cctv systems digital basics
DESCRIPTION
CCTV SYSTEMSTRANSCRIPT
No Slide Title*
10.16.03 / Internal
© Robert Bosch GmbH reserves all rights even in the event of industrial property rights. We reserve all rights of disposal such as copying and passing on to third parties.
Unit 1 – Defining Digital
*
© Robert Bosch GmbH reserves all rights even in the event of industrial property rights. We reserve all rights of disposal such as copying and passing on to third parties.
CCTV Digital Basics
10.16.03 / Internal
© Robert Bosch GmbH reserves all rights even in the event of industrial property rights. We reserve all rights of disposal such as copying and passing on to third parties.
Objectives
Department
Describe the components of digital imagery
Describe two factors that can impact pixel resolution
Define a “bit” and how it is used in digital video
Define a “byte” and how it is used in digital video
Identify the differences between digital and analog signals.
Describe at least three advantages of digital vs. analog related to CCTV
Unit 1 – Defining Digital
10.16.03 / Internal
© Robert Bosch GmbH reserves all rights even in the event of industrial property rights. We reserve all rights of disposal such as copying and passing on to third parties.
Advantages of a digital network system
Scalability – Easily scaled from one to thousands of camera in any increment is possible. Can do any frame rate from any camera at any time.
Cost efficient infrastructure – Ability to use existing wired networks or wireless transmission. Opens new areas of access and cost savings for installation.
Remote access & control – Any video source can be accessed and controlled remotely from anywhere in the world over wire/wireless networks. Intelligence of the camera functions can be established at the camera location (motion detection, event handling, output type, time/date, etc.).
Lower cost – An IP CCTV system can easily leverage from existing network systems, business support resources, and storage capabilities.
Unit 1 – Defining Digital
10.16.03 / Internal
© Robert Bosch GmbH reserves all rights even in the event of industrial property rights. We reserve all rights of disposal such as copying and passing on to third parties.
Unit 1 – Defining Digital
Digital Hybrid CCTV Systems
Advantages Clear, precise and discrete signal values, which allows for customized image quality options Ability to manipulate and compress the signal data for duplication, transmission and storage flexibility The ability to send signals through non-dedicated transmission media Flexibility in the storage, file transfer, copying and archiving Simultaneous record and playback Fast and detailed search capabilities Non-degradation of recorded video with use/playback Digital recording can incorporate encryption Low maintenance on digital record components
Disadvantages Video signal conversion required: analog-digital-analog Digital components typically more expensive than analog System still requires some dedicated transmission path Transmission distance limitations Video storage limited by hard drive space System expansion my be limited by dependent components (i.e. need to buy more switchers) More users on system may slow IPS speed. May not be real time video
© Robert Bosch GmbH reserves all rights even in the event of industrial property rights. We reserve all rights of disposal such as copying and passing on to third parties.
Unit 1 – Defining Digital
Analog vs. Digital
Analog CCTV Systems
Advantages Uses traditional video cameras, transmission methods, and VCR recording Relatively inexpensive to build a system Simple and familiar to use Modular configuration to add/replace components Provides real time, full video resolution
Disadvantages Requires dedicated transmission path Transmission distance limitations Time consuming video searches System expansion my be limited by dependent components Video tape and recordings wear out/degrade with use Higher maintenance of VCR Bulky storage requirements of tapes Inflexibility in use of recorded video
© Robert Bosch GmbH reserves all rights even in the event of industrial property rights. We reserve all rights of disposal such as copying and passing on to third parties.
Unit 1 – Defining Digital
100% Digital CCTV Systems
Advantages Digital signal throughout system, and all the benefits of a digital signal No dedicated cabling required, uses existing computer networks Easily scalable system Non-centralized control centers “Virtual hard disk” possible System redundancy network provides
Disadvantages Network congestion and bandwidth limitations Expense of components (may be offset by savings in cabling) Same security concerns as any computer network system Competing proprietary standards
© Robert Bosch GmbH reserves all rights even in the event of industrial property rights. We reserve all rights of disposal such as copying and passing on to third parties.
What is Digital?
ON or OFF states
Binary Code is digital values of either 1 or 0
Bit – smallest form of digital information – a single place value made up of a 1 or 0 (on or off)
ANALOG
Ability to produce great amount of detail (wanted or unwanted)
Susceptible to unwanted variations
Unit 1 – Defining Digital
10.16.03 / Internal
© Robert Bosch GmbH reserves all rights even in the event of industrial property rights. We reserve all rights of disposal such as copying and passing on to third parties.
Analog vs. Digital Wave
Unit 1 – Defining Digital
10.16.03 / Internal
© Robert Bosch GmbH reserves all rights even in the event of industrial property rights. We reserve all rights of disposal such as copying and passing on to third parties.
Analog to Digital Conversion
10.16.03 / Internal
© Robert Bosch GmbH reserves all rights even in the event of industrial property rights. We reserve all rights of disposal such as copying and passing on to third parties.
Pixel Information
1
5
8
10.16.03 / Internal
© Robert Bosch GmbH reserves all rights even in the event of industrial property rights. We reserve all rights of disposal such as copying and passing on to third parties.
