CELL ORGANELLES

Cell Wall Cell wall is strong and is made cellulose

wall outside the plasma membrane of

plant cells. The cell wall locate in Plant,

Fungi, & Bacteria, but not animal cells.

And also cell wall protect can give shape

and structure to the organism.

Cell Membrane Cell membrane is phospholipids bilayers that

enclosed the cytoplasm and subdivide the cell into

compartments (organelles), it locate in all cell. Plant

cell have it - inside the cell wall

Animal have it - outer layer; cholesterol. The cell

membrane Support, Protection, Controls movement

of materials in/out of cell, Barrier between cell and

its environment, maintains homeostasis.

Nucleus Nucleus is a large organelle that is surrounded

by a double-layered nuclear membrane,

containing pores that communicate with the

cytoplasm. It stains differently from cytoplasm

and often looks darer in prepared slides. The

nucleus contains genetic material (linear

chromosomes composed of DAN and protein)

and controls cellular activities.

Cytoplasm

Cytoplasm the fluid component of

cytoplasm, in which organelles are

located. All cells have cytoplasm,

it also Clear, thick, it Supports and

protects cell organelles.

Cytoplasm have about 80% of

water and 20 of other substance.

Endoplasmicret i cu lum (ER)

Endoplasmic reticulum is located in all

cells except prokaryotes. Endoplasmic

reticulum is a network of intracellular

membrane that links with the plasma membrane

and other membranous organelles. Endoplasmic

reticulum may be rough associated with

ribosome) or smooth (lacking ribosome). It is

involved with the production, processing,

transport and storage of materials within the

cell.

Ribosome

Ribosomes is a tiny organelles located in

the cytosol, sometimes associated with

endoplasm reticulum. They are sites of

production of protein. And made of RNA

& protein.

Mitochondrion

Mitochondria is an organelles

composed of many folded layers of

membrane. Mitochondria are

involved in the energy

transformation that release energy

for use by the cell. Mitochondria

also provide the energy a cell needs

to move, divide, produce secretary

products, contract - in short, they are

the power centres of the cell

Vacuole Vacuole is a membrane –bond, liquid-

filled spaces found in most cells in

variable numbers. Plants cells typically

have lager fluid-filled -vacuoles,

containing cell sap, that provide physical

support through turgidity and storage. In

other cells vacuole may be involved in

intracellular digestion (food vacuole) or

water balance (contractile vacuoles).

Chloroplast

Chloroplast is found in some plant

cells, a green organelle (due to the

presence of chlorophyll) in which

photosynthesis take place. It is

composed of many folded layers of

membrane.

Golgi apparatus

Golgi apparatus is a stack of flat

membrane sacs where the final

synthesis and packaging of proteins

into membrane-bound occurs before

they are secreted from the cell. It is

linked to the endoplasm reticulum.

Chromosomes

Chromosomes is darkly staining

structures in the nucleus that are

composed largely of DNA and

which carry he hereditary

information of the cell in the

form of genes. Found in constant

numbers inn body cells of a

particular species.

Cytosol Cytosol is the fluid component of

cytoplasm, in which organelles are

located.

Ves i c l e s

Vesicles is a membrane-bound

organelles often associated with

transport in cell. A vesicle is a bubble

of liquid within another liquid,

a supramolecular assembly made up

of many different molecules. vesicle

is a small membrane-enclosed sack

that can store or transport substances.

Tonop la s t

Tonoplast is the vacuole

membrane in plant cells;

regulates the movement of

substance into and out of the

vacuole.

Lysosomes

Liposomes is a membrane –bound vesicles containing powerful enzymes that break down debris and foreign material; present in most animal cells.

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