nucleus have the lowest amount of energy
4. farther from the nucleus electrons have more energy
and more easily move.
Atomic Energy LevelsDiagram in book
Each energy level can hold a given number of electrons
level closest to nucleus - energy level 1- 2 electrons
level 2 - 8 electronslevel 3 - 18 electrons
level 4 - 32
Electrons in the level closest to the nucleus have the Lowest amount of energy.
ex. Ar has 18 electrons , O has 8
Ch1 chem 09.notebook April 15, 2015
electron dot diagram
of outer shell electrons
Ccarbon nitrogen N
Families of the Periodic Table
Columns of the periodic table are called
groups, also called families.
Rows are called periods.
Elements of the same family have similar characteristics.
https://ed.ted.com/periodicvideos
periodic table elements explaned
Neon and the elements below it in Group 18 have 8 electrons in their outer energy level. Their energy level is stable, so they do not combine easily w/other elements.
Noble GasMajor Element Families
1.- the reactivity decreases towards the
outer layer of the atom.
-atoms with electrons in farther energy levels are less reactive
- found in group 17 F, Cl, Br
2. Halogens Page 12What group are halogens in?
3. Alkali Metals-form compounds that are similar to each other
-larger atoms are more reactive than smaller ones
What group are a
lkali m
etals in?
Do not ask for help from your neighbor!
Complete the problem solving activity on pg. 13
Ch1 chem 09.notebook April 15, 2015
pg. 131. magnesium2. oxygen3. group 144. sulfur, selenium, tellurium
Answers to Problem Solving pg. 13 Electron Dot Diagrams
With your assigned group complete the mini lab on page 14.
Make sure everyone in the group understands how to make a dot diagram.
Follow the directions exactly in the reading on pg. 14
Chapter 1 Chemical Bonds Test Practice
Scientific Methods Brain Pop Video
Chapter 1 Review QuizzesEng.
Super Links
http://www.glencoe.com/sites/common_assets/science/virtual_labs/E20/E20.htmlVirtual Lab Atom Formation
Section 1 SelfCheck Quiz
Section 2 SelfCheck Quiz
Ch1 chem 09.notebook April 15, 2015
1. 5, 72. 2, 63. second 4. same # of electrons in outer level, tell us how they react with other elements
section 1 review answersSection 2 How Elements Bond
How R
omantic
A union between elements
It's True Love
atoms and their electrons 30 min storyhttp://documentariesplus.blogspot.com/2011/01/atomsandtheirelectrons.html
Atoms form bonds with other atoms using the electrons in their outer energy levels.
4 Ways Atoms Form Bonds pg. 16
1. losing electrons2. gaining electrons3. pooling electrons4. sharing electrons
ch1 sec.2 pg. 17
compound (FC) a pure substance containing 2 or more elements that are chemically bonded.
draw example
H2O
O2is a molecule *not a compoundonly one element type
is a compound
Ionic Bond (fc) - when two ions are opposite in charge are held closely together. pg. 17
Ion (fc) An atom that is no longer neutral because it has lost or gained an electron.
example: Chlorine and Sodium pg. 17
Na Cl+
Drawex. pg17
understand how losing and gaining of electrons change charge of the atom
If Na loses an electron what happens to
its charge?
http://www.visionlearning.com/library/module_viewer.php?mid=55
Ionic Bond
2Na(s) + 2H2O → 2NaOH(aq) + H2(g)
sodium and water
A colourless solution is formed, consisting of strongly alkalic sodium hydroxide (caustic soda) and hydrogen gas. This is an exothermic reaction. Sodium metal is heated and may ignite and burn with a characteristic orange flame. Hydrogen gas released during the burning process reacts strongly with oxygen in the air.A number of sodium compounds do not react as strongly with water, but are strongly water soluble.
Read more: http://www.lenntech.com/elementsandwater/sodiumandwater.htm#ixzz0QTanlzVX <http://www.lenntech.com/elementsandwater/sodiumandwater.htm>
http://www2.unisiegen.de/~pci/versuche/english/v4411.html
animated reaction of sodium and water
Ch1 chem 09.notebook April 15, 2015
lab
1. Ionic bondsThe strong attraction, due to opposing charge, that holds positive and negative ions close together.
Four types of Bonds
Mg O2+ 2-
Mg O
Cl Mg Cl
examples of 2+ gains or loses pg. 18
2. Metallic Bonding (Pooling) (FC)
metal atoms share their pooled electronsouter electrons move freely from atom to atom in metals. (shared pool of electrons)metals can bend, stretch, and conduct electricity due to this pooling of electrons
Covalent bonds (sharing) (FC)
a bond that forms between atoms that share electrons pg. 19 diagram A&B
Polar covalent bonding simulated in water
Ionic and covalent bonding animation
http://ninenet.pbslearningmedia.org/asset/lsps07_int_covalentbond/
interactive covalent bond
Ch1 chem 09.notebook April 15, 2015
2H2O2
2 elements H hydrogenO Oxygen
How many elements?
How many atoms of each element?
H 4 O 4
4. Polar bonds (form of covalent)(FC) bond resulting from unequalsharing of electons
Compound Review
How many atoms of each element?
How many elements
Ch1 chem 09.notebook April 15, 2015
For test Friday
Review all vocab ch. 1 understand how to read the periodic table and give information about total and outer electrons from it. be able to diagram the electron configuration of any atom that is number 1 18. Know properties of the element families be able to model the parts of an atom and the respective charges of particles. tell me how many electrons and protons are in any neutral atom on the periodic table. give info about a chemical formula
how many atoms, elements etc.If given atoms of an ionic bond tell me how they are bonded. Be able to write the ionic formula with positive and negative charges beside the atom symbol (this was done in lab) Define the different ways atoms bond.and what a polar molecule is.
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Click herefor theanswer
Click herefor theanswer
Label the diagram of the atomLabel the diagram of the atom
ProtonsProtons
ElectronsElectronsNucleusNucleus
NeutronsNeutrons
1. Atoms are made up of electrons, neutrons and protons.
2. Atoms do not contain electrons but they do contain protons and neutrons.
3. Atoms never contain neutronsClick herefor theanswer
Click herefor theanswer
Which of these statements is correct?Which of these statements is correct?
1. Electrons are positively charged
2. Neutrons do not weigh anything
3. Protons are found inside the nucleusClick herefor theanswer
Click herefor theanswer
Which of these statements is correct?Which of these statements is correct?
Ch1 chem 09.notebook April 15, 2015
The following pages are answers to the tasks in the lesson activity.The following pages are answers to the tasks in the lesson activity.
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Protons
ElectronsNucleus
Neutrons
The structure of an atom
Click hereto go back
Click hereto go back
Protons
ElectronsNucleus
Neutrons
The structure of an atom
1. Atoms are made up of electrons, neutrons and protons.
2. Atoms do not contain electrons but they do contain protons and neutrons.
3. Atoms never contain neutronsClick here
to go back
Click hereto go back
The correct statement is ...The correct statement is ...
1. Atoms are made up of electrons, neutrons and protons.
Click hereto go back
Click hereto go back
1. Electrons are positively charged
2. Neutrons do not weigh anything
3. Protons are found inside the nucleus
The correct statement is ...The correct statement is ...
3. Protons are found inside the nucleus
9/5/08polar bondchemical shorthand
Each element has a one or two letter naming system, first letter is capital second would be small
the number or atoms of each element is represented with a script number. Cl4
Chemical Formula (fc)
Ch1 chem 09.notebook April 15, 2015
covalent electron cloud
molecule nucleusgain or loss of electrons
http://www.quia.com/shared/search