center for frontiers of subsurface energy security (lake... · multiphase flow theme:...
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Larry W. Lake1 Contributors: Anastasia Ilgen2, Hilary C. Olson1, Grant Heffelfinger2
1University of Texas at AusDn 2Sandia NaDonal Laboratories
July 24-‐25 , 2017
Center for Frontiers of Subsurface Energy Security
EAB Steve Bryant
Michael Carney Charles Christopher
Don DePaolo Derek Elsworth ScoQ Frailey Kurt House Jean Roberts
THEME: FLUID-‐ASSISTED GEOMECHANICS
Ma@ Balhoff, Tom Dewers
D. N. Espinoza, B. Ganis, A. Ilgen, M. MarDnez, P. Newell, M. Prodanovic, M.
Wheeler, G. Xu , H. Yoon, N. Hayman
C. Choens
M. Aman, M. Mirabolghasemi, C. Nwachukwu, M. Shafiei , I. Shovkun, Z. Sun, H. Yang
Management Team Larry W. Lake – Director
Grant Heffelfinger– Associate Director Anastasia Ilgen, Hilary Olson – Assistant Directors
AdministraNve Associate
Barb Messmore
THEME: BUOYANCY-‐ DRIVEN MULTIPHASE FLOW
Tip Meckel, Mario MarNnez
B. Cardenas, D. DiCarlo, M. Hesse, S. Hovorka, K. Johnston, A. Kucala, T. Larson, C. Yang, H. Yoon
L. Trevisan, L. Wang, B. Wen
D. Akhbari, S. Alzobaidi, C. Da, E. GuilDnan, P. Krishnamurthy, C. McNeece, S. Senthinalthan
CFSES Overview, Mission & Personnel Mission: to pursue scienDfic understanding of mulDscale, mulDphysics processes to ensure safe and economically feasible storage of carbon dioxide and other byproducts of energy producDon without harming the environment.
www.utcfses.org
The University of Texas at AusNn Sandia NaNonal Laboratories
Challenge 1
Challenge 2
Challenge 3
Sustaining large storage rates
Using pore space with unprecedented
efficiency
Controlling undesired or unexpected
behavior
SAFE & ECONOMICAL
CO2 Rock Mechanical Alteration: Strength and Stiffness of Outcrop Samples from the Crystal Geyser Analog
Espinoza D.N, Jung H., Major, J.R., Sun, Z., Ramos, M.J., Eichhubl, P., Balhoff, M.T., Choens, R.C, Dewers, T.A. Rock Mechanical AlteraDon Due to Flow of CO2-‐Charged Brine: Strength and SDffness of Outcrop Samples from the Crystal Geyser Analog. In review – IJGHG.
Aman M., Espinoza D.N, Ilgen A., Major, J.R., Eichhubl, P., Dewers, T.A. CO2-‐induced Chemo-‐Mechanical AlteraDon in Reservoir Rocks assessed via Batch ReacDon Experiments and Scratch TesDng. In review – GHG Sci. & Tech.
Scientific Achievement • Proved CO2-‐induced mechanical degradaNon over geological Nme • IdenNfied and reproduced micromechanical controls of CO2-‐induced degradaNon in sandstone
Significance and Impact • Mineral dissoluNon can affect in situ local stresses and induce reservoir strains
• Increased rock ducNlity because of dissoluNon reduces propensity to localized fractures and ensuing leaks through fractures
Experimental Results Modeling Results Petrographic Analysis
Unaltered (Strong and briQle)
Altered (Weak and ducDle)
Multiphase Flow Theme: Experimentally tested invasion percolation modeling of buoyancy-driven flow - Sandstone
Scientific Achievement •Demonstration of buoyancy dominated CO2 flow under reservoir conditions. •Highlight strengths and weaknesses of each model. • Need for better small scale characterization of porous media. Significance and Impact • Post injection migration of CO2 will occur in buoyancy and capillary dominated flow regime. • Points out need to accurately model and predict CO2 movement and trapping in heterogeneous reservoirs.
Sandstone, core-‐scale CO2 flood experiments, modeling using invasion percolaDon (IP) and
Darcy-‐based flow models.
Multiphase Flow Theme: Experimentally tested invasion percolation modeling of buoyancy-driven flow - Sand pack
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• Scientific Achievement • • CO2 migration pathway show interplay between
capillary and gravity forces. • • Impact on the non-wetting buoyancy depends
on knowledge of lithofacial hierarches.
