ceid annual seminar 2012ceid annual seminar … annual seminar 2012ceid annual seminar 2012 ......

CEID Annual Seminar 2012CEID Annual Seminar 2012

O Y Mi dOpen Your Mind: Technology for SystematicTechnology for Systematic

Inventing

Leonid Chechurin,Leonid Chechurin, Innovatics Theory Dept., Head, SPb State Politech University

cepreu4@gmail [email protected]

LUT 21 March 2012LUT, 21 March 2012

Chechurin, Leonid1993 – Graduated from Physics and Mechanics Dept. of SPbSPU

Chechurin, Leonid

1997 – received PhD in System Theory at Technical Cybernetics Dept. of SpbSPU1998 1999 invited Professor at Kum Oh National University of1998-1999 – invited Professor at Kum-Oh National University of Technology, South Korea1999-2001 – TRIZ consultant at Samsung Monitor Company (Seoul, South Korea)2001 – currently – Head of Innovatics Theory Dept. of SPbSPU2005 2006 Engineer for Design Engineering Group at LG Electronics2005-2006 – Engineer for Design Engineering Group at LG Electronics Production Engineering Research Institute (Osan, South Korea)2007- 2011 – TRIZ consultant at Algorithm (Gen3 Partners, Inc.) company (supplier for GE, Siemens, Wrigley, BAT, FMC, …) 2010 – received Doctor of Science Degree in Robustness Analysis of Dynamic SystemsDynamic Systems2011 Sept-November – Research Fellowship at Politecnico di Milano (Italy)

ContentsContentsContentsContents

Introduction. Creativity in Engineering,Introduction. Creativity in Engineering,

TRIZ inside Theor and methodologTRIZ inside. Theory and methodology outlines

TRIZ acceptance by the industry andTRIZ acceptance by the industry and academia

TRIZ: Теория Решения Изобретательских Задач

<Teorija Resheniya Izobretatel’skih<Teorija Resheniya Izobretatel skihZadach> =

Theory for Inventive Problem S l i (TIPS)Solving (TIPS)

What does it mean “to improve a pproduct, technology of service”?

1. Optimizing within a given structure over i t f t ( ll d l dgiven set of parameters (well developed

or heuristic methods of optimization)p )2. Development of new structure, new

t id i ti /i ticoncept, idea: invention/innovation

Optimization can be assisted by a number of powerful optimizing tools, but it is still the best choice from a given box “thinking in the box”the best choice from a given box, “thinking in the box”Finding innovative concept is not assisted by formal procedures, because formally speaking it is … incorrect problem set up or “Thinking out of the box”. There are first attempts only to enter this domain like topology optimization.

Picture source: Minimizing the acoustic coupling of fluid loaded plates using topology optimization. Khalid H Almitani, PhD Dissertation, University of Maryland: 2009

Abstract available at http://www.grin.com/en/doc/271915/minimizing-the-acoustic-coupling-of-fluid-loaded-plates-using-topology

Difficulties of InnovationsDifficulties of Innovations

3 000 Raw Ideas

10,000Innovations are

Difficult and Risky3,000 Raw Ideas

300 Solid Ideas

1000

Difficult and Risky

300 Solid Ideas

125 Projects100

9 Early Stage Developments104 In-Depth Developments

1.7 Market Enterings

1 Success1 1 Success1

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Stages of New Product DevelopmentSource: G. Stevens and J. Burley, “3,000 Raw Ideas = 1 Commercial Success!” Research•Technology Management, 40(3): 16-27, May-June, 1997.

Product Development

S th P bl tSo, the Problem set up1. Innovation is the (only) way to survive in market economy.

[1] B.Klein “Dynamic Economy” Harvard Univ. Press, 1977

2 Innovations are risky Proper idea means a lot for the success

[1] B.Klein Dynamic Economy Harvard Univ. Press, 1977[2] Export/Import balances in royalties of developed countries

2. Innovations are risky. Proper idea means a lot for the success.

[3] G. Stevens and J. Burley, “3,000 Raw Ideas = 1 Commercial Success!” Research•Technology Management 40(3): 16-27 May-June 1997

3. Everything is CAD-ed, automated and/or virtualized. But conceptual design (design of idea) is not still

Research Technology Management, 40(3): 16 27, May June, 1997.

design (design of idea) is not still.