Bit Depth
10.16.03 / Internal
© Robert Bosch GmbH reserves all rights even in the event of industrial property rights. We reserve all rights of disposal such as copying and passing on to third parties.
Digital Primary Colors
10.16.03 / Internal
© Robert Bosch GmbH reserves all rights even in the event of industrial property rights. We reserve all rights of disposal such as copying and passing on to third parties.
Bits
BITS – Smallest form of digital data, represented by 1 or 0 values (ON or OFF)
Data transmission is usually in Bits = bits per second (bps)
Modems: 28.8 Kbps, 33.6 Kbps, 56 Kbps
LAN networks: 10 Mbits/sec., 100 Mbits/sec., 1 Gbits/sec.
Unit 1 – Defining Digital
1 (off)
1 (off)
0 (on)
0 (on)
0 (on)
Bit values
10.16.03 / Internal
© Robert Bosch GmbH reserves all rights even in the event of industrial property rights. We reserve all rights of disposal such as copying and passing on to third parties.
Bytes
Unit 1 – Defining Digital
BYTES – A grouping of bits to make a total value that could represent a number, word, calculation or a color
Transmitting Bytes = Bytes per second (Bps)
File sizes & storage media expressed in Bytes
Files: 15 KB, 12 MB
Hard drive: 40 GB.
10.16.03 / Internal
© Robert Bosch GmbH reserves all rights even in the event of industrial property rights. We reserve all rights of disposal such as copying and passing on to third parties.
File sizes
Unit 1 – Defining Digital
For each video frame captured, a video file is created. That file size is dependent upon the following:
Total number of pixels on CCD based upon its dimension (ie. 768 x 492 = 377856 pixels)
Pixel Bit Depth as determined by the Digital Signal Processor (i.e. 8 bit)
10.16.03 / Internal
© Robert Bosch GmbH reserves all rights even in the event of industrial property rights. We reserve all rights of disposal such as copying and passing on to third parties.
File sizes & video
Unit 1 – Defining Digital
Images per Second (ips)
Video captures a certain number of individual files or images every second
This rate of image capture has a big impact on the data volume to be transmitted and stored.
2 ips
10.16.03 / Internal
© Robert Bosch GmbH reserves all rights even in the event of industrial property rights. We reserve all rights of disposal such as copying and passing on to third parties.
Answer the review questions
10.16.03 / Internal
© Robert Bosch GmbH reserves all rights even in the event of industrial property rights. We reserve all rights of disposal such as copying and passing on to third parties.
Unit 1 – Defining Digital
10.16.03 / Internal
© Robert Bosch GmbH reserves all rights even in the event of industrial property rights. We reserve all rights of disposal such as copying and passing on to third parties.
Unit 1 – Defining Digital
*
© Robert Bosch GmbH reserves all rights even in the event of industrial property rights. We reserve all rights of disposal such as copying and passing on to third parties.
CCTV Digital Basics
10.16.03 / Internal
© Robert Bosch GmbH reserves all rights even in the event of industrial property rights. We reserve all rights of disposal such as copying and passing on to third parties.
Objectives
Department
Describe the components of digital imagery
Describe two factors that can impact pixel resolution
Define a “bit” and how it is used in digital video
Define a “byte” and how it is used in digital video
Identify the differences between digital and analog signals.
Describe at least three advantages of digital vs. analog related to CCTV
Unit 1 – Defining Digital
10.16.03 / Internal
© Robert Bosch GmbH reserves all rights even in the event of industrial property rights. We reserve all rights of disposal such as copying and passing on to third parties.
Advantages of a digital network system
Scalability – Easily scaled from one to thousands of camera in any increment is possible. Can do any frame rate from any camera at any time.
Cost efficient infrastructure – Ability to use existing wired networks or wireless transmission. Opens new areas of access and cost savings for installation.
Remote access & control – Any video source can be accessed and controlled remotely from anywhere in the world over wire/wireless networks. Intelligence of the camera functions can be established at the camera location (motion detection, event handling, output type, time/date, etc.).
Lower cost – An IP CCTV system can easily leverage from existing network systems, business support resources, and storage capabilities.
Unit 1 – Defining Digital
10.16.03 / Internal
© Robert Bosch GmbH reserves all rights even in the event of industrial property rights. We reserve all rights of disposal such as copying and passing on to third parties.
Unit 1 – Defining Digital
Digital Hybrid CCTV Systems
Advantages Clear, precise and discrete signal values, which allows for customized image quality options Ability to manipulate and compress the signal data for duplication, transmission and storage flexibility The ability to send signals through non-dedicated transmission media Flexibility in the storage, file transfer, copying and archiving Simultaneous record and playback Fast and detailed search capabilities Non-degradation of recorded video with use/playback Digital recording can incorporate encryption Low maintenance on digital record components
Disadvantages Video signal conversion required: analog-digital-analog Digital components typically more expensive than analog System still requires some dedicated transmission path Transmission distance limitations Video storage limited by hard drive space System expansion my be limited by dependent components (i.e. need to buy more switchers) More users on system may slow IPS speed. May not be real time video
© Robert Bosch GmbH reserves all rights even in the event of industrial property rights. We reserve all rights of disposal such as copying and passing on to third parties.
