cdm in mongolia

CDM IN MONGOLIA CDM IN MONGOLIA

Mr. B.PUREVDORJ CDM-DNA Mongolia

International Cooperation DepartmentMinistry for Nature & Environment

CDM IN MONGOLIACDM IN MONGOLIA

Mongolia ratified the Kyoto Protocol in 1999

The Government of Mongolia signed UNFCCC in 1992 at The Government of Mongolia signed UNFCCC in 1992 at the Rio Conference, and the Parliament ratified it in 1993the Rio Conference, and the Parliament ratified it in 1993

Climate ChangeClimate Change

63 years data of Mongolia’s hydro-meteorological observation:63 years data of Mongolia’s hydro-meteorological observation:

The annual average air temperature has been increased 1.56 The annual average air temperature has been increased 1.56 degrees Celsiusdegrees Celsius- in winter season by 3.6 degrees- in winter season by 3.6 degrees- in spring and fall seasons by 1.4-1.5 degrees - in spring and fall seasons by 1.4-1.5 degrees - in summer season by 0.3 degrees - in summer season by 0.3 degrees

Annual Temperature Deviation /1940-2003/

y = 0.0307x - 60.564 R 2 = 0.4168

-2.5 -2.0 -1.5 -1.0 -0.5 0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5

1940 1950 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000 2010

year

t-norm


Annual Precipitation Deviation /1940-2003/

y = -0.0021x + 4.0523R2 = 0.0048

-1.5

-1.0

-0.5

0.0

0.5

1.0

1.5

1940 1950 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000 2010

year

rr-n

orm

In coincidence with the warming process, precipitation In coincidence with the warming process, precipitation volume had been reducing in the last 60 years by about volume had been reducing in the last 60 years by about 11 percent on the average.11 percent on the average.


Last 10 years Last 10 years

- Mongolia’s arid area extended by 3.4 percent, - Mongolia’s arid area extended by 3.4 percent, - area of lands affected by desertification impact extended by- area of lands affected by desertification impact extended by5.4 times, 5.4 times, - seriously desertificated area was extended by 1.8 times. - seriously desertificated area was extended by 1.8 times.

As a whole, desertification has been seriously existing in the As a whole, desertification has been seriously existing in the Gobi desert region, which occupies Gobi desert region, which occupies 41.341.3 percent or percent or 647,000 647,000 square kilometers of country’s territory. square kilometers of country’s territory.


Sufficient enough studies and research Sufficient enough studies and research works have been done in terms of climate works have been done in terms of climate change and its impacts and now focusing change and its impacts and now focusing more on possible adaptation options. more on possible adaptation options. Developed the National Programme on Developed the National Programme on Climate ChangeClimate Change

National GHG InventoryNational GHG Inventory Studies on climate change impacts on Studies on climate change impacts on

various sectorsvarious sectors


NATIONAL COMMITTEE ON CLIMATE CHANGENATIONAL COMMITTEE ON CLIMATE CHANGE

National Committee on Climate Change was established in National Committee on Climate Change was established in 2002 chaired by the Minister of Nature & Environment with 2002 chaired by the Minister of Nature & Environment with high level representation from the several relevant high level representation from the several relevant ministries and in addition from the Mongolian Academy of ministries and in addition from the Mongolian Academy of Science, National Council for Sustainable Development, Science, National Council for Sustainable Development, Hydro-Meteorological Institute and NGO.Hydro-Meteorological Institute and NGO.

It has three Working Groups:It has three Working Groups:

For Public-Private PartnershipFor Public-Private PartnershipFor Clean Development MechanismFor Clean Development Mechanism

For Energy EfficiencyFor Energy Efficiency


ESTABLISHMENT OF CDM-DNA MONGOLIAESTABLISHMENT OF CDM-DNA MONGOLIA

19 NOVEMBER 200419 NOVEMBER 2004


Structure: Composes of representatives from the following Structure: Composes of representatives from the following organizations and institutions, including:organizations and institutions, including:

•Ministry for Nature & EnvironmentMinistry for Nature & Environment•Ministry of Fuel & EnergyMinistry of Fuel & Energy•Ministry of Industry & TradeMinistry of Industry & Trade•Ministry of Finance & EconomicsMinistry of Finance & Economics•Scientific OrganizationsScientific Organizations•NGOsNGOs•Private SectorPrivate Sector

DNA establishes an Expert Group, which is responsible for DNA establishes an Expert Group, which is responsible for validation & verification process.validation & verification process.

DNA’s Role

•Act as country’s focal point for CDM•Facilitate project development•Provide technical guidance to companies•Conclude bilateral agreements•Project approval•Market studies and project identification•Implementation Monitoring•Awareness raising through domestic and international outreach efforts (meetings with relevant companies, organizations and organize workshops, conferences etc. communicate relevant Kyoto information to companies)•International outreach to countries listed in Annex 1.


Project approval process shall be Project approval process shall be simple and avoid hindrances to the simple and avoid hindrances to the projects proposed.projects proposed.

