Cell Structure and Function

Get out paper, pencil, any notes taken from book and class.

Be prepared to take notes!

Today we review and re-teach the parts of the cell. Use this to correct any mis-understanding you have about these parts!

Cell Structure and Function

KWL - The Cell

What do you know?

What do you want to know?

What have you learned?

a usually microscopic structure containing nuclear and cytoplasmic material enclosed by a semipermeable membrane and, in plants, a cell wall

the basic structural unit of all organisms.

Cell

Cell Organelles

Organelles

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Cells contain special parts called organelles.

endoplasmic reticulum

nucleus

Each organelle has a specific job to do to keep the cell functioning properly, much like an organ in our body does.

This is why they are called organelles.

cell

organelle

organelle

Organelles

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There are many different types of organelles.

endoplasmic reticulum

nucleus

Not all the different types are present in all cells.

The types of organelles present in a cell depend on the job the cell does.

cell

Animal and Plant Cells

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cell membrane

Some organelles are found in both plant and animal cells.

nucleus cytoplasm endoplasmic reticulum mitochondria

These include:

plant cell

animal cell

Plant Cells

Other organelles are present in plant cells but not in animal cells.

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cell wall large central vacuole chloroplast

plant cell

These include:

Question 1

A) All cells in an organism contain the same organelles.

B) Not all living organisms are made up of cells.C) Plant cells have organelles that are not

found in animal cells.

D) Plants and animals contain all the same organelles.

Which of the following statements about cells is true?

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Next >

Which of the following statements about cells is true?

Question 1

A) All cells in an organism contain the same organelles.

B) Not all living organisms are made up of cells.C) Plant cells have organelles that are not

found in animal cells.

D) Plants and animals contain all the same organelles.

Cell Membrane

Cell Membrane

Function: Regulates what enters

and leaves the cell

Provides protection and support

Structure: Double membrane

Flexible structure that forms a strong barrier between the cell and its surroundings

Cell Membrane

Function: Regulates what enters

and leaves the cell

Provides protection and support

Structure: Double membrane

Flexible structure that forms a strong barrier between the cell and its surroundings

Cell Wall

Cell Wall

Function: Provides support and

protection for the cell

Structure: Lies outside the cell

membrane

Found in plants, algae, fungi and many bacteria

NOT FOUND IN ANIMAL CELLS!

Cell Wall

Function: Provides support and

protection for the cell

Structure: Lies outside the cell

membrane

Found in plants, algae, fungi and many bacteria

NOT FOUND IN ANIMAL CELLS!

Cytoplasm

Cytoplasm is a watery substance inside a cell.

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cytoplasmChemicals needed by the cell are dissolved in the cytoplasm.

Nucleus

Nucleus-The control center

Function:

Contains almost all of the cell’s DNA

DNA is found on chromosomes which contain genetic information.

Nucleus-The control center

Structure: Surrounded by a

double membrane called a nuclear envelope (Nuclear Membrane). It is dotted with many pores (holes) to allow materials in and out of the nucleus.

Nucleus-The control center

Structure: Surrounded by a

double membrane called a nuclear envelope (Nuclear Membrane). It is dotted with many pores (holes) to allow materials in and out of the nucleus.

You have 3 minutes to compare your notes with a neighbor. Be sure to ask questions and fill in any blanks you may have in your notes at this time.

Vacuoles - Storage

Vacuoles - Storage

Function:Stores water, salts,

proteins and carbohydrates

Structure:Sac-likePlant cells have one

large central vacuoleAnimal cells have

many small vacuoles

Vacuoles - Storage

Function:Stores water, salts,

proteins and carbohydrates

Structure:Sac-likePlant cells have one

large central vacuoleAnimal cells have

many small vacuoles

Vacuoles - Storage

Function:Stores water, salts,

proteins and carbohydrates

Structure:Sac-likePlant cells have one

large central vacuoleAnimal cells have

many small vacuoles

Chloroplasts – Energy in Plants

Function: Captures energy from

the sun (solar energy) and changes it into food (chemical energy) for plants (photosynthesis)

Structure: Contains green pigment

called chlorophyll Not found in animal

cells!

Mitochondria - Energy

Function: Convert chemical

energy in food into materials easier for the cell to use.

Structure: Enclosed by two

membranes with the inner membrane folded up.

Contains it’s own DNA (unlike other organelles) that is identical to your mother’s!

Endoplasmic Reticulum

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endoplasmic reticulum

endoplasmic reticulum

It takes proteins and lipids (fats) to other parts of the cell.

Endoplasmic reticulum is the transport system of a cell.

Endoplasmic Reticulum

Rough endoplasmic reticulum has structures on it called ribosomes that make it look rough.

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ribosomes

endoplasmic reticulum

Ribosomes make the proteins that are carried by the endoplasmic reticulum.

Endoplasmic reticulum can be ‘smooth’ or ‘rough’.

You have 3 minutes to compare your notes with a neighbor. Be sure to ask questions and fill in any blanks you may have in your notes at this time.

Golgi Bodies

The Golgi bodies receive materials and other proteins from the endoplasmic reticulum, package them, and send them to other parts of the cell.

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Sometimes called the cell’s ‘Mailroom’

Individually, create a Venn Diagram for plant and animal cells.

Plant Cell Animal Cell

KWL - The Cell:Your ticket out the door

What do you know?

What do you want to know?

What have you learned?

1. Circle information that you heard in today’s notes

2. Asterik (*) next to questions you had answered today

3. Add new information learned