Unit 1 – Defining Digital
Analog vs. Digital
Analog CCTV Systems
Advantages Uses traditional video cameras, transmission methods, and VCR recording Relatively inexpensive to build a system Simple and familiar to use Modular configuration to add/replace components Provides real time, full video resolution
Disadvantages Requires dedicated transmission path Transmission distance limitations Time consuming video searches System expansion my be limited by dependent components Video tape and recordings wear out/degrade with use Higher maintenance of VCR Bulky storage requirements of tapes Inflexibility in use of recorded video
© Robert Bosch GmbH reserves all rights even in the event of industrial property rights. We reserve all rights of disposal such as copying and passing on to third parties.
Unit 1 – Defining Digital
100% Digital CCTV Systems
Advantages Digital signal throughout system, and all the benefits of a digital signal No dedicated cabling required, uses existing computer networks Easily scalable system Non-centralized control centers “Virtual hard disk” possible System redundancy network provides
Disadvantages Network congestion and bandwidth limitations Expense of components (may be offset by savings in cabling) Same security concerns as any computer network system Competing proprietary standards
© Robert Bosch GmbH reserves all rights even in the event of industrial property rights. We reserve all rights of disposal such as copying and passing on to third parties.
What is Digital?
ON or OFF states
Binary Code is digital values of either 1 or 0
Bit – smallest form of digital information – a single place value made up of a 1 or 0 (on or off)
ANALOG
Ability to produce great amount of detail (wanted or unwanted)
Susceptible to unwanted variations
Unit 1 – Defining Digital
10.16.03 / Internal
© Robert Bosch GmbH reserves all rights even in the event of industrial property rights. We reserve all rights of disposal such as copying and passing on to third parties.
Analog vs. Digital Wave
Unit 1 – Defining Digital
10.16.03 / Internal
© Robert Bosch GmbH reserves all rights even in the event of industrial property rights. We reserve all rights of disposal such as copying and passing on to third parties.
Analog to Digital Conversion
10.16.03 / Internal
© Robert Bosch GmbH reserves all rights even in the event of industrial property rights. We reserve all rights of disposal such as copying and passing on to third parties.
Pixel Information
1
5
8
10.16.03 / Internal
© Robert Bosch GmbH reserves all rights even in the event of industrial property rights. We reserve all rights of disposal such as copying and passing on to third parties.
Bit Depth
10.16.03 / Internal
© Robert Bosch GmbH reserves all rights even in the event of industrial property rights. We reserve all rights of disposal such as copying and passing on to third parties.
Digital Primary Colors
10.16.03 / Internal
© Robert Bosch GmbH reserves all rights even in the event of industrial property rights. We reserve all rights of disposal such as copying and passing on to third parties.
Bits
BITS – Smallest form of digital data, represented by 1 or 0 values (ON or OFF)
Data transmission is usually in Bits = bits per second (bps)
Modems: 28.8 Kbps, 33.6 Kbps, 56 Kbps
LAN networks: 10 Mbits/sec., 100 Mbits/sec., 1 Gbits/sec.
Unit 1 – Defining Digital
1 (off)
1 (off)
0 (on)
0 (on)
0 (on)
Bit values
10.16.03 / Internal
© Robert Bosch GmbH reserves all rights even in the event of industrial property rights. We reserve all rights of disposal such as copying and passing on to third parties.
Bytes
Unit 1 – Defining Digital
BYTES – A grouping of bits to make a total value that could represent a number, word, calculation or a color
Transmitting Bytes = Bytes per second (Bps)
File sizes & storage media expressed in Bytes
Files: 15 KB, 12 MB
Hard drive: 40 GB.
10.16.03 / Internal
© Robert Bosch GmbH reserves all rights even in the event of industrial property rights. We reserve all rights of disposal such as copying and passing on to third parties.
File sizes
Unit 1 – Defining Digital
For each video frame captured, a video file is created. That file size is dependent upon the following:
Total number of pixels on CCD based upon its dimension (ie. 768 x 492 = 377856 pixels)
Pixel Bit Depth as determined by the Digital Signal Processor (i.e. 8 bit)
10.16.03 / Internal
© Robert Bosch GmbH reserves all rights even in the event of industrial property rights. We reserve all rights of disposal such as copying and passing on to third parties.
File sizes & video
Unit 1 – Defining Digital
Images per Second (ips)
Video captures a certain number of individual files or images every second
This rate of image capture has a big impact on the data volume to be transmitted and stored.
2 ips
10.16.03 / Internal
© Robert Bosch GmbH reserves all rights even in the event of industrial property rights. We reserve all rights of disposal such as copying and passing on to third parties.
Answer the review questions
10.16.03 / Internal
© Robert Bosch GmbH reserves all rights even in the event of industrial property rights. We reserve all rights of disposal such as copying and passing on to third parties.
Unit 1 – Defining Digital