cell division mitosis vs. meiosis ….the battle continues
TRANSCRIPT
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Cell Division
Mitosis vs. Meiosis
….the battle continues
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Mitosis• Type = Asexual
reproduction
• Growth, maintenance, and repair
• Takes place in somatic (body) cells
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Cell Cycle
• Interphase Cells are in interphase 90% of the time.
– G1- growth– S - chromosome
replication– G2- Prepare for mitosis
• Mitosis (nuclear division)
• Cytokinesis (cytoplasmic division)
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Overview of Mitosis
Mama Cell=2n (diploid)
Daughter cell= 2n
(diploid)
Daughter cell= 2n
(diploid)
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Interphase (pre game show)
• Chromosomes are copied (# doubles)
• Chromosomes appear as threadlike coils (chromatin) at the start, but each chromosome and its copy(sister chromosome) change to sister chromatids at end of this phase
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PROPHASECENTRIOLES APPEAR AND MOVE TO OPPOSITE ENDS OF THE CELL
Spindle fibers form between centrioles
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METAPHASE
• Chromosomes “meet” in the middle. Spindle fibers attach to the centromere of each chromosome.
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ANAPHASE
• Sister chromatids separate from each other and are “pulled” to opposite ends of the cell.
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Telophase• Cell plate forms and cell membrane
begins pinching in= “cleavage.”• Chromosomes look like threads
(chromatin) again. Nuclear envelope forms again.
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Cytokinesis
• Division of the cytoplasm• Cell membrane completely pinches
off.• Cycle starts again.
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Rounds of Cell Division
• One
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Number of daughter cells
• Two, each identical to each other and the parent.
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Meiosis
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Meiosis• Type: Sexual
Reproduction
• Purpose: To create haploid gametes
• Takes place in gametes (sex cells/egg and sperm cells)
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Meiosis• Types of cells that undergo
meiosis: Gametes (sex cells)– Egg and sperm
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Meiosis: Overview
Parent Cell: diploid= 2n
After Meiosis I
After Meiosis II
Daughter Cells:Haploid= n ; and all genetically different from eachother and parent cell
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???
Why would it be important for the gametes to contain half as many chromosomes
as a somatic cell?
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Meiosis IProphase I: Crossing Over occurs to create genetic variability.
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Meiosis I: Metaphase I
• Homologous chromosomes line up in the middle different from mitosis!
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Meiosis I: Anaphase I
• Chromosomes pull apart
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Meiosis I: Telophase I
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Meiosis II
•2nd round of division
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Meiosis II: Prophase II•2 cells now
•Centrioles appear and move to opposite ends
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Meiosis II: Metaphase II
• Chromosomes line up in the middle
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Meiosis II: Anaphase II•Sister chromatids pull apart and move to opposite ends
DRAW IT YOURSELF
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Telophase II
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Chromosome number in Meiosis
• Mother cell-2n (Diploid)
• Daughter cells- n (Haploid)
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Round of cell division
• Two
• Illustrate mother cell with four chromosomes (2n) and daughter cells with two chromosomes (n) in each. Make sure to include replication before meiosis I.
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Number of daughter cells
• Four
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Let’s compare!
• http://www.teachersdomain.org/resources/tdc02/sci/life/gen/mitosis/index.html
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Ticket to the Lab
• Name 3 key differences between mitosis and meiosis on your foldable.