cell structure. divisions of cell type prokaryotes- – no nucleus (bacteria) eukaryotes- –...
TRANSCRIPT
Cell Structure
Divisions of Cell Type
• Prokaryotes- – No Nucleus (Bacteria)
• Eukaryotes- – Nucleus (Animal cells. You)
Organization of the cell
Plasma membrane - encompasses the functional cell unit–Membranes segregate most other individual
components of the cell• Nucleus• Organelles
Cytoplasm - suspension of fluid with various cellular elements
• Plasma membrane is selectively permeable. • This allows for isolated chemical environments.
How is the Double membrane possible ???
The cytoplasm consists of a clear liquid (cytosol), a supportive cytoskeleton (that also aids in cell movement), and networks of membranes and organelles
Inside the cell: Cytoplasm
Cytoplasm
• Cytoskeleton + Cytosol = Cytoplasm• Cytosol - The clear fluid portion of the
cytoplasm in which the particles are dispersed is called Cytosol– this contains mainly dissolved proteins,
electrolytes, and glucose.
Cell Nucleus
Cell Membrane
Nucleus
Nucleolus
Inside the cell: Cell Nucleus: large organelle bounded by a double-layered
nuclear membrane The site of cellular control Holds genetic information—DNA & RNA Contains chromatin
loosely coiled fibers of protein and DNA Contains the nucleolus
composed of RNA and protein and is the site of ribosome production
Rough ER & Smooth ER
Inside the cell: Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER)made up of membranes, flattened sacs, & vesiclesprovides a tubular transport system inside the cellRough ER: ER + ribosomes-functions in protein synthesisSmooth ER: ER without ribosomes-functions in lipid
synthesis
Inside the cell: Ribosomes Found attached to rough ER or scattered
throughout the cytoplasm Composed of protein and RNA Functions in protein synthesis
Protein Synthesis and Transport
Inside the cell: Golgi Apparatus (GA) composed of flattened sacs, and refines, packages,
modifies, & delivers proteins vesicles formed on ER travel to the GA GA modifies vesicle contents chemically-prepares them
for transport out of cell Vesicles form a “delivery service”, carrying chemicals
throughout the cell (vesicle trafficking).
Mitochondria
Inside the cell: Mitochondria the “powerhouses” of the cell contain enzymes needed for aerobic respiration (a
form of efficient ATP production) Very active cells contain thousands of mitochondria
example: skeletal muscle
Vesicle
A small, membranous sac that can be used for transportation
Inside the cell: Lysosomes & Peroxisomes Lysosomes are the "garbage disposals" of the cell &
contain digestive enzymes to break up old cell components and bacteria
Peroxisomes contain enzymes that function in the synthesis of bile acids, breakdown of lipids, degradation of rare biochemicals, and detoxification of alcohol
Using The List of Organelles Create a functional analogy
1. Cell membrane2. Cytosol3. Cytoskeleton4. Nucleus5. DNA6. RNA7. Smooth ER8. Rough ER
9. Ribosomes10.Mitochondria11.Lysosomes12.Peroxisomes13.Golgi Apparatus
Include a key explaining your analogy.