Catterick GarrisonCoordinates: 542239N14319W/ 54.3774N1.7220WCatterick Garrison is a major garrison and town located3 miles south of Richmond in the Richmondshire dis-trict of North Yorkshire, England. It is the largest BritishArmy garrison in the world with a population of around13,000 and measuring over 2,400 acres, however underplans announced by the Ministry of Defence (MoD) inNovember 2005, the population of Catterick Garrison isexpected to grow to over 25,000 by 2020, making it thelargest population centre in the local area.[1]1 HistoryThesitingofthegarrisonwasrst recommendedbyRobert Baden-Powell who founded the Scouting move-ment in 1908 whilst he was based at the army barracksat that time located in Richmond Castle.[2] On 12 Au-gust 1914, the order was issued for the construction ofthe camp, following the outbreak of the First World War.The original intention for Catterick was to be a tempo-rary camp to accommodate two complete divisions witharound 40,000 men in 2,000 huts.[3] The base was origi-nally named Richmond Camp until being changed to Cat-terick Camp in 1915, later modied to Catterick Garrison.After serving as a prisoner of war camp at the end of theFirst World War, the idea to make Catterick a permanentmilitary barracks was rst suggested after the partition-ing of Ireland in 1921, the required land was purchasedand building plans were put forward in 1923 and by themid 1930s most of the camps facilities were complete,during the Second World War the camp was once againused to house prisoners of war.[4]2 GovernanceThe town lies within the Richmond (Yorks) parliamen-tary constituency, which has been represented since 1989by Conservative William Hague. It also lies within theCentral Richmondshire electoral division of North York-shire County Council and its boundaries lie in both theHipswell and Scotton wards of Richmondshire DistrictCouncil.[5]3 GeographyCatterick Garrison is located on the A6136 road, con-necting Richmond with the A1 road at Catterick Village,4.7 miles (7.6 km) to the east. Nearby settlements toCatterick Garrison include the suburban settlements ofScotton 1.6 miles (2.6 km) south and Hipswell 0.7 miles(1.1 km) to the east, as well as Colburn, 1.9 miles (3.1km) to the east.4 TransportTheGarrisonis without arailwaystation, CatterickCamp railway station served as a terminus station onthe Eryholme-Richmond branch line until its closure in1964, the closest mainline railway stations are now foundat Northallerton and Darlington, both are equidistant, at15.9 miles (25.6 km) south-east and north-east respec-tively. Regular bus services to Richmond and Darlingtonare operated by Arriva North East, the closest airport isDurhamTees Valley Airport, 21.3 miles (34.3 km) north-east.5 Community and cultureLacking a true "town centre, the Garrison gained its rstlarge supermarket, a Tesco store, in 2000; along with aretail park known as Richmondshire Walk, which alsoincludes a McDonalds, a Poundstretcher and a Peacocks,among others. Catterick Leisure Centre is a purposebuilt complex opposite the retail park,opened in July2009, it oers a broad spectrum of leisure and tness fa-cilities including a swimming pool, and a gym, as well asan adjoining public library.[6][7] Catterick Garrison wasonce home to one Yorkshire's largest cinemas, the RitzCinema was opened on 21 December 1940 and had over1000 seats, it was closed on 2 July 1977 after declin-ing usage, today, the site is used as a health and beautysalon.[8] Duchess of Kent Hospital is the local militaryhospital and medical centre that was opened on 6 Octo-ber 1976. It was a replacement to the old hospital thatwas in existence before the Second World War. FoxgloveCovert, a local nature reserve was the rst of its kind inNorth Yorkshire and the rst to be located on Ministryof Defence (MoD) land in the UK. It covers 100 acres ofmoorland edge, and was opened in 1992, in 2001 it wasdeclared a Site of Local Nature Conservation Impor-12 6 MINISTRY OF DEFENCE OPERATIONStance (SLNCI)".[9] In 2013 a 25 million developmentscheme for a new town centre was unveiled, to be builton a former sports ground, owned by the MoD. The planincludes space for retail outlets, a cinema, a 60 bedroomhotel and several dining establishments and bars, it is ex-pected to create up to 700 jobs.