CHAPTER 5

Which of the following statements concerning the physical maturation process in infants is correct?

Answer

Selected Answer:

  

Different tissues, muscles and nerves grow at varying rates.

Correct Answer:

  

Different tissues, muscles and nerves grow at varying rates.

Question 2

1 out of 1 points

Janet has been breast-feeding her newborn for almost one week now. What type of breast milk is she likely to start producing?

Answer

Selected Answer:

  

transitional milk

Correct Answer:

  

transitional milk

Question 3

1 out of 1 points

Although formula is higher in protein than breast milk, it cannot

Answer

Selected Answer:

  

confer protection against disease.

Correct Answer:

  

confer protection against disease.

Question 4

1 out of 1 points

In terms of nutritional needs, newborn babies require

Answer

Selected Answer:

  

a great deal of protein due to their rapid development.

Correct Answer:

  

a great deal of protein due to their rapid development.

Question 5

1 out of 1 points

When infants are first introduced to solid foods they should be fed

Answer

Selected Answer:

  

iron-fortified cereals.

Correct Answer:

  

iron-fortified cereals.

Question 6

1 out of 1 points

How large is the infant's brain at 6 months old?

Answer

Selected Answer:

  

50 percent of its adult weight

Correct Answer:

  

50 percent of its adult weight

Question 7

1 out of 1 points

Computed axial tomography is

Answer

Selected Answer:

  

a type of x-ray that presents a three-dimensional image of the brain.

Correct Answer:

  

a type of x-ray that presents a three-dimensional image of the brain.

Question 8

1 out of 1 points

Which area of the brain is responsible for sensation?

Answer

Selected Answer:

  

parietal lobe

Correct Answer:

  

parietal lobe

Question 9

1 out of 1 points

According to research by Harris and Liebert (1992) the most crucial reflexes are those associated with

Answer

Selected Answer:

  

breathing.

Correct Answer:

  

breathing.

Question 10

1 out of 1 points

Although infants can see at birth, they do not begin to respond to color until they are somewhere between

Answer

Selected Answer:

  

2 and 4 months of age.

Correct Answer:

  

2 and 4 months of age.

Question 11

1 out of 1 points

Neurological testing is used to evaluate the infant's

Answer

Selected Answer:

  

reflexes.

Correct Answer:

  

reflexes.

Question 12

1 out of 1 points

By the age of __________________ most infants are able to hold their heads steady while sitting and lift their head and shoulders to a 90-degree angle while lying on their stomachs.

Answer

Selected Answer:

  

4 months

Correct Answer:

  

4 months

Question 13

1 out of 1 points

The stepping reflex disappears around three months of age, yet kicking, which has the same movement pattern remains. According to Thelen, which of the following best explains this?

Answer

Selected Answer:

  

changes in posture, weight gain and the pull of gravity

Correct Answer:

  

changes in posture, weight gain and the pull of gravity

Question 14

1 out of 1 points

Infants who are in the bottom three percent of height and weight measures are suffering from what is known as

Answer

Selected Answer:

  

failure to thrive.

Correct Answer:

  

failure to thrive.

Question 15

1 out of 1 points

Which of the following statements concerning sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) is NOT correct?

Answer

Selected Answer:

  

Most cases of SIDS are preceded by severe respiratory distress that lasts for several days.

Correct Answer:

  

Most cases of SIDS are preceded by severe respiratory distress that lasts for several days.

Question 16

1 out of 1 points

Allyson is a newborn who just came home from the hospital with her mother. She is not sleeping regularly now, but if she is a typical infant, her parents can expect her to establish a predictable sleep pattern

Answer

Selected Answer:

  

about two weeks from the time she was born.

Correct Answer:

  

about two weeks from the time she was born.

Question 17

1 out of 1 points

At birth, a full-term infant has about __________________ percent of their lung tissue fully developed.

Answer

Selected Answer:

  

10

Correct Answer:

  

10

Question 18

1 out of 1 points

If 3-month-old Elaina had been one of the children who participated in Robert Franz's experiment on visual preference, which of the following items would she like the least?

Answer

Selected Answer:

  

red disc

Correct Answer:

  

red disc

Question 19

1 out of 1 points

An infant sitting on the floor and banging various blocks together to produce differing sounds is demonstrating what Piaget termed

Answer

Selected Answer:

  

tertiary circular reactions.

Correct Answer:

  

tertiary circular reactions.

Question 20

1 out of 1 points

Piaget believed that infants did not attain object permanence until they reached 8 months of age, but more recent research suggest that infants

Answer

Selected Answer:

  

as young as 4 1/2 months have

this ability.

