CAUSE AND EFFECT ESSAYS Group 2

1.IRAWATI 8.ARMAYANTI

2.FEBRI WENDARI 9.SILVIA HANDAYANI

3.DIAN RILAWATI 10.HAFIZATUL AINI

4.RIADHOH 11.ALMIRA GANDHI

5.WISFI DESRIANTI 12.IRMA SWANA

6.RINI HELDINA 13.ILHAM REZKI

7.ARINI ELHUDA 14. YANCE YULIA

PRODI ILMU KEPERAWATAN UNAND

2012

CAUSE AND EFFECT ESSAYS

Cause and effect essays is -the aim to explain the causes (reasons) or the effects (results) of an event or situation.

Cause and effect essay is the paragraph that the statement was the cause comes first and then followed its effects.

Cause and effect essays

Chain organization

Block organization

. In block organization, we first discuss all the causes as a block (in one, two, three, or more paragraphs, depending on the number of causes). Then we discuss all the effects together as a block. We can discuss either causes effects first. And we can also discuss only causes or only effects.

THE KINDS OF CAUSE AND EFFECT

ESSAYS • Block Organization

ln block organization,a short

paragraph often separates one major

section from another.major section.

This paragraph is called a transition

paragraph.

Its purpose is to conclude one section

and introduce another section.

We do not alwavs have to write a transition paragraph, but it is helpful when our topic is long and cornplex.

Chain Organization

In this pattern, causes and effects are linked to each other in a chain. One event causes a second event, which in turn causes a third event , which in turn causes a fourth event, and so on

Each new cause and each effect are links in a chain

Chain organization usually works better than block organization when the causes and effects are too closely linked to be separated

Cause and effect Essay

In this kind of essay, the aim is to

explain the causes (reasons) or the effects (results) of an event or situation.

e.g. Causes of air pollution (multiple factors leading to air pollution).

e.g. Effects of watching too much TV (many effects of a situation).

Sometimes an event causes something to happen, and that situation leads to another event, and it causes another event to happen. This is called the causal chain or domino effect.

e.g. Use of deodorants will bring the end of the world.

Organization:

Depending on the topic, there may be three patterns of organization:

1. Multiple causes-->effect

In this pattern, the organization is as

Follows :

Air pollution is caused by the following

factors: exhaust gases from cars,

uncontrolled factory releases, andburning

of low-quality coal for heating.

• 2. Cause-->Multiple effects

• In this pattern, the effects of a certain situation are explained in separate paragraphs, with the following organization:

• thesis statement: Watching too much TV is one of the major sociological issues of this century, which has many effects on the physiology and psychology of people.

3. Causal chain / Domino

• In this pattern, the events lead to one another, as in the following organization:

• thesis statement: Using deodorants with chlorofluorocarbon gas will bring the end of world.

Language:

To explain reasons and results, we use:

• As a result,

• As a consequence, • Consequently, • So,

• Since

• As,

• Because

• One reason why ... • One of the most important reasons why

...

• The main reasons why ...

• There are other reasons, too, ...

Do not forget that using transitions enables the piece of writing to be coherent; it is easier for the reader to follow our ideas when transitions are used to link them together

Cause/Effect Signal Words and Pharases

Cause Signal Words Coordinators -For Subordinators - Because - Since - As

Others -The result from -To be the result of -Due to -Because of -The effect of -The consequence of -As a result of -As a consequence of

Effect Signal Words

Transition Words and Pharases -As a result -As a consequence -Therefore -Thus -Consequently -Hence Coordinators -So

In a relatively short Cause or Effect essay, it

is important to remember that Cause or Effect

essays are not to be about both causes and

effects.

On the contrary, in a short essay of 350-400 words, it is important to focus on writing about either the causes of something or the effects of something, not both.

The reason for this is that it is simply not wise to try to cover too much information in a short essay.

Others -To result in -To cause -To have an effect on -To affect -The cause of -The reason for -Thereby

Points to remember when writing a Cause or Effect

essay

State your organization

List all of the causes or all of the effects, not necessarily in your essay, but before you begin to write your essay

Support all causes or effects with supporting details

Have a rationale for the order in which you present your information

Finally, maintain your focus. In a short cause or effect essay of 350-400 words, limit the range of your topic to either the causes or effects of something.