Ch. 19 Hip and Pelvis

Explain the importance of the hip and pelvis as a support structure for the human body.

Describe the skeletal structure of the hip and pelvis.

List the primary muscles of the hip and pelvis.

Describe common injuries associated with the hip and pelvis.

Objectives

Ball and socket joint

Head of femur fits into the acetabulum

Strongest joint in the body

Supported by muscles, ligaments, and tendons

Hip Anatomy

Function of pelvis is to transmit weight from axial skeleton to legs

Attachment for many muscles of the leg Houses digest and urinary tracts Houses reproductive systems Important differences between males and

females

Pelvis

Ilium: broad, flared bone of the upper and lateral pelvis

Iliac Crest: upper ridge of ilium Sacrum: part of the vertebral column between

lumbar vertebrae and coccyx; composed of five fused vertebrae

Ischium: bears body weight when sitting Obturator foramina: openings for blood vessels

and nerves Pubis: front of pelvis below the bladder Coccyx: 3-5 verebrae, tailbone

Pelvis

Pelvis

Male◦ narrower, heart-shaped

pelvic inlet◦ narrower sciatic notch◦ narrower angle where the

two pubic bones meet in front

Female◦ open, circular pelvic inlet◦ broader sciatic notch◦ wider angle where the two

pubic bones meet in front◦ more outwardly flared hip

bones

Males vs Females

Male on the left. Female on the right.Women’s are less dense and smaller, shorter, and wider.

Hip flexion: iliopsoas, sartorius, pectineus, rectus femoris

Hip extension: Gluteus maximus, biceps femoris

Hip abduction: gluteus medius, gluteus minimus, abductor brevis,

Hip adduction: adductor magnus, adductor longus

Muscles

Muscles

With the leg to be stretched behind the other leg and rotated slightly outward, shift weight to the other leg. Posture is erect with hips thrust forward.

Kneel on a towel, then thrust forward with the hips, maintaining an erect posture.

Hip Flexor Stretch

In standing or sitting position, grab ankle and bring leg into knee flexion. Keep torso and hip erect.

Quad Stretch

Seated hamstring stretch

Seated hamstring stretch with other leg dangling

Standing hamstring stretch

Standing hamstring stretch on bar

Hamstring Stretch

Supine hamstring stretch: grasp behind knee and bring knee to chest, slowly straighten out leg, point toes toward you

Hamstring Stretch

In a seated position, pull the heels in as far as possible, then lean forward and push down on knees

Adductor Stretching

In supine position, place heel of leg to be stretched on other knee. Bring knee to chest. Push knee of stretched leg away for a better stretch.

Piriformis Stretch