ch. 12 1.3-4 students per table 2.workbook & textbook 3.pencil / pen 4.start when quiet
TRANSCRIPT
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Ch. 12
1. 3-4 students per table
2. Workbook & Textbook
3. Pencil / Pen
4. Start when quiet
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Ch. 12: Categories of Materials1. Wood & Modified Wood
2. Ceramics
3. Metals & Alloys
4. Plastics
5. Composites
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Text / Work Books
Text Book – p. 391
Work Book - p. 201
• Copy the following definitions
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WOOD
• Is a material obtained by harvesting and processing trees (p. 390)
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MODIFIED WOOD
• Is treated wood or a material made from wood mixed with other substances
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A CERAMIC
• Is a solid material obtained by heating inorganic matter containing various compounds, usually oxides.
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A METAL
• Is a material extracted from a mineral ore.
• Aluminum• Chromium• Copper• Iron• Magnesium• Nickel• Tin• Zinc
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AN ALLOY
• Is a mixture of a metal with one or more other substances.
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Ferrous vs. Nonferrous
• Cast Iron• Steel
• Aluminium Alloys• Brass• Bronze
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STEEL HEAT TREATMENTS
• Are methods of enhancing certain mechanical properties of steel through periods of heating.
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WOOD vs. MODIFIED WOOD:
WOOD MODIFIED WOOD
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Properties
• Species of trees• Speed of growth• Water content• Hardness, elasticity and
resilience• Low thermal
• Low electrical• Easy to shape &
assemble • Colors and shapes• Lightness
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1. SPECIES OF TREESHARDWOOD SOFT WOOD
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2. SPEED OF GROWTH
HEARTWOOD
SAPWOOD
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3. WATER CONTENT
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4. HARDNESS, ELASTICITY, RESILIENCE & TOUGHNESS
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5. LOW THERMAL & ELECTRICAL CONDUCTIVITY
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6. EASY TO SHAPE & ASSEMBLE
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7. COLOURS & SHADES
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8. LIGHTNESS
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Degradation
• Fungi• Insect• Microorganism
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Pine Beetle
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PROTECTION
PRESSURE TREATING ROASTING
Chromated Copper Arsenate (CCA)
Maple
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CERAMICS
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Properties
• Low electrical conductivity
• High degree of hardness• Low thermal
conductivity
• Resistant to corrosion• Mechanical parts
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1. LOW ELECTRICAL CONDUCTIVITY
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2. HIGH DEGREE OF HARDNESS
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3. LOW THERMAL CONDUCTIVITY
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4. RESISTANT TO CORROSION
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5. MECHANICAL PARTS
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CERAMICS:Degradation
• ACIDS – sulphuric acid
• BASE – calcium hydroxide
• THERMAL SHOCK
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CERAMICS:Protection
• AVOID…
• ACIDS – sulphuric acid
• BASE – calcium hydroxide
• THERMAL SHOCK
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METALS & ALLOYS:
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Properties
• Good thermal and electrical conductivity• Ductile• Malleable
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1. Good thermal and electrical conductivity
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2. Ductile
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3. Malleable
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METALS & ALLOYS: Degradation
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OXIDATION = Corrosion
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METALS & ALLOYS:
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Protection
• Metallic Coating• Steel Heat Treatments
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METALLIC COATINGS
EnamelGalvanizedChrome
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STEEL HEAT TREATMENTS:Quench Hardening
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APPENDIX 5 (p. 531)
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PLASTIC & COMPOSITES
• Workbook p. 205
• Textbook p. 397
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A PLASTIC
• Is a material made of polymers, to which other substances may be added to obtain certain desirable properties (p. 397)
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Polymer Structure
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A THERMOPLASTIC
• Is a plastic that becomes soft enough when heated to be molded or remolded and that hardens enough when cooled to hold its shape
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Thermoplastic Products
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A THERMOSETTING PLASTIC
• Is a plastic that remains permanently hard, even when heated
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Thermosetting Products
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A COMPOSITE
• Is formed by combining materials from different categories to obtain a material with enhanced properties.
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Carbon Fiber
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APPENDIX 5 - (p. 530)
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Wood, modified wood, ceramics, metals and alloys lab
1. Work with table groups
2. Write ALL names on hand-out
3. Hand in at the end of lab
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Homework
• Workbook - p. 201-208