CAUSES AND IMPLICATION OF DELAY IN LOCAL ROAD BRIDGE CONSTRUCTION

 

M.Sc. Thesis Presented bySudina Kuikel

Under the guidance ofEr. Sushil Chandra Tiwari (DDG, DoI)

Transportation Engineering and ManagementNepal Engineering College

Pokhara University 1

Introduction

Study Area

Literature Review

Research Methodology

Results and Discussion

Conclusion and Recommendation

2

Presentation Outline

Delay- costly, complex & risky problem -Time overrun beyond completion

datesignificant implications (economic/social)

People have to wait for services longerReduce efficiency of available resourcesLimit the growth potentialBrings drop in building activitiesBad reputation Inability to secure project finance

3

Introduction

> 6,000 rivers and rivulets More than 50,000 LRN

(DOLIDAR, 2011) For all-weather >3,000

bridges required in LRN under construction and

design phase-200 walkover survey-284 demandlist-more than 2000

(DoLIDAR/LRBP, 2012)

 

4

Bridge construction scenario in LRN

-Delay and its effects in most bridges-Ranges from short duration to many years-Has a frightening economic problem

- not only wastes financial resources but also reduces pace of development activities

5

Problem Statement

1 •What is the present situation of LRB construction?

2 •What are the real causes of delay in the LRB construction sector?

3•What are the clients, contractors and consultants

perceptions regarding delay and its effects in LRB construction?

4 •What are the effects caused by delay in LRB construction?

6

Research Questions

Analyze the present situation of different LRB of different types having construction problem

To identify the causes of delays that currently exists in construction performance and to evaluate their relative importance

To study the differences in ideas of the three main stakeholders, including clients, contractors and consultants regarding delay.

Assess the implications of the delays especially in terms of project duration and project cost

7

Objectives Overall objective is to identify causes of delay and its effects in LRB construction

Bridges being constructed by DoLIDAR only with limited number of stakeholders (consultants,

contractors and employer) Certain extents of the problems are assumed common

8

Scope and Limitation

S. No. Implementing Agency

No. of Bridge

Completed Under construction Total

1 Central (DoLIDAR) 0 7 7

2 DDC 17 48 65

3 JICA 0 32 32

4 RRRSDP 3 22 25

5 RAIDP - 12 12

6 DRILP - 5 5

7 RTI SWAp 9 3 12

Total 20 138 168 9

Study Area

10

Study Area

Why the particular site was selected Why particular type of bridge is proposed Site data and proposal for preparation

drawing Soil strata in the form of bore log Model study detail Salient features and quantities of each items Upto date approved structural drawings Details of all meetings and decision Decision making mechanism in disputeDhiman (2009)

11

Important points to consideredLiterature Review

INPU

TD

ATA

AN

ALYS

ISO

UTP

UT

, Identification of causes of delay and its consequences

SCOPELRB of DoLIDAR through different programmes

STRATEGY- Literature: finding common delay sources and effects- Project document: finding specific sources- Stakeholders: Clarification, validity & finding new

LITERATURE STAKEHOLDERSClientContractorConsultant

Contracts details, diaries, meeting record , project report and schedules

List of causes & effects (69 causes-11 category & 15 effects)

PROJECT SELECTION- 16 Projects ( GoN & donor implemented including all ecological region)

Interview DTO , LBS & LRBSU personnel

Situation of bridgesDiscussion with localSafety measuresRanking causes and

effects

Questionnaire survey

Analysis of dataStatistical tool (Mean, SD, RII)

Site Observation

- major causes & effects-Ranking of causes and effects in the view of all-Ranking category wise and in average---View analysis