Design ManufacturingBefore CAD/CAM

Idea

Design ManufacturingAfter CAD/CAM (private evaluation based on experience)

Idea g g

[4] S.Pugh “Total Design” Addison-Wesley Publishing Company, UK, 1991

Innovation software kitSome of computer-aided technologies

Product Design

M ti M ti

Computer-aided architectural design (CAAD)Computer-aided design and drafting (CADD)Computer-aided industrial design (CAID)

? Drawing(Product)

Motionsimulation

(kinematics)

Motionsimulation(dynamics)

Simulation offields

Computer-aided engineering (CAE);Computer-aided manufacturing capability (CAMC);Computer-aided manufacturing (CAM);

?Manufacturing Process Design (Physical)

DrawingMotion

i l tiMotion

i l tiSimulation of

Computer-aided material information (CAMI);Computer-aided package selection (CAPS);Computer-aided process planning (CAPP)C t id d ft i i (CASE)Drawing

(Equipment)simulation

(kinematics)simulation(dynamics)

fieldsProduct

Data

Computer-aided software engineering (CASE);Component information system (CIS);Coordinate measurement (CMM);Electronic design automation (EDA);

Manufacturing Process Design (Operational)

E t i

Electronic design automation (EDA);Enterprise resource planning (ERP);Manufacturing Process Management (MPM)Manufacturing process planning (MPP);

Product/ProcessData

Technical Data Processing

EnterpriseResource Planning

EnterpriseOperation

Manufacturing process planning (MPP);Manufacturing resource planning (MRP);Product data management (PDM)Product lifecycle management (PLM)Product lifecycle management (PLM)Reverse engineering (RE)

Example of Conceptual Design: Moon Car Headlight bulb (196X USSR)Headlight bulb (196X, USSR)

2nd Example from Airspace IndustryIndustry

“Solution”

C i h Counter-weightCounter-weight Counter-weight

“The rocket holds itself”The rocket holds itself

Creativity: who is on the market?Creativity: who is on the market? Brainstorming (Osborn 1930x) Brainstorming (Osborn, 1930x) Morphological box (Zwick, 1942)

S ti (G d 1944) Synectics (Gordon, 1944) (?) General methods of Quality ( ) y

improvement: TQM, 6 sigma, QFD, others

Theory of inventive problem solving -TRIZ (G Altshuller 1956)TRIZ (G.Altshuller, 1956)




TRIZ acceptance by the industry andTRIZ acceptance by the industry and academia.

Short history of TRIZ First publication in 1956. A method

of inventive thinking for engineersof inventive thinking for engineers, Based on the analysis of 40.000+ y

patents,Genrikh Altschuller, the founder of TRIZ

Was widely accepted at big manufacturing plants in the USSR

(1924-1998)

manufacturing plants in the USSR(Leningrad, Minsk, Kishinev, …).

TRIZ TodayClients: Ford Motor Company, Chrysler, Renault, Procter & Gamble, Oracle, Samsung Group, LG Group, POSCO, General Motors, General Electric, Intel, Wrigley, Alcoa,…

Service providers: (education/consulting) Algorithm (Russia, St.Petersburg)+Gen3 Partners (Boston, MA), Insyntec (Holland), CREAX, Systematic Innovations, School for Innovatics of SPbSPU,

Software: Knowledgist®, TechOptimizer® -> Goldfire (Invention Machine Co., Boston, MA), Co-Brain®, etc

“Competitors”: Trial and Error, Brainstorming, 6σ, TQM, 6 sigma, Taguchi method, fishbone analysis, othersy

TRIZ world: International Association of TRIZ (MATRIZ), ETRIA, RuTRIZ, TRIZ expert certification, TRIZ e-proceedings, web-sites and books.

Wh t i i id TRIZ?What is inside TRIZ? A way of (functional) modeling of a technical

system or a product. Formalism of modifying the models to

improve them. A set of best engineering practices to apply

the required modification to real system (C t di ti Eli i ti T h i Id l(Contradiction Elimination Techniques, Ideal Final Result Concept)T d f T i l E i i S t Trends of Typical Engineering System evolutionAl ith f b tt h d l i f Algorithms for better search and analysis of patents and technical information.

Modeling… why?