[10]5.1 EducationPrimary education is provided by Carnagill CommunityPrimary School, built in 1966,[11] Wavell School[12] andLeCateauCommunityPrimarySchool.[13]Thereareother nearby schools, not within the garrison area itselfsuch as Colburn Community Primary School and Hip-swell Church of England Primary School that are alsoused by residents.[14] Pupils then receive secondary edu-cation at Risedale Sports and Community College.[15] Al-ternatively, children may also attend school at RichmondSchool and Sixth Form College. Darlington College alsohas a campus at Catterick Garrison.[16]5.2 ReligionThe three garrison churches are dedicated to St. Joan ofArc,[17] St Aidan, and the Garrison Memorial Church ofSt Martin and St Oswald.5.3 Garrison CemeteryCatterick Garrison Cemetery, located on the north sideof St Johns Churchyard in Hipswell, was opened by theWar Oce in 1930 to serve the camp. Among its gravesare 42 Commonwealth service personnel of the SecondWorld War and some Polish servicemen.[18]Previously soldiers from the camp and military hospitalwere buried in St Johns Churchyard, which now containsthe war graves of 64 Commonwealth service personnel ofthe First World War and 2 of the Second World War.[19]6 Ministry of Defence Operations6.1 BarracksThe garrison consists of many dierent groups of build-ings spread over a wide area and includes a number ofbarracks, most of which are named after historical BritishArmy battles, many of which took place in NorthernFrance during the First World War. They include:Waithwith BanksGaza BarracksMegiddo LinesThe parade ground at Helles BarracksCambrai Barracks, Royal Armoured Corps TrainingRegiment.Bourlon Barracks, home to infantry unitVimy Barracks, (HQ School of Infantry) named af-ter the Battle of Vimy RidgeHarden Barracks, named for Henry Eric Harden VCSommeBarracks, namedaftertheBattleoftheSommeHelles Barracks, named for Cape Helles,Dardanelles, Home of 2ITBAlma Barracks, named after the Battle of Alma dur-ing the Crimean War.Duchess of Kents BarracksPiave LinesMunster Barracks, tank park and workshops.Wathgill Camp (6 miles from the Garrison and op-erated by the Defence Infrastructure Organisationwhich also operates and manages the 20,000-acre(81 km2) training area and ranges adjacent to theGarrison.Also included in the command of Catterick Garrisonis Marne Barracks, located at the site of the formerRAF Catterick.Loos Lines (1 Training Regiment)Baghdad Lines (7 Selection Regiment later 7Train-ing Regiment)6.2 Units based in Catterick4MechanizedBrigadeHeadquarters andSignalSquadron (204 Signal Squadron).[20]6.3 HQ School of Infantry, Infantry Training Centre 3Badge of Catterick Garrison1st Battalion, Scots Guards (MechanizedInfantry).[20]1st Battalion, The Mercian Regiment(Cheshire) (Light Role).[20]1st Battalion, The Duke Of Lancasters Regi-ment (Mechanised Infantry).[21]The Royal Dragoon Guards (Armoured).[20]The Queens Royal Lancers.[20]21 Engineer Regiment Royal Engineers.[22]1st Battalion, Royal Electrical and MechanicalEngineers.150 Provost Company.[20]CS Medical Squadron.19 Light Brigade.[23]40th Regiment Royal Artillery.[23]19 Combat Service Support Battalion.[23]150 Provost Company.24 CS Medical Squadron.5th Regiment Royal Artillery[24]ITC Catterick:[25]ITC Catterick Support Battalion1st Infantry Training Battalion2nd Infantry Training Battalion222 Military Intelligence150 Provost Company, Royal Military Police (Al-though a Royal Military Police station owned bythe MoD, the North Yorkshire Police are also co-located there).6.2.1 Army 2020 BasingUnder Army 2020, the list will be modied and the unitsbased at Catterick will be:[26]4th Infantry Brigade and Headquarters North EastThe Light DragoonsThe Royal LancersThe Royal Dragoon Guards1 Close Support Battalion REME1 Military Intelligence Battalion2nd Battalion, The Yorkshire Regiment4th Battalion, The Royal Regiment of Scotland1 Regiment RMP5th Regiment Royal Artillery21 Engineer Regiment32 Engineer Regiment6.3 HQSchool of Infantry, Infantry Train-ing CentreCatterick is the largest of three Infantry Training Cen-tres (ITCs) in the UK. ITC Catterick conducts infantrytraining combining Phase 1 and Phase 2 of the CombatInfantrymans Course. Junior soldiers destined for the in-fantry continue to receive Phase 1 training at the ArmyFoundation College in Harrogate. ITC Catterick is themajor user of the Warcop Training Area.7 References7.1 Citations[1] Ministrys 1bn plan to upgrade garrison. The NorthernEcho. 