ch 20.1
TRANSCRIPT
CHAPTER 20
Section 1: The British Empire in the Postwar Era
Section 2: Turkey, Persia, and Africa
Section 3: Unrest in China
Section 4: Imperialism in Japan
Section 5: Latin America Between the Wars
Nationalist Movements Around the World
SECTION 1
Bell Ringer 20.1:What was the British reaction to the Indian independence movement’s policies of passive resistance?
The British Empire in the Postwar Era
Passive Resistance British Reaction
B_____________
N____________ of taxes
SECTION 1The British Empire in the Postwar Era
The world struggled to recover after WWI.
Just as the economies were beginning torecover . . . the Great Depression struck.
In some European countries the economic turmoil helped causethe rise of dictatorships.
In other parts of the world, revolutionary movements took place.
SECTION 1The British Empire in the Postwar Era
“The sun neversets on theBritish Empire.”
After WWI,many of theBritish coloniesdemandedself-rule.
SECTION 1The British Empire in the Postwar Era
1914 ~ the British declared Egypt a protectorate.
After WWI, a nationalist movement – the Wafd Party – developedand led a popular revolt that was quickly put down.
Egypt
SECTION 1The British Empire in the Postwar Era
In 1922, the British declared Egypt independent . . . But would leavemilitary forces there to defend Egypt and protect the Suez Canal.
SECTION 1The British Empire in the Postwar Era
In the 1920s and 1930s, theEgyptian nationalists wantedcomplete independence.
1936 ~ Anglo-Egyptian TreatyBritish troops would remainin Egypt.
SECTION 1The British Empire in the Postwar Era
The Middle East
SECTION 1The British Empire in the Postwar Era
Middle Eastern Arabs had helped the British in WWI againstthe Ottoman Empire.
But the British and French imposed control over the area after the war.
SECTION 1The British Empire in the Postwar Era
Eventually the British would recognize the independence of bothTransjordan and Iraq . . . But they would maintain a strong military presence in both.
The British would keep complete control over Palestine.
SECTION 1The British Empire in the Postwar Era
Since the late 1800s, Jews fromEurope had been establishingsmall colonies in Palestine.
Zionism ~ nationalist movementto build homeland for Jews.
Balfour Declaration
SECTION 1The British Empire in the Postwar Era
The British had also promisedthe creation of an independentArab state that included parts ofPalestine.
Both Jews and Arabs expected theBritish to make good on its promises.
Tensions rose between the two groups.
In 1937 the British declared that a Zionist homeland and an Arab statewas incompatible. It recommended dividing the land between the two.
SECTION 1The British Empire in the Postwar Era
IndiaIn return for Indian troops and moneyduring WWI, Britain had promisedIndia more self-government.
The British were divided on the issue …but so were the Indians.
But any settlement would HAVE toaccommodate the diverse groups.
SECTION 1The British Empire in the Postwar EraMohandas Gandhi
Leader of the Indian nationalist movement
…opposed violence in any form.
… urged people to gain independence by nonviolently refusing to cooperate with thegov’t
Civil disobedience ~ passive resistance
How do you do this?
SECTION 1The British Empire in the Postwar Era
SECTION 1The British Empire in the Postwar Era
1935 ~ the British allowed India to elect representatives …
But full independence was not to be.
SECTION 1The British Empire in the Postwar Era
QUIZ TIME!
SECTION 1The British Empire in the Postwar Era
British ReactionPassive Resistance
boycotts restricted civil liberties
nonpayment of taxes disrupted political gatherings
Chapter Wrap-Up
CHAPTER 20
1. How did the military affect Japan’s government?
2. How did cultural issues affect nationalistic movements in Africa?
3. How did economic issues influence political events in Latin America?
1. How did the military affect Japan’s government?
2. How did cultural issues affect nationalistic movements in Africa?
3. How did economic issues influence political events in Latin America?