Formalism

λλ= β=β=/2World of Ideas

modeling interpreting,realization

“Reality”

I i i l Si i N Si iTrial and Error Method

Initial Situation New Situation

Modeling: ExamplesModeling: Examples1. Situation: cup drop Math model of free movement of a

body in gravity field

)( gtx

0

0

)0()0()(

xxxxg

where x(t) – linear coordinate of a body of mass 1, g – gravity constant.. etc

2. Situation: Operation of Function model in IDEF0 standardcompany department

Abstract Modeling Techniquesg q

Verbal model,

Function Model

Flow Model Mathematical model

St ti D iDrawing Static Dynamic

Description A Graph A Graph of System of System of pof the object and its functioning

pcontaining system elements and their

pFunction modelwhere certainparameters are

yequations describing the interactions of

yequations describing the interactions of

by natural language

interactions in the form of Functions

observed in their distribution

elements with each other and the environment

elements with each other and the

(“Flow”) over elements or operation time

environment in the past and in the

tpresent

Complex, speaks language thatis not understood by many Requires clear

Easy“Does not require mathematics!” is not understood by many. Requires clear

problem setup. Provides measurable results, has powerful model manipulation toolboxes

Does not require mathematics!Good for structural decisions only

No measurable quality index

Example. Trend of Dynamization and Adaptivity increase

Self-adaptive system

Adaptive system Y

R bAL

IT

Robustsystem

IDE

A

Rigid systemsystem

T I M E

Example: A Chair

?

initial robust(optimal)

adaptive Self-adaptive(optimal)

Example: A web-site interfaceExample: A web site interface design

DobroBienvenido!pozhalovat’! Bienvenido!

Welcome, Leonid!Your neck-tie is terrific.

rigid robust adaptive self-adaptive

Example of self-adaptivity: Apple iP diPod

US 20060107822 A1M i h i tiMusic synchronization

arrangement May 25, 2006

S lf d ti

Adaptive system

ITY

Self-adaptive system

Robust system

IDE

AL

IRigid

system

T I M E

Example: Technical ContradictionsEli i i T h iElimination Technique

BBE

TT

ER

PanelSize

SMstability

R W

O( , ((OR

SE

CRT panel has to be big,p gbut bigger Shadow Mask is unstable

Example: pFrench Door Refrigerator DIOS

Drawer sliding rail ( 2 kGf)

Problem

Drawer sliding rail (~2 kGf)

Problem decomposition

Drawer sealing with magnet strip ( 3 kGf)High drawer opening force (6 7 kGf)

Contradiction: For good energy efficiency the drawer sealing should be

Drawer sealing with magnet strip (~3 kGf)High drawer opening force (6..7 kGf)

Contradiction: For good energy efficiency the drawer sealing should be strong. But for easy opening it should be weak.

IFR: Perfect sealing being closed, zero resistance being opened. No changes in manufacturing

Easy Door Open

1. Drawer sliding railPresent

g

Rail Slider Spring ContradictionsContradictions

- should be strong to prove complete closing

- should be weak to open door easily

New Idea

p y

S ti i ti &TRIZ principles TRIZ principles

Separation in time & space

Reduce 17% opening forceEffectEffect

New idea can satisfy both open and closing situationVirtual prototyping

2. Drawer Sealing design

Current design Door

body

Current design

Door

bodyy

«Breaking the symmetry» idea

Virtual prototypingNew design

Implemented in all LG refrigerators, patented in Korea EU and USA without my name among inventors patented in Korea, EU and USA… without my name among inventors

In entingInventing:

Non Systematic3 years ago there was a similar problem in my uncle’s company….

Non-Systematicy g p y p y

?How about changing of color?..

We have to come up with FEM for all mechanics!!

Systematic InventingFunctional Modeling

Systematic Inventing

Contradictions

Trends

OT, OZ, IFR?

Contradiction Elimination

, ,

Concept of Solution

Not goodEvaluation

Good

Report

Example of the automation of Function Modeling

z

xy

Introducing trimming and function ranking to SolidWorks based on function analysisIntroducing trimming and function ranking to SolidWorks based on function analysisLeonid S. Chechurin, Wessel W. Wits, Hans M. Bakker & Tom H.J. VanekerIn Proceedings of the TRIZ Future Conference, Dublin, Ireland, pp. 215-225, 2-4 November 2011

Where to Apply?Where to Apply?P d t I t & P I t Product Improvement & Process Improvement

New Product Development & New Process Development T h l F ti Technology Forecasting

IP Strategy Development Design for Recycling and Reuse Innovation Opportunity Assessment Leveraging Technology Core Competence Technology Validation

T h l E l ti (T h i l D Dili ) Technology Evaluation (Technical Due Diligence) Technology Search Failure Exploration and Elimination Failure Exploration and Elimination Innovation Portfolio Analysis

Some quotations:"TRIZ as a creative approach to design has been the most valuable tool I've ever been exposed to in my engineering career. It is a necessary ingredient

f i i I h d d th TRIZ t th ifor reengineering. I have recommended the TRIZ courses to others in my company."