Correct Answer:

  

as young as 4 1/2 months have this ability.

Question 21

1 out of 1 points

Researchers Gelman and Baillargeon (1983) found that children could accomplish developmental tasks earlier than Piaget believed if

Answer

Selected Answer:

  

all of the above.

Correct Answer:

  

all of the above.

Question 22

1 out of 1 points

Infants are acutely interested in their environments and are drawn to stimulus of __________________ intensity.

Answer

Selected Answer:

  

moderate

Correct   

Answer:

moderate

Question 23

1 out of 1 points

The phenomenon known as infantile amnesia can best be explained by

Answer

Selected Answer:

  

a lack of language for categorization.

Correct Answer:

  

a lack of language for categorization.

Question 24

1 out of 1 points

Eight-month-old Shirley says Aye! every time she sees a banana. The sound she makes is known as a

Answer

Selected Answer:

  

vocable.

Correct Answer:

  

vocable.

Question 25

1 out of 1 points

Give drink, Want doll, and Go park now are all examples of

Answer

Selected Answer:

  

telegraphic speech.

Correct Answer:

  

telegraphic speech.

CHAPTER 6

Children develop foundational concepts of social interactions and the components that make up friendships and attachment fromAnswer Selected Answer: their early

relationships.Correct Answer: their early

relationships.

Question 2

1 out of 1 points

Hinde characterized the interaction between a parent and infant asAnswer Selected Answer: active on the child's, as well as the

parent's, part.Correct Answer: active on the child's, as well as the

parent's, part.

Question 3

1 out of 1 points

Infants seek novelty, requiring increasingly challenging stimulation. This relates to which motive?Answer Selected Answer: psychological

needsCorrect Answer: psychological

needs

Question 4

1 out of 1 points

By what age has the typical infant formed a need for social interactions?Answer Selected Answer: three

monthsCorrect Answer: three

months

Question 5

1 out of 1 points

David claps his hands and his daughter claps back. Then David claps loudly and softly, and she mimics him. This illustrates an aspect of:Answer

Selected Answer: entrainm

ent.Correct Answer: entrainm

ent.

Question 6

1 out of 1 points

Ideally, parents' expectations of their child and their sense of how to parent that child shouldAnswer Selected Answer: mesh with their child's abilities and

personality.Correct Answer: mesh with their child's abilities and

personality.

Question 7

0 out of 1 points

Which of the following statements concerning parenting styles and expectations has been supported by research?Answer Selected Answer: Parenting influences from previous generations usually

lead parents to have unreasonable expectations.Correct Answer: Flexibility in the mother/grandmother relationship is

related to flexibility in the mother/child relationship.

Question 8

1 out of 1 points

From Bowlby's work on attachment, how would a 9-month-old infant behave if separated from its mother?Answer Selected Answer: He would cry when his mother

leaves.Correct Answer: He would cry when his mother

leaves.

Question 9

1 out of 1 points

Children's behavior indicates secure attachment when theyAnswer Selected Answer: are distressed and cry at the

mother's departure.Correct Answer: are distressed and cry at the

mother's departure.

Question 10

1 out of 1 points

Behaviors of infants who are categorized as ambivalently attached includeAnswer Selected Answer: distress at being left by the caretaker, and uncertainty

upon their return.Correct Answer: distress at being left by the caretaker, and uncertainty

upon their return.

Question 11

1 out of 1 points

The four categories used to classify adults in the Adult Attachment Interview are unresolved, autonomous, preoccupied, andAnswer Selected Answer: dismissi

ng.Correct Answer: dismissi

ng.

Question 12

1 out of 1 points

Parents who are classified as preoccupied on the Adult Attachment Interview will most likely have a child who is __________________ in their attachment.Answer Selected Answer: resistant-

ambivalentCorrect Answer: resistant-

ambivalent

Question 13

0 out of 1 points

Studies have consistently shown that fathers in modern societies tend to be __________________ when it comes to nurturing their children.Answer Selected Answer: aloofCorrect Answer: actively

involved

Question 14

1 out of 1 points

Which of the following is NOT typical of a mother's relationship with her children?Answer Selected Answer: Mothers tend to engage more in rough-and-

tumble play.Correct Answer: Mothers tend to engage more in rough-and-

tumble play.

Question 15

1 out of 1 points

An individual's unique emotional style, physical and attentional reactivity, and self-regulation make up his or herAnswer Selected Answer: temperam

ent.Correct Answer: temperam

ent.