30 November 2005. Retrieved 29 July 2007.[2] Catterick Garrison - About Us. British Army. Re-trieved 29 March 2013.[3] Catterick Garrisons Early History. Retrieved 30 March2014.[4] Every prisoner of war camp in the UK mapped andlisted. The Guardian. Retrieved 5 April 2014.[5] Ordnance Survey Open Viewer[6] Catterick Leisure Centre. Retrieved 30 March 2014.[7] Catterick Library. Retrieved 30 March 2014.[8] Ritz Cinema. Retrieved 30 March 2014.4 8 EXTERNAL LINKS[9] Foxglove Covert. Retrieved 30 March 2014.[10] CatterickTownCentrePlans. Retrieved30March2014.[11] Carnagill School. Retrieved 30 March 2014.[12] Wavell School. Retrieved 30 March 2014.[13] Le Cateau School. Retrieved 30 March 2014.[14] Schools in Catterick. Retrieved 30 March 2014.[15] Admissionarrangements for theNorthallertonarea.Secondaryschool admissions. North Yorkshire CountyCouncil. Retrieved 12 June 2013.[16] Darlington College at Catterick. Retrieved 30 March2014.[17] St. Joan of Arc, Catterick Garrison. Retrieved 30March 2014.[18] CWGC Cemetery Report, Catterick Garrison Cemetery.[19] CWGC Cemetery Report, Hipswell Churchyard.[20] 4th Mechanized Brigade. British Army. Retrieved 29March 2013.[21] 1 LANCS. British Army. Retrieved 29 March 2013.[22] 21 Engineer Regiment. British Army. Retrieved 29March 2013.[23] 19 Light Brigade. British Army. Retrieved 29 March2013.[24] The Yorkshire Gunners. British Army. Retrieved 29March 2013.[25] ITC Catterick - Battalions. British Army. Retrieved 29March 2013.[26] http://www.army.mod.uk/documents/general/Army2020_Report_v2.pdf7.2 BibliographyHoward N. Cole The Story of Catterick Camp 1915-1972 Headquarters Catterick Garrison (1972)8 External linksService Community Ocial Guide - Catterick2008/09Ocial Community Website - Catterick GarrisonOnline59 Text and image sources, contributors, and licenses9.1 Text Catterick Garrison Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Catterick_Garrison?oldid=655592119 Contributors: Cjrother, Finlay McWal-ter, Wereon, Necrothesp, El C, Harris000, Wimvandorst, TFoxton, RG2, SmackBot, AdamCarden, Sloman, Bluebot, Achmelvic,Rcbutcher, Andy C, Rrburke, DINOMAN, DantheCowMan, JanCeuleers, BrownHairedGirl, Jxb311, JHunterJ, Pit-yacker, Danrok,Richardguk, Richmondshire, Yorkshire Phoenix, Keith D, Nono64, Carre, Acalamari, Pandaplodder, VolkovBot, Cacolantern, TXiKi-BoT, Dormskirk, Redcap7760, Neilprescottspipe, Ipankonin, Winchelsea, Jack1956, Lightmouse, Jza84, Muhandes, Holmesha, Addbot,Luckas-bot, Thermometredupochard, Sodacan, Chiswell, Harry O The Lifts, Bellerophon, Higheld1730, FrescoBot, NetherSarum, Full-date unlinking bot, FoxBot, Acsian88, EmausBot, Gavbadger, SonofSetanta, ClueBot NG, Phd8511, NotWith, Cloptonson, Cyberbot II,ChrisGualtieri, Eyesnore, Bostonbetty, Troll hunter-69, Oldertimer, Breheney and Anonymous: 519.2 Images File:Commons-logo.svg Source: https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg License: ? 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File:Single_Living_Accommodation_(SLA)_at_Catterick_MOD_45152852.jpg Source: https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/52/Single_Living_Accommodation_%28SLA%29_at_Catterick_MOD_45152852.jpg License: OGL Contributors: Photo http://www.defenceimagery.mod.uk/fotoweb/fwbin/download.dll/45153802.jpg Original artist: Cpl Ian Forsyth RLC File:The_parade_ground_at_Helles_Barracks_Catterick_Garrison_-_geograph.org.uk_-_1192464.jpg Source: https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/1a/The_parade_ground_at_Helles_Barracks_Catterick_Garrison_-_geograph.org.uk_-_1192464.jpg License: CC BY-SA 2.0 Contributors: From geograph.org.uk Original artist: Phil Catterall File:Tudor_Rose.svg Source: https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/3f/Tudor_Rose.svg License: CC BY-SA 3.0 Contrib-utors: Own work Original artist: Sodacan9.3 Content license Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 3.0