Mario Fantoni,Director (former), Oracle

"The ultimate worldwide impact of TRIZ upon technology driven businessesThe ultimate worldwide impact of TRIZ upon technology driven businesses could easily match the impact of CAD systems on new product design."James P. Dunn, Director (former), CTC, NASA Regional Technology

Transfer Center




TRIZ acceptance by the industry andTRIZ acceptance by the industry and academia.

Industry TRIZ usersTRIZ has shared in the success of hundreds of companies and i di id l ld id O i iindividuals worldwide. Our position as a technological leader in the inventive problem-solving arena is the result of their visions, their ability to reach beyond the obvious andto reach beyond the obvious, and their unwavering commitment to excellence. Collectively, they serve as the catalyst that challenges us to continue to develop and advance ourcontinue to develop and advance our products and services. A few of them are:

A.Kynin Examples MLCC‐10083139

http://www.envisage-consultancy.com/clients.htm

Some TRIZ Success Cases

Boeing 767 refueling system by Boeingg g y y gTRIZ helped to develop a new refueling system forrefueling system forBoeing 767 aircraft, which resulted in extra sales of 1.5 billion US dollars.“A TRIZ k h l ti“A TRIZ workshop solution was developed for the 767 Tanker (air-to-air refueling) aircraft project. As a result of that TRIZ solution, the program was successfully launched with a customer who preferred thewith a customer who preferred the TRIZ solution over the competitions solution for the same system, thereby ordering aircraft from Boeing “ordering aircraft from Boeing.

Don MasingaleAd d R h E i iAdvanced Research Engineering Program Manager,Boeing, USA

http://www.xtriz.com/documents/TRIZSuccessCases.pdf

Crest Whitestrips by Procter & Gamble(Gen 3 Partners Project)(Gen 3 Partners Project)

“TRIZ was used to develop Crest Whi i ™ f P & G bl (P&G)Whitestrips™ for Procter & Gamble (P&G). From a TRIZ perspective, the key problem was that tooth whitener should be on the teeth to bleach, and it should not be on the teeth to avoid contact with saliva. A TRIZ concept, a thin flexible film saturated withconcept, a thin flexible film saturated with whitener that selectively adhered to teeth, proved to be the answer. Whitestrips was P&G's most successful product launchP&G s most successful product launch ever, generating $130 million dollars of sales in the first year of operation while

t i 45% f th hit icapturing over 45% of the whitening market.”Larry R. SmithPresident, Altshuller Institute for TRIZ Studies, Inc, USA

http://www.xtriz.com/documents/TRIZSuccessCases.pdf

TRIZ at AcademiaTRIZ in SCOPUS-indexed publications

Number of Publications

YearYear

Main Publishers of TRIZ papersJournal Amount of

P

Main Publishers of TRIZ papers

Papers

Procedia Engineering 60

Advanced Materials Research 31

IFIP International Federation for Information Processing 25

Computers in Industry 12

Jisuanji Jicheng Zhizao Xitong Computer Integrated Manufacturing S t CIMS

12Systems CIMS

Zhongguo Jixie Gongcheng China Mechanical Engineering 10

ASEE A l C f d E iti C f P di 10ASEE Annual Conference and Exposition Conference Proceedings 10

International Journal of Product Development 10

E t S t ith A li ti 9Expert Systems with Applications 9

Lecture Notes in Computer Science Including Subseries Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence and Lecture Notes in

9Notes in Artificial Intelligence and Lecture Notes in

Bioinformatics

TRIZ t A d iTRIZ at AcademiaWorld: see matriz.org “TRIZ at Academia”.

Russia: Part of Obligatory Curricula for the Russian Universities licensed to teach Innovatics (60 Universities) –Universities licensed to teach Innovatics (60 Universities) –part of “Federal Educational Standard”

Finland: Kalevi Rantanen (TRIZ OY, Finland): a number of seminars with a Finnish youth organization consultingseminars with a Finnish youth organization, consulting, science/engineering journalism (kalevi rantanen@kolumbus fi )([email protected] )Prof. Asko Riitahuhta (University of Tampere)

Conclusions1. Creativity can be taught (…or outsourced)outsourced)2. Conceptual Design can be systematic, assisted by a methodologymethodology3. TRIZ acceptance is growing, faster i i d t th i i din industry then in science and academia.

