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CausesofWorldWarII
Interac(vePowerPoint
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WorldWarII:MainCauses
WorldWarII1939-1945
RiseofDictators
GermanAggression
PolicyofAppeasement
FailureoftheLeagueofNa?ons
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MindMapBreak#1
• Whowerethedictators?• Wherearetheyfrom?• Whatweretheiragendas?
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GermanAggression
TheriseofHitlerandtheNaziParty
There-militariza?onoftheRhineland(1936)
Theannexa?onofAustria(1938)
Czechoslovakia(1939)
TheMunichAgreement
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MindMapBreak#2
• Listthe5areasindica?veofGermanaggression
• Createbranchesfor:– When– Where– Why– Response
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• 1936: Hitlersendstroopsbackintothe Rhineland(viola?onofVersailles)
• BritainandFrance’sresponse?– Donothing*– Why?
*2yearslater…
TheRe-militarizaDonoftheRhineland
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• 1938: HitlermovestroopsintoAustria,takingoverthecountry• BritainandFrance’sresponse?– Donothing– Why?
AnnexaDonofAustria
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TheSudetenland:• WesternregionofCzechoslovakia,borderingGermany– LargeGermanpopula?on– GiventoCzechoslovakiaa\erWWI
• Hitlerwantedthisterritory!
Czechoslovakia
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1938:HitlerthreatenedtoinvadetheSudetenland
MunichAgreement– Britain&Francerespond– CalledaconferenceinMunichtonego?ate– AgreetogiveHitlertheSudetenlandwiththepromisehewouldnotinvadetherestofCzechoslovakia
– ThiswasthefinalstepintheappeasementofHitler
Czechoslovakia
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Architect: NevilleChamberlain(Bri?shPM)Idea: Giveanaggressor(Hitler/Germany)
whathewantsinordertoavoidwar
PolicyofAppeasement1936-39
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MindMapBreak#3
• Defini?onofAppeasement• Purpose• Nazi-SovietNon-AggressionPact– Defini?on
• Result• BritainandFrance’sResponse
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ChamberlainspeakstothecrowdatHestonAerodrome• September30,1938
Chamberlain–“peaceforour?me”
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March15,1939– HitlerinvadestherestofCzechoslovakia– AnotherwarinEuropeisimminent
TheFailureofAppeasement
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• HitlernowwantstouniteEastPrussiawiththerestofGermany(territorylosta\erWWI)
• Problem:GermanywouldhavetoinvadePolandtogettoEastPrussia–threattotheSovietUnion
• Solu?on:Nazi-SovietNon-AggressionPact– August,1939– AnagreementbetweentheSovietUnion&Germany– Neitherwouldahacktheotherifeitherwenttowar– PlannedtodividePolandbetweenthem
Nazi-SovietNon-AggressionPact(1939)
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• Whydidtheysignthispact,whentheNazisandtheCommunistshatedeachother?– ItgaveGermanyprotec?onfromhavingtofightatwo-frontwarinthesoon-to-beginWorldWarII– TheSovietUnionwasawardedland,includingpartsofPolandandtheBal?cStates
Nazi-SovietNon-AggressionPact(1939)
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September1,1939:
GERMANYINVADESPOLAND!
TheResult
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• Britain&FranceordertheGermansoutofPoland
• Hitlerdoesnotcomply–Britain&FrancedeclarewaronGermanyonSeptember3,1939
TheResponse
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MindMapBreak#4
• Manchuria1931• ItalyinvadesAbyssinia1935
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JapanInvadesManchuria(1931)– LeaguecondemnedJapan’sac?ons– JapanwithdrewfromtheLeagueandcon?nueditsaggressiveexpansionofterritoryintoChina
ThiseventhighlightsweaknessofLeague
OtherIssues–FailureoftheLeagueofNaDons
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ItalyInvadesAbyssinia(1935)• Leagueimposedsanc?ons– BUT:notonoil!
Withoutoil,Italymayhavebeenstopped…
*FranceandBritainwerereluctanttosanc?onItaly–theywantedtoensureitssupportincaseofaworldwar.
OtherIssues–FailureoftheLeagueofNaDons
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• RiseofDictatorships(review)• Russia,Germany,Italy
• GermanAggression• Rhineland,Austria,Czechoslovakia,Nazi-SovietPact,Poland
• Policyofappeasement• FailureoftheLeagueofNa?ons
• Manchuria&Abyssinia
ToSumUp: