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New UrbanismTheory and Practice

• New Urbanist principles

• Established neighborhoods

• Recent attempts at New Urbanist design

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New Urbanist Principles• Neighborhoods compact, pedestrian-friendly, and mixed-use.• Many activities of daily living should occur within walking distance.

Street networks to encourage walking, reduce the number and length of automobile trips.

• A broad range of housing types and price levels. Diverse ages, races, and incomes essential to an authentic community.

• Transit corridors can help organize metropolitan structure. Appropriate building densities and land uses should be within walking distance of transit stops.

• Concentrations of civic, institutional, and commercial activity embedded in neighborhoods. Schools sized and located to enable children to walk or bicycle to them.

• A range of parks, from tot-lots and village greens to ballfields and community gardens, distributed within neighborhoods. Conservation areas and open lands to define and connect different neighborhoods.

Source: Congress for the New Urbanism, www.cnu.org

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Established Neighborhoods

• Delft, since 1200s

• Meridian-Kessler (Indianapolis), since 1900

• Oakwood OH, since 1913

• Mariemont OH, since 1924

• St. Lawrence-McAllister (Lafayette), since 1880s

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Delft, The Netherlands

• 90,000 pop in 7.7 sq mi = 11,700 density

• Mixed land use• Walkable• Bicycle-friendly• Transit provisions• Neighborhood schools• Neighborhood parks• Open space

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Meridian-Kessler Neighborhood

• 3 mi x 1 mi• S edge 4 mi N of

Monument Circle• Pop density?

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54th and College: Commercial node

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Meridian-Kessler Neighborhood

• Interurban rail stops• Variety of

businesses and hours of operation

• Business turnover, building reuse

• Surrounded by DUs• HH incomes• NMT?

College Avenue at 54th Street

Daugherty, et al.

Hair Salon

Citizens Action Coalition

A/C sales and service

Clockworks

Bokay Florist

Newsstand

The News Cafe

Middle Eastern Restaurant

Army-Navy Surplus

C O L L E G E

A V E N U E

Vacant building (Was Atlas Supermarket.

Will be razed for Arthur’s Fresh Market

in 2005. Parking lot now used by customers of

businesses nearby.) Parking Lot

Vacant (CATH Inc.

Coffee House closed 22 Sep 04)

54th Street

54th Street

Moe and Johnny’s Restaurant and Coffee House

(3 entry doors?)

C O L L E G E

A V E N U E

Jazz CATH Hit City Antiques Kitchen Bakery Studio

Piano Merchant

Yats Cajun Creole Restaurant

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Oakwood OH• Old development preserved and/or updated

• Parks and schools• Scale 1.5 x ¾ mi

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Oakwood OH

• Businesses along busy streets at neighborhood edges

• Frontage roads vs. driveways (store access, parking)

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Some mixed use neighborhoods work (Oakwood OH)

Supermarket street side Parking lot behind store

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St. Lawrence-McAllister

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St. Lawrence-McAllister

• Small lots

• Mostly R1

• DUs per acre?

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Businesses along Schuyler Ave.

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New Urbanist Design is not always popular

• St. Lawrence-McAllister Neighborhood meetings

• Thriving neighborhood center means vehicle traffic from outside

• “Acceptable”: Businesses on edge on neighborhood

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Orenco OR

• Main street on front edge• Multiuse buildings in front• Parking behind them• Apartments as buffer• Residential behind apts.• ½ mile from rail transit

• <Orenco photos??>

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Orenco (2)

• Buffer apartments • Single Family DUs

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Orenco (3)

• Density, alleys • HH income range?

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Questions about New Urbanism

• Do recent attempts capture its essence?

• Is there a market for it?

• What can planners do?

• What should planners do?