CONCLUSION- Delay causes- Delay effects- Ranking of cause

and effects

Methodology

13

5834

8

How common is delay %

very commoncommonnot so common

05

1015202530354045

18

40

30

12

frequency of schedule re-vision %

frequency of original schedule revision

Response rate of Questionnaire

S.N Distributed

Return %

1 Client 85.722 Contractor 604 Consultant 77.4

Total 74.28

Data Analysis and findings

emplo

yer re

lated

manag

emen

t relat

ed

consul

tant re

lated

contra

ctor re

lated

human

resou

rces r

elated

materia

l relat

ed

equip

ment re

lated

finan

cial re

lated

techn

ology

relat

ed

site c

ondit

ion

exter

nal

0.001.002.003.004.005.006.007.00

5.266.03

5.22 4.73 4.53 5.065.52 5.50 4.93

6.18

4.98

Cause category

Aver

age

mea

n sc

ore

14

Cause of delay category wiseResults & discussion

15

Name of Bridge Funding Agency Delay (%) Cost Overruns (%) Cause of Delay (Related

Category)

Phalame Gauda GoN 95 46 Site Condition

Man Nadi GoN 48 5.21 Site Condition

Surahi Nala GoN 31 14 Site Condition

Chauri Khola GoN 55 0 Management

Likhu Khola GoN 29 10 Consultant, Contractor

Ladku khola ADB 20 14 Contractor

Kerunga GoN 10 0 Financial

Roshi JICA 24.1 24.9 Management, Employer

Teli Khola GoN 111 21 Financial

Khani Khola GoN 20 14.5 Site Condition

Roshi 2 JICA 32.8 5.3 Contractor, Management

Marin JICA 19.6 4.3 Management

Thosne ADB 15 0 Site Condition

Siwa Khola ADB 67 10.8 External, consultant

Mulsangu ADB 58 19.6 Site Condition

Dans GoN 78 29 Financial

Results & discussion

Contractor1. Long time to get permits and

approvals for the employer 2. The employer’s late approvals3. Slow decision making process of

the employer4. Strikes, riots and wheel locks

(Bandha) 5. Consultants slowness in giving

instructions

Consultant1. Frequent changes of government2. Deficiencies in planning and

scheduling3. Improper scheduling or problem in

scheduling4. Inadequate labor force of the

contractor 5. Politically motivated decision of

employer16

Top five causes ranked Client1. Slow mobilization of resources to site by contractor 2. Negligence of contractors in their contracting business 3. Deficiencies in planning and scheduling, mismanagement4. Inadequate labor force of the contractor 5. Contractor un commitment to consultant instructions

Results & discussion

S.N Cause of Delay

RankGroup

 

Employer Contractor Consultant  

1 Deficiencies in planning 3 29 2 Management  

2 Shortage of power supply 12 6 12 Material

3 Political interference 19 10 7 External

4 Improper scheduling 15 21 3 Management

5 Strikes, riots, wheel locks 16 4 26 External

6 Land/Resettlement problem 25 13 6 Site condition

7 Politically motivated decision of employer 23 14 5 Employer

8 Frequent changes of government 22 38 1 External

9 Long time to get permits 27 1 29 Employer

10 Selection of improper site 14 8 40 Site condition17

Top ten causes in averageData Analysis

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 160

20

40

60

80

100

120 Effects of delay

Time Cost

Cases

Ove

rrun

%

Maximum : Time overrun – 111% Cost overrun- 29% Average : Time overrun- 44.59 % Cost overrun-13.16%

Findings and discussion

Donor funded less time overrun in comparison

Problem of timely budget unavailability in GoN funded

1. Time overrun2. Cost overrun3. Idling resources4. Adverse impact on overall national

economy 5. Loss reputation of parties

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Five highly ranked effectsFindings

92% of the respondents agreed that delay problem is major in bridge construction

Frequency of original schedule revision in project period is two and more

The client’s consultant’s and contractor’s contribution to causes of delay is of 19.64%, 8.9% and 12.5% respectively

Site condition and management category is found to be the most critical factor

Time overrun, cost overrun and idling resources are the major effects identified

Difference in opinion for causes and similar views for effects ranking of stakeholders 20

Conclusion

1. Separate site clearance (acquisition) work from construction work & must be finished before estimating cost and schedule for construction phase and bidding work

2. Give high priority to site investigation and site selection

3. BMIS should be made effective4. Make clear responsibilities among parties in the

contract document5. Make planning and scheduling and match with the

resources and time to develop the work 6. Government should run only those projects for which

it can arrange the funds timely and assure continuity

21

Recommendations

22

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THANK YOU