cdc's malaria program and priorities
TRANSCRIPT
Namita Joshi
Deputy Director for Policy and Communications
Division of Parasitic Diseases and Malaria
Center for Global Health
June 2015
CDC’s Malaria Program and Priorities
Division of Parasitic Diseases and Malaria
Center for Global Health
Division of Parasitic Diseases and Malaria
•Director: Laurence Slutsker
•Deputy Director for Management & Operations: Eric
Gogstad
•Deputy Director for Program & Science/ADS: Monica
•Parise
•Associate Director for Laboratory Science: Kumar
Udhayakumar
•Associate Director for Policy: Namita Joshi
•Data Management Activity: Ryan Wiegand
Office of the Director
Malaria Branch
•Chief: S. Patrick Kachur
•Manager: Richard Kahn
Parasitic Diseases Branch
•Chief: Stephanie Bialek
•Manager: Hoang Dang
Entomology Branch
•Chief: William Hawley
•Manager: Matthew Stockton
Strategic Applied
Science
Team Lead:
Mary Hamel
Program
Implementation
Team Lead:
Peter McElroy
Domestic
Response
Team Lead:
Paul Arguin
Laboratory
Research &
Development
Team Lead:
John Barnwell
Elimination & Control
Team Lead: Leanne Fox
Epidemiology
Team Lead: Susan Montgomery
Diagnostics & Biology
Team Lead: Vacant
Operations and Vector Genetics
Team Lead: Ellen Dotson
Field Support
Team Lead: John Gimnig
Chemistry & Resistance
Team Lead: Bill Brogdon
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Malaria in the United States
Malaria vectors —
Anopheles mosquitoes —
are widespread in U.S.
CDC helps keep the U.S.
safe:
Advises public how to protect
themselves from malaria
during travel
Tracks malaria
Helps clinicians diagnose and
treat malaria cases 24/7
http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/ss6312a1.htm
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President’s Malaria Initiative (PMI)Interagency initiative to reduce illness and death in
high-burden African countries
CDC supports PMI through:
Scaling up control interventions
Insecticide-treated nets
Indoor residual spraying
Confirmed diagnosis and treatment with
artemisinin combination therapy (ACT)
Preventive treatment for pregnant women
Scientific expertise
Strategic information (surveillance,
research and M&E)
Diagnosis and treatment
Prevention
Laboratory strengthening
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PMI: Scaling up proven toolsRapid diagnosis and artemisinin-based
combination therapies (ACTs)
Insecticide-treated bed nets
(ITNs)
Intermittent preventive treatment in
pregnancy (IPTp)
Indoor residual spraying (IRS) (where
appropriate)
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CDC contributed to the development and evaluation of four interventions now
used worldwide.
Malaria interventions save lives
Challenges to this success include:
Insecticide treated nets: coverage, durability, insecticide resistance, and
changes in mosquito behavior
Evidence of artemisinin drug resistance
TOMORROW
Intermittent screen and treat, mass drug administration, single
encounter radical cure treatments, transmission
blocking drugs, durable wall liners, spatial repellents, novel
diagnostics, vaccines
TODAY
Prevention Insecticide-treated bed
nets, indoor spraying,
preventive treatment
for pregnant women
and infants, seasonal
chemoprevention
TODAY
TreatmentDiagnosis with rapid
tests and combination
treatment, pre-referral
and definitive
treatment of severe
disease
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CDC Malaria Priorities
Malaria in the U.S.
(monitoring, diagnostics,
clinical guidance,
prevention)
Accelerate elimination
and control of malaria
Research
Elimination
Parasite, vector, case
management
What is the right mix?
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Accelerate the Elimination of Malaria
New WHO Global Technical
Strategy calls for acceleration
towards elimination
Regional focus for assisting
countries to eliminate malaria
Hispaniola
South East Asia
5 PMI focus countries
New tools and approaches needed
to support elimination, such as
• strong disease monitoring
system
• diagnostic tools developed for
use in low transmission settings
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CDC’s Scientific Investments in Malaria
Evaluation and impact of current
interventions
Routine surveillance, field evaluation of promising tools &
approaches, scientific leadership
Basic development of new drugs,
diagnostics, vector control paradigms,
vaccines
PMI CDC Applied Science BMGF, NIH
Prevention and Control Elimination/Eradication
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Malaria Science at CDC
Donald Stokes (1997). Pasteur’s Quadrant: Basic science and Technological Innovation. Washington: Brookings Institution Press.
Basic Research
Pure Science
Bohr’s quadrant
Use-inspired Research
Strategic Science
Pasteur’s quadrant
Operations Research
Applied Science
Edison’s quadrant
low Immediate Use Potential highlow
G
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Adapting human parasites to laboratory models
Natural history of malaria infection in highly endemic settings
Systems effectiveness of artemisinin-based combination treatment
Efficacy of insecticide-treated nets, malaria vaccine candidates
Effect of intermittent screening and treatment on transmission
Identification of new diagnostic targets and approaches
Evaluation of spatial repellants for malaria prevention
Parenteral artesunate for severe malaria in North America (IND)
Durability of long-lasting insecticidal nets in field conditions
Impact evaluation after scale up of proven malaria control tools
Cost-effectiveness of universal diagnostic testing in African countries
Malaria Science at CDC: ExamplesPure Science
Applied Science
Strategic Science
Research to Support Elimination
Development of more sensitive diagnostic tests to help detect
persons with low density infections as a way to further reduce
transmission
Field trials of promising malaria vaccines: RTS,S/AS01 and PfSPZ
Evaluation of improved nets, new insecticides, novel vector
control paradigms: insecticide treated durable wall liners and
spatial repellants
Evaluating strategic use of antimalarial drugs administered to
target populations to reduce transmission and burden
CDC provides global resources through its Collaborating Centers,
world renowned insectary and laboratories
Research partnerships in the Greater Mekong subRegion, Latin
America, Indonesia, Kenya, Madagascar, Malawi, Tanzania, Uganda
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Drug Quality/Counterfeit Drugs Robust sampling methodologies to assess presence of
counterfeits
Developing rapid field assays
Evaluation of FDA’s CD3 device and co-inventor of the CD4
Antimalarial drug analysis activites
multiple countries completing drug efficacy studies
Analysis for the Global Health Access Program , on the Thailand-
Burma border
Analysis of analyzed ACTs acquired by the Global Fund Joint
Inter-Agency Task Force (JIATF)
Cosponsored an antimalarial drug quality in Africa
symposium at the 6th Multilateral Initiative on Malaria
Pan-African Malaria Congress
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Drugs/Diagnostics/Vector Control
New and existing malaria drugs for reducing
transmission
Examples: mass drug administration, mass screen and treat
Improved diagnostic tests capable of identifying low
levels of infection and transmission.
ReaLAMP
Multiplex format
New tools for vector control, including pesticides and
paradigms for deliver them
Wall liners, spatial repellants, baited traps
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What More Can Be Done?
Surveillance as an
intervention
Moving diagnosis and
treatment beyond case
management
Development and
deployment of new tools
Mitigating threats to
continued progress
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For more information please contact Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
1600 Clifton Road NE, Atlanta, GA 30333
Telephone, 1-800-CDC-INFO (232-4636)/TTY: 1-888-232-6348
E-mail: [email protected] Web: www.cdc.gov
Namita Joshi
www.cdc.gov/malaria
Center for Global Health
Malaria Branch, Division of Parasitic Diseases and Malaria
The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official
position of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.