Question 16

1 out of 1 points

Studies such as the Colorado Adoption Project and the McArthur Longitudinal Twin Study reveal that there is a strong __________________ component influencing temperament.Answer Selected Answer: gene

ticCorrect Answer: gene

tic

Question 17

1 out of 1 points

Bradley is 6 months old. He has been sleeping regularly since his second week home after his birth. He is an explorative child, and new situations intrigue rather than bother him. In terms of temperament, Bradley isAnswer Selected Answer: eas

y.Correct Answer: eas

y.

Question 18

1 out of 1 points

If parents have high demands and expectations of a child who is highly reactive and uncomfortable in new situations, it is likely the child willAnswer Selected Answer: experience stress and possibly

developmental problems.Correct Answer: experience stress and possibly

developmental problems.

Question 19

1 out of 1 points

When parents adjust their expectations fit their child's temperament they establish what is known asAnswer

Selected Answer: goodness of

fit.Correct Answer: goodness of

fit.

Question 20

1 out of 1 points

Which of the following is true of temperament in children?Answer Selected Answer: Temperament is established early on in the

developmental process, but can change with ongoing development.

Correct Answer: Temperament is established early on in the

developmental process, but can change with ongoing development.

Question 21

1 out of 1 points

Emde describes two important factors of emotional development: that emotions help children define their individuality and thatAnswer Selected Answer: emotions serve adaptive and meaning-

making functions.Correct Answer: emotions serve adaptive and meaning-

making functions.

Question 22

1 out of 1 points

Research indicates that infants are capable of recognizing the quality of an emotional signalAnswer Selected Answer: from the first days

after birth.Correct Answer: from the first days

after birth.

Question 23

1 out of 1 points

Megan is starting to regulate her emotional expression. This impulse control is strongly influenced byAnswer Selected Answer: All of these are important

components.Correct Answer: All of these are important

components.

Question 24

1 out of 1 points

When do secondary emotions appear?Answer Selected Answer: after 18

monthsCorrect Answer: after 18

months

Question 25

1 out of 1 points

Babies smile instinctively at faces, real or drawn. This probably reflectsAnswer Selected Answer: the human tendency to attend

to patterns.Correct Answer: the human tendency to attend

to patterns

CHAPTER 7

At birth, an infant's body length is about __________________ times the length of their face.

Answer

Selected Answer:

4

Correct Answer:

4

Question 2

1 out of 1 points

Two of the most important types of stimulation that Maria and Paolo can provide for their young child Giaccomina are

Answer

Selected Answer:

talking to her and providing an emotionally supportive environment.

Correct Answer:

talking to her and providing an emotionally supportive environment.

Question 3

1 out of 1 points

Her mother is noticing indications that 3-year-old Tina is starting to favor her left hand over her right for eating and manipulating objects. This development of preference is referred to as

Answer

Selected Answer:

handedness.

Correct Answer:

handedness.

Question 4

1 out of 1 points

If people are right-handed

Answer

Selected Answer:

their left cerebral hemisphere controls the right side of their body and their speech.

Correct Answer:

their left cerebral hemisphere controls the right side of their body and their speech.

Question 5

1 out of 1 points

Under what conditions does a short-term illness contracted during early childhood have the potential to significantly disturb a child's growth rate?

Answer

Selected Answer:

if the child is poorly nourished

Correct Answer:

if the child is poorly nourished

Question 6

1 out of 1 points

At what age does the typical child first begin to run, climb stairs, and jump with both feet?

Answer

Selected Answer:

2 years

Correct Answer:

2 years

Question 7

1 out of 1 points

If children can ride a bicycle, tie their own shoes, and catch a small ball, they are likely to be at least

Answer

Selected Answer:

6 years of age.

Correct Answer:

6 years of age.

Question 8

1 out of 1 points

Random scribbling is defined in the text as drawing in which children

Answer

Selected Answer:

use dots and lines created with simple arm movements.

Correct Answer:

use dots and lines created with simple arm movements.

Question 9

1 out of 1 points

Which of the following was presented in the text as a possible reason children lose their enthusiasm for drawing and art?

Answer

Selected Answer:

Children become less egocentric and begin to compare their work to others and are discouraged.

Correct Answer:

Children become less egocentric and begin to compare their work to others and are discouraged.

Question 10

1 out of 1 points

When 4-year-old Sally tells her mother that her doll cannot come and play because she is sick and has to stay in bed, she is exhibiting

Answer

Selected Answer:

animism.

Correct Answer:

animism.

Question 11

1 out of 1 points

The term drawing, as Piaget used it, refers to

Answer

Selected Answer:

children's growing use of symbolism.

Correct Answer:

children's growing use of symbolism.

