Ch- 7 Using Maps Ch- 7 Using Maps 1 1K (What I know)K (What I know) W (Want to W (Want to

know)know)L (What I learned)L (What I learned)

Warm up- take out a piece of paper and do the Warm up- take out a piece of paper and do the “K” and the “W” for the above topic.“K” and the “W” for the above topic.

California State Standards – Ch. 7California State Standards – Ch. 7

I&E 1h – Read and interpret topographic and I&E 1h – Read and interpret topographic and geologic mapsgeologic maps

Ch 7 Using Maps Ch 7 Using Maps 1 1Main IdeasMain Ideas DetailsDetails

Why do we use Why do we use maps?maps?

To help usTo help us find out how to get to find out how to get to placesplaces

To help usTo help us see where geographic see where geographic features of our Earth are.features of our Earth are.

To show us our Earth on a flat To show us our Earth on a flat surfacesurface

To help usTo help us learn more about our learn more about our EarthEarth

Ch 7 Using Maps Ch 7 Using Maps 2 2Main IdeasMain Ideas DetailsDetails

Unfortunately, a flat map of a Unfortunately, a flat map of a curved surface is distorted.curved surface is distorted.

Maps can be used for many Maps can be used for many things.things.

The most accurate map of the The most accurate map of the Earth is on a globe.Earth is on a globe.

Ch 7 Using Maps Ch 7 Using Maps 3 3Main IdeasMain Ideas DetailsDetails

Mercator projectionMercator projection--

MercatorMercator – shows true direction – shows true direction in straight lines but distorts in straight lines but distorts distance in high latitudes.distance in high latitudes.

Types of mapsTypes of maps

Different types of Different types of maps help minimize maps help minimize distortion of shape, distortion of shape, distance or distance or direction.direction.

Ch 7 Using Maps Ch 7 Using Maps 4 4Main IdeasMain Ideas DetailsDetails

Gnomonic projectionGnomonic projection--

GnomonicGnomonic- good for - good for plotting shortest plotting shortest distance between distance between two points. two points. Direction and Direction and distance is distance is distorted.distorted.

Types of mapsTypes of maps

Ch 7 Using Maps Ch 7 Using Maps 5 5Main IdeasMain Ideas DetailsDetails

Polyconic projectionPolyconic projection--

PolyconicPolyconic- is a more - is a more accurate accurate representation and representation and is useful in making is useful in making topographic maps.topographic maps.

Types of mapsTypes of maps

Ch 7 Using Maps Ch 7 Using Maps 7 7Main IdeasMain Ideas DetailsDetails

Latitude & Latitude & LongitudeLongitude

LatitudeLatitude- imaginary lines (on - imaginary lines (on earth) that run East-West and earth) that run East-West and measure North-South.measure North-South.

Begin at the equator and runs Begin at the equator and runs to the poles. Maximum to the poles. Maximum degreesdegrees

= 90.= 90.

Latitude lines are called Latitude lines are called parallelsparallels.

Ch 7 Using Maps Ch 7 Using Maps 8 8Main IdeasMain Ideas DetailsDetails

Latitude & Latitude & LongitudeLongitude

LongitudeLongitude – imaginary lines that – imaginary lines that run North-South and measure run North-South and measure East-West.East-West.

Begin at the Prime Meridian = Begin at the Prime Meridian = 0º. 0º. Max degrees = 180ºMax degrees = 180º

meridianmeridianss

Ch 7 Using Maps Ch 7 Using Maps 9 9Main IdeasMain Ideas DetailsDetails

Map Map ScalesScales

Map scalesMap scales- tell us how the map - tell us how the map compares in size to the Earth’s compares in size to the Earth’s surface.surface.

This map scale is a ratioThis map scale is a ratio of of distance on the map to distance distance on the map to distance on Earth.on Earth.

1:24,000 1:100,0001 inch = .4 mile

1 inch = 1.5 miles7.5 minutes latitude

7.5 minutes longitude54,000 contiguous U.S.

1:100,000

1:50,000

1:24,000

Ch 7 Using Maps Ch 7 Using Maps 10 10Main IdeasMain Ideas DetailsDetails

Topographic MapsTopographic Maps Topographic MapsTopographic Maps show show landforms and landforms and reliefrelief or or elevations.elevations.

Contour linesContour lines- are lines on a - are lines on a topo map that connect points of topo map that connect points of equal elevations. equal elevations.

The contour interval is the The contour interval is the change of elevation between change of elevation between two contour lines.two contour lines.

Ch 7 Using Maps Ch 7 Using Maps 1111Main IdeasMain Ideas DetailsDetails

Reading a topo mapReading a topo map All mapsAll maps show directions in show directions in some way. Meridians and some way. Meridians and parallels show direction. parallels show direction.

Magnetic declinationMagnetic declination- sometimes - sometimes maps have arrows that point maps have arrows that point toward the North Pole or the toward the North Pole or the magnetic North Pole. The magnetic North Pole. The difference between true North difference between true North and magnetic North is the and magnetic North is the magnetic declination.magnetic declination.

Ch 7 Using Maps Ch 7 Using Maps 12 12Main IdeasMain Ideas DetailsDetails

Reading a contour Reading a contour mapmap

1. Contour lines of one elevation never crosses a contour line of another elevation.

2. Closely spaced contour lines represent a steep slope. Contour lines spaced far apart represent a gentle slope.

3. Contour lines that cross a valley are V shaped. The V points upstream. (uphill)

4. The tops of hills are often shown as closed loops or circles.

Ch 7 Using Maps Ch 7 Using Maps 13 13Main IdeasMain Ideas DetailsDetails

Main IdeasMain Ideas DetailsDetails

Remote sensing Remote sensing methods allow methods allow mapmakers to mapmakers to produce accurate produce accurate maps of many places maps of many places on Earth. on Earth.

G.P.SG.P.S Global Positioning System Global Positioning System uses satellites to help find uses satellites to help find positions on the Earth. positions on the Earth.

Ch 7 Using Maps Ch 7 Using Maps 14 14

Creating your own map-

Ch 7 Using Maps Ch 7 Using Maps 15 15Main IdeasMain Ideas DetailsDetails

SummarySummary

Write your 3-5 sentence Write your 3-5 sentence summary of these notes.summary of these notes.

Highlight the important Highlight the important parts of your notes.parts of your notes.