Thank you!

and visit the first TRIZ conference…and visit the first TRIZ-conference in Finland!!

TRIZfest-2012TRIZfest-2012

L t U i it f T h lLappenranta University of Technology,Aug 2-4, 2012

http://www lut fi/trizfest2012http://www.lut.fi/trizfest2012

Annex: Some Examples and pDiscussions

?

Why Real Mathematician is not the best partner for Engineerfor Engineer

Model of the problemExample or Engineering Problem

Reaction of a mathematician

1. Find the best candidate over 1. Good problem!1. Optimize the

t f

pEngineering Problem mathematician

candidate over the given discrete space f ti

amount of spikes in the spike wheel of options

2. Find the best 2. Challenging but

spike wheel

2. Optimize the fil f th 2. Find the best

candidate over the given infinite

t f ti

good problem!profile of the spike

set of options

3. Find the best 3. “Your problem is 3. “Optimize” the

wheel design bi i 3. Find the best

candidate over the indefinite

( ) f

not well-defined”.

combining available technologies, space(s) of

options…

technologies, materials, …

DiscussionThe easiest way to improve the situation that is described by the

mathematical model is to optimize. That is what is taught in p guniversities! So, “math is needed for optimization” attitude

M th ti i lik i f t t i fil d (“N liMathematicians, like engineers, prefer to stay in one filed (“Nonlinear Equations”, “Control Theory”, “Oscillation theory”… It is also thinking inertia that can result in unnecessary limitations.y

“Mathematics is the art of giving the same name to different things” (Henri P i )Poincare)

99% of real life engineering problems would be called “incorrect g g pproblems” by mathematicians. Problem description and the goal are unclear

What “small changes” mean for a mathematical model? Sometimes it is possible to introduce a quantitive index of “simplicity” in math,

“Ssometimes not. “Simple” in mathematics is not necessarily simple in physical realization. (But it is true for TRIZ as well…)

Example 1: History of the Problem of p yRotation at required rate

?

Ancient example: How to grill a piece of food properly while the fire is not uniform (sometimes weak, sometimes strong)?


S d d A i S l i Hi OStandard Ancient Solution: Hire Operator


S d d A i E l i S C ll D iStandard Automation Era solution: Sensors, Controller, Drive.


I i f L d d Vi i (XVI ) G ill i lfInvention of Leonardo da Vinci (XVI century): Grill rotates itself


Industrial era example: How to ensure constant rotational rate of a steam-driven machine while load profile is not uniform (sometimes idle, sometimes loaded)?


steam supply valvesteam supply valve

Invention of James Watt (1788): Automatic (“itself”) steam supply i

rotation at a certain rate

governing

No mathematics involved, but… it turned out to be unstable:

ω(t), rotational rate

t, time

Example 1: History of the Problem of R t ti t i d tRotation at required rate

00123 xaxaxaxa

Only analysis of mathematical model of governed (closed loop) machine dynamicsOnly analysis of mathematical model of governed (closed loop) machine dynamics by J.Maxwell and I.Vyshnegradsky (1868—1876) lead to inventions that changed the structure of the governor (introduction of additional friction element, changing the geometry of governor). Photos below: Collection of improved Watt governors atthe geometry of governor). Photos below: Collection of improved Watt governors at Baumana State Technical University Museum (Moscow)

Example 2: History of the Problem of p yRotation (at required rate)

Vibration reduction: How to reduce rotating shaft vibration while any shaft has an offset?

Mathematical model of Rotating body dynamics is complex (nonlinear) and full of interestingcomplex (nonlinear) and full of interesting phenomena. These phenomena could be used for rotor self-stabilization (Ideal Final Result), like

t ti b d th “ iti l d” iti ithrotating beyond the “critical speed” or cavities with small masses (balls) in the rotor body.

A Brief History andvState of the Art of Rotor Dynamics, By Dr. Rajiv Tiwari, Department of MechanicalA Brief History andvState of the Art of Rotor Dynamics, By Dr. Rajiv Tiwari, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Short Term Course on Theory & Practice of Rotor Dynamics(15-19 Dec 2008) http://www.iitg.ernet.in/engfac/rtiwari/resume/rtiwari01.pdf

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