Question 12

1 out of 1 points

Jason, who is 4½ years old, is unable to understand that he cannot go to his friend Tommy's house because Tommy has the measles and that the measles are contagious. All Jason understands is that he cannot play with Tommy. This is an example of

Answer

Selected Answer:

centration.

Correct Answer:

centration.

Question 13

1 out of 1 points

Children in the phase of preoperational thought are unable to understand that objects can remain the same quantitatively even if their outward appearance changes. This describes their lack of

Answer

Selected Answer:

conservation.

Correct Answer:

conservation.

Question 14

1 out of 1 points

Children are able to __________________ much earlier than Piaget proposed.

Answer

Selected Answer:

all of the above

Correct Answer:

all of the above

Question 15

1 out of 1 points

Children's developing memory, attention, rehearsal, and organization are necessary for

Answer

Selected Answer:

development of a theory of mind.

Correct Answer:

development of a theory of mind.

Question 16

1 out of 1 points

__________________ is the most challenging aspect of retrieval.

Answer

Selected Answer:

Recall

Correct Answer:

Recall

Question 17

0 out of 1 points

Suzanna gets a case of the giggles every time her brother recites an amusing limerick to her. She is probably giggling over the limerick's

Answer

Selected Answer:

incongruity.

Correct Answer:

inconsistency.

Question 18

1 out of 1 points

Children in the fourth stage of humor begin to

Answer

Selected Answer:

find humor in the ambiguous meanings of words.

Correct Answer:

find humor in the ambiguous meanings of words.

Question 19

1 out of 1 points

From birth until the age of 6, children are in what Montessori referred to as

Answer

Selected Answer:

the absorbent mind phase.

Correct Answer:

the absorbent mind phase.

Question 20

1 out of 1 points

What was Sargent Shriver's main Objective for Project Head Start?

Answer

Selected Answer:

to prepare poor children for entrance into kindergarten and first grade

Correct Answer:

to prepare poor children for entrance into kindergarten and first grade

Question 21

1 out of 1 points

As early as age __________________, most children have completed most of the language acquisition process.

Answer

Selected Answer:

5

Correct Answer:

5

Question 22

1 out of 1 points

When Kim's father said he was mad at his boss, Kim understood that boss meant a person even though she didn't know the meaning of the word boss. This is called

Answer

Selected Answer:

fast mapping.

Correct Answer:

fast mapping.

Question 23

1 out of 1 points

At the evening dinner table, 5-year-old Jeremy tells his family about the Disney movie he saw earlier, but his story is not told in chronological order and he taking a long time to tell every tiny detail. His family should

Answer

Selected Answer:

encourage him to continue in his own way.

Correct Answer:

encourage him to continue in his own way.

Question 24

1 out of 1 points

Sally has learned that her house pet is a doggy. When she sees a horse for the first time, she identifies the horse as a doggy. This irregularity of speech is called

Answer

Selected Answer:

overextension.

Correct Answer:

overextension.

Question 25

1 out of 1 points

The case of Genie is an example of a(n) __________________ in language development.

Answer

Selected Answer:

sensitive period

Correct Answer:

sensitive period

CHAPTER 8

According to Walsh (1992), on any given night in the United States __________________ children will be homeless.Answer

Selected Answer: 100,0

00Correct Answer: 100,0

00

Question 2

1 out of 1 points

Most children who enter foster care programsAnswer Selected Answer: have multiple

problems.Correct Answer: have multiple

problems.

Question 3

1 out of 1 points

Sam is becoming more frequently successful at many new behaviors, such as making eye contact when he talks, sharing his games, not interrupting, and asking instead of grabbing. These interpersonal behaviors are best referred to asAnswer Selected Answer: socializati

on.Correct

Answer: socialization.

Question 4

1 out of 1 points

Zeke comes home a half hour past his curfew and as soon as he walks in the door, his father who is waiting in the living room tells him he is restricted to the house for a month. When Zeke tries to explain, his father gets even angrier and tells him to get to his room. In Baumrind's terms, this is an example ofAnswer Selected Answer: an authoritarian

parenting style.Correct Answer: an authoritarian

parenting style.

Question 5

1 out of 1 points

John is very popular in school. His parents positively reinforce his appropriate behaviors and are verbally persuasive when directing John. His parents use a(n) __________________ parenting style.Answer Selected Answer: authoritat

iveCorrect Answer: authoritat

ive

Question 6

1 out of 1 points

Which of the following is NOT a parenting style identified by Baumrind?Answer Selected Answer: ignori

ngCorrect Answer: ignori

ng

Question 7

1 out of 1 points

Which of the following children meet the profile of a child who is being raised by permissive parents?Answer Selected Answer: Crystal, who is confident, reckless, and impulsive, but

has low self-control.Correct Answer: Crystal, who is confident, reckless, and impulsive, but

has low self-control.