• Significance and Impact • • Integrated benchmark approach of real-time
CO2 gas migration experiments and multiple numerical models (IP and Darcy-based continuum models) to quantify the transition from compact flow to capillary flow.
• • Multiple fingers at the top can be represented by a stochastic approach of heterogeneity using computationally-efficient invasion percolation approaches.
Trevisan, L., Yoon, H., Krishnamurthy, P. G., Wang, L., Kucala, A., Chang, K. W., Meckel, T., Cardenas, B., DiCarlo, MarDnez, M. J. (in prep), Promises and piballs of invasion percolaDon and Darcy-‐based models applied to benchmark flowcell experiments (100% CFSES supported, fully collaboraDve work between SNL and UT)
(a) Experimental heterogeneous sand structure (26 cm wide) of Glass et al. (2000) [Dark-‐fine, gray-‐medium, and light-‐coarse sands]. CO2 injecDon port is shown in the boQom. (b) Experimental CO2 saturaDon image (0 to 1). (c) Entry pressure (kPa) field for IP models. (d) IP result (pore filling) in one realizaDon. (e) Probability of invasion per each pixel for 100 realizaDons. (f) CO2 saturaDon based on Darcy-‐based conDnuum model.
New theoretical and experimental methods to understand CO2 permeability
Chen, X. and D.A. DiCarlo, “A new unsteady-‐state method of determining two-‐phase relaDve permeability illustrated by CO 2 -‐brine primary drainage in Berea sandstone,” Advances in Water Resources, 96, 251-‐265 (2016)
Scientific Achievement Developed a method for obtaining accurate and fast measurements of high pressure CO2 relaNve permeability.
Significance and Impact RelaNve permeability important for predicNng fate, transport, and trapping of CO2 on reservoir scales.
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A new unsteady-‐state method for obtaining CO2 relaNve permeability
Pore-‐scale drainage modeling using the Conformal DecomposiNon Finite Element
Method (CDFEM).
SimulaNon of scCO2 (white) drainage in brine (blue) at Ca=1E-‐5 in random 2D ladce
network.
Dynamic angle vs. CL velocity
Scientific Achievement • Developed a validated numerical dynamic contact angle wedng model.
• Model used to simulate pore scale drainage in heterogeneous pore networks over a range of reservoir we@ability and fluid properNes.
Noble, Kucala and MarDnez, M “A CDFEM method for dynamic welng applicaDons,” Proc. ASME FEDSM2017, (2017).
Director’s Review of Each AcDvity in Year 2 • Could you do your research without your partner insDtuDon? • What does failure look like? • What does success look like?
IniDated Awards for PublicaDons • Jan 2017 annual meeDng gave out awards for 47 publicaDons
• Highlighted Inter-‐InsDtuDonal PublicaDons
CFSES Talks
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Tip Meckel UT Advances in Understanding Buoyancy-‐Dominated Flow in Heterogeneous Geologic Systems
Pania Newell SNL Performance Assessment of Jointed/Faulted Caprock During CO2 SequestraDon
MaQ Balhoff UT Rock Mechanical AlteraDon Due to Flow of CO2-‐Charged Brine: Shear Strength of Crystal Geyser Outcrop Samples
• Leakage • Wellbores • Faults
• Injection induced damage • Brine migration to overlying
aquifers • Induced seismicity
abandoned well fault
caprock caprock joinDng
CFSES Posters
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abandoned well fault
caprock caprock joinDng
Choens, Charles SNL The Effect of Hydrous SupercriDcal Carbon Dioxide on the Mohr Coulomb Failure Envelope in Boise Sandstone
Krishnamurthy, Prasanna UT Engineered Heterogeneity in Sand Packs for EvaluaDng CO2 SaturaDon During Buoyancy-‐Driven Flow
MarDnez, Mario SNL Fluid Dynamics Model for Pore-‐Scale Welng Phenomena Sun, Zhuang UT P4-‐Discrete Element Modeling of Rock Mechanical AlteraDon Due to CO2-‐
Charged Brine Wang, Lichun UT Universal Linear Time-‐Dependence of Permeability Through Dissolving Fractures
Induced by Acidic Fluid