Proponent submits proposal to DNA Proponent submits proposal to DNA and DNA instructs Expert Group for and DNA instructs Expert Group for validation & verification, and basing validation & verification, and basing on the results of EG works, DNA on the results of EG works, DNA issues the letters.issues the letters.


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carbon dioxide, mg/m3 sulphur dioxide, mkg/m3 nitrogen dioxide, mkg/m3

Only in Ulaanbaatar city 3 million tons of coal is burned every year. If Only in Ulaanbaatar city 3 million tons of coal is burned every year. If we also add thousands of auto vehicles, mining, unified waste we also add thousands of auto vehicles, mining, unified waste disposal, cement and construction materials industries in it, there will disposal, cement and construction materials industries in it, there will be enormous number of emission.be enormous number of emission.


Mongolia is rated as a country having above average Mongolia is rated as a country having above average greenhouse gas level per capita. Thus, clean technology policy greenhouse gas level per capita. Thus, clean technology policy is required to be implemented in the next 5 to 10 years. is required to be implemented in the next 5 to 10 years.

Financial mechanism and resources are main barrier for Financial mechanism and resources are main barrier for adopting leading technologies and efficient manufacturing adopting leading technologies and efficient manufacturing practices. practices.

Energy sector in Mongolia is using fossil fuel (almost 100 Energy sector in Mongolia is using fossil fuel (almost 100 percent coal-fired).percent coal-fired).


POTENTIAL PROJECT SECTORSPOTENTIAL PROJECT SECTORS

Mongolia divides projects into 5 bundles for CDM, Mongolia divides projects into 5 bundles for CDM, depending on the size of projects.:depending on the size of projects.:

Heat efficiency (heat only boilers, thermal Heat efficiency (heat only boilers, thermal stations, fuel)stations, fuel)

Renewable energy (wind, hydro, solar)Renewable energy (wind, hydro, solar) Greening (afforestation, reforestation, any other Greening (afforestation, reforestation, any other

plantation) plantation) Environmental pollution (waste management, Environmental pollution (waste management,

sewage treatment facilities, air pollution)sewage treatment facilities, air pollution) Technology transfer (cement, metallurgic, Technology transfer (cement, metallurgic,

construction materials factories)construction materials factories)


Project under Discussion:Project under Discussion:

Improved Household Stoves Project” (IHSP) sponsored by Improved Household Stoves Project” (IHSP) sponsored by WB/GEF. This project involves efficiency improvements of WB/GEF. This project involves efficiency improvements of coal-fired household stoves used in the coal-fired household stoves used in the gerger (traditional (traditional round Mongolian tents) areas of UB city for heating and round Mongolian tents) areas of UB city for heating and cooking purposes, through:cooking purposes, through:

-Introduction of more energy efficient household stoves -Introduction of more energy efficient household stoves (“modern” stoves)(“modern” stoves)-Improvements in household stoves already in use -Improvements in household stoves already in use (adapted/modified standard stoves)(adapted/modified standard stoves)

Inefficient coal-fired household stoves in ger districts Inefficient coal-fired household stoves in ger districts in UB are responsible for a large part of air pollution in UB are responsible for a large part of air pollution in UB, in particular because of temperature in UB, in particular because of temperature inversions in winter, combined with the location of inversions in winter, combined with the location of UB in a valley surrounded by mountains.UB in a valley surrounded by mountains.



The project displaces lower efficiency coal-fired household stoves The project displaces lower efficiency coal-fired household stoves by:by:

Introducing more efficient stoves;Introducing more efficient stoves; Improving existing stovesImproving existing stoves Both these changes would not happen in absence of financial Both these changes would not happen in absence of financial

assistance from international sources, may be through CDM – i.e. assistance from international sources, may be through CDM – i.e. the present, inefficient household stoves would remain in use.the present, inefficient household stoves would remain in use.

The reason is that although the energy cost savings are sufficient The reason is that although the energy cost savings are sufficient to justify the initial outlay for the improved or new stoves, the to justify the initial outlay for the improved or new stoves, the target population lacks the financial means to finance this on their target population lacks the financial means to finance this on their own.own.

It is also very difficult to collect payments due. It is also very difficult to collect payments due.

This case, The MNE can be owner of the project and give subsidies This case, The MNE can be owner of the project and give subsidies to the households.to the households.

Annual reductions at full capacity: 192,000 tCO2 equivalentUp to a period of 10 years: 1,536,675 million tCO2-equivalent

Up to a period of 7 years: 960,675 tCO2-equivalent

<NEEDS><NEEDS>

1) Capacity Building for - 1) Capacity Building for - DNADNAExpertsExpertsPrivate SectorPrivate SectorRelevant stakeholdersRelevant stakeholders

2) Effective and simple approval procedures2) Effective and simple approval procedures

3) Financial barriers, especially for private sector3) Financial barriers, especially for private sector


[email protected]@mongol.net

cdm in mongolia

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