Question 8

1 out of 1 points

Thomas failed to call home when he was going to be late coming home from his friend's house. The best punishment would be to sayAnswer Selected Answer: Looks like your judgment was off this time; we're

disappointed. Let's discuss what went wrong. Correct Answer: Looks like your judgment was off this time; we're

disappointed. Let's discuss what went wrong.

Question 9

1 out of 1 points

The study conducted by Helen Koch (1960) indicates that most siblingsAnswer Selected Answer: are satisfied with each

other.Correct Answer: are satisfied with each

other.

Question 10

1 out of 1 points

Which of the following factors tends to cause children who are in the early childhood years to blame themselves for their parents' divorce?Answer Selected Answer: separation

anxietyCorrect Answer: separation

anxiety

Question 11

1 out of 1 points

Raymond and his wife have been divorced for about three months. She has custody of their children, but he generally sees them once a week. If this situation is representative of the typical divorce, what is likely to happen with Raymond and his children?Answer Selected Answer: He will gradually begin seeing them

less and less.Correct Answer: He will gradually begin seeing them

less and less.

Question 12

1 out of 1 points

Which of the following statements concerning au pairs and nannies is correct?Answer Selected Answer: Au pairs tend to have less training in child care and to

be younger than nannies.Correct Answer: Au pairs tend to have less training in child care and to

be younger than nannies.

Question 13

1 out of 1 points

Terrence's aunt comes to his house while his mother is at work. This arrangement is convenient for Terrence's mom, but it does have a disadvantage in thatAnswer Selected Answer: Terrence is missing the socialization he would get at a

formal day care.Correct Answer: Terrence is missing the socialization he would get at a

formal day care.

Question 14

1 out of 1 points

Enrollment in day care seems to be associated withAnswer Selected Answer: increased behavior

problems.Correct Answer: increased behavior

problems.

Question 15

0 out of 1 points

When Haley looks into a mirror, she points to herself and says, Haley. She must be at leastAnswer Selected Answer: 24 months

old.Correct Answer: 18 months

old.

Question 16

1 out of 1 points

Which of the following terms refers to an individual's conviction that he or she belongs to the sex of their birth?Answer Selected Answer: gender

identityCorrect Answer: gender

identity

Question 17

1 out of 1 points

Allyson is a mechanic at an auto dealership. She specializes in diagnostics and engine tune-ups. In the traditional sense of American society, Allyson is defying

Answer Selected Answer: gender

stereotypes.Correct Answer: gender

stereotypes.

Question 18

1 out of 1 points

Jeff often buys sports-related equipment and toys for his son and encourages him to try out for sports. Jeff's behavior fits what theory of gender development?Answer Selected Answer: social learning

theoryCorrect Answer: social learning

theory

Question 19

1 out of 1 points

According to the __________________ theory of gender development, children become sex typed between the ages of 4 and 6 because of their identification with the same-sex parent.Answer Selected Answer: psychoanalytic-

identificationCorrect Answer: psychoanalytic-

identification

Question 20

1 out of 1 points

Karen has twin 2-year-olds, Abe and Ann. Once her husband played a trick on her and dressed the children in each other's clothes. Karen didn't notice at first, and was caught talking more soothingly and attentively to Abe in Ann's clothing than to Ann in Abe's clothing. When the joke was revealed, Karen realizedAnswer Selected Answer: she, like most parents, had been previously unaware of

her differential treatment of the children based on gender.

Correct Answer: she, like most parents, had been previously unaware of

her differential treatment of the children based on gender.

Question 21

1 out of 1 points

Which of the following is representative of sex cleavage?Answer Selected Answer: three girls playing

with dollsCorrect Answer: three girls playing

with dolls

Question 22

1 out of 1 points

Which of the following accurately defines play?Answer Selected Answer: Play is an activity children engage in because they

enjoy it for its own sake.Correct

Answer: Play is an activity children engage in because they enjoy it for its own sake.

Question 23

1 out of 1 points

Three-year-old Courtney pretends she is still sleeping when her father comes into her room to check on her. She is engaging in what Piaget calledAnswer Selected Answer: Symbolic

games.Correct Answer: Symbolic

games.

Question 24

1 out of 1 points

James and his friend Tom are in the backyard filling buckets with snow and building a wall with snowblocks. What type of play is this?Answer Selected Answer: constructive

playCorrect Answer: constructive

play

Question 25

1 out of 1 points

During free play at preschool, you would expect to seeAnswer Selected

Answer: children playing in same-sex groups.

Correct Answer: children playing in same-sex

groups.