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Solar Plant Commissioning Capacity (MWac) AC to DC Ratio Tracking Solar Panel Module Northwest Jacksonville Solar 2017 7.06 80.0%* North-South rows ++ Hanwha Q.Plus L- G4.2 330 Old Plank Road Solar 2017 3 80.0%* Fixed tilt Hanwha Q.Plus L- G4.2 330** Mount Signal Solar 1 2014 206 77.5% North-South rows FS-6420*** Solar Star 1 2014 314 78.9% North-South rows LG360Q1C-A5*** Solar Star 2 2014 266 76.0% North-South rows LG360Q1C-A5*** * Assumed according to the common practice in the indusry ** Assumed to be same as Jacksonville Solar as both of them are belong to JEA ***Assumed based on the information available on the web ++ The tracking axis is aligned parallel to longitude lines. Case study: Example of PV Solar Field in NOVO PRO ® Expert Program © Thermoflow Inc 2019 This case study compares simulation results from NOVO PRO ® with the plant actual performance for five solar plants. These plants have their actual operating data available to the general public on-line, courtesy of the plant owners.

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Solar Plant Commissioning

Capacity

(MWac)

AC to DC

Ratio Tracking Solar Panel Module

Northwest

Jacksonville Solar 2017 7.06 80.0%* North-South rows++Hanwha Q.Plus L-

G4.2 330

Old Plank Road Solar 2017 3 80.0%* Fixed tilt

Hanwha Q.Plus L-

G4.2 330**

Mount Signal Solar 1 2014 206 77.5% North-South rows FS-6420***

Solar Star 1 2014 314 78.9% North-South rows LG360Q1C-A5***

Solar Star 2 2014 266 76.0% North-South rows LG360Q1C-A5***

* Assumed according to the common practice in the indusry

** Assumed to be same as Jacksonville Solar as both of them are belong to JEA

***Assumed based on the information available on the web++The tracking axis is aligned parallel to longitude lines.

Case study: Example of PV Solar Field

in NOVO PRO®

Expert Program

© Thermoflow Inc 2019

This case study compares simulation results from NOVO PRO®

with the

plant actual performance for five solar plants. These plants have their

actual operating data available to the general public on-line, courtesy of

the plant owners.

Executive Summary

With maximum 6 inputs for each model, annual yields predicted by NOVO

PRO®

match with the real plants average annual outputs within ±5% for all

the five cases.

-3.3%-4.5%

3.8%

-1.6%-3.1%

-10%

-5%

0%

5%

10%

Northwest Jacksonville

Solar

Old Plank Road Solar

Mount Signal Solar 1

Solar Star 1 Solar Star 2

Annual Power Production NVP vs. Actual

© Thermoflow Inc 2019

Inputs to NOVO PRO®

Models

© Thermoflow Inc 2019

NOVO PRO® Inputs

Northwest

Jacksonville Solar

Old Plank

Road Solar

Mount Signal

Solar 1 Solar Star 1 Solar Star 2

Select Irradiance Data from

NVP database P P P P P

Select Ambient Data from NVP

database P P P P P

Input Inverter rated AC power

output P P P P P

Input Desired Inverter AC rating

/ Nominal panels DC rating P P P P P

Select Row Tilt / Tracking P P P P

Select PV Panel Model from

NVP Library / Set User-defined

Panel P P P P P

Northwest Jacksonville Solar plant

© Thermoflow Inc 2019

Yellow circle: JACKSONVILLE INTL ARPT, FL (# 722060) and the plant.

NOVO PRO®

is able to predict the plant

annual yield nicely, better than the onsite

prediction program which might have used

the onsite weather data.

0

500

1000

1500

2000

1/6

/20

17

1/8

/20

17

1/1

0/2

017

1/1

2/2

017

1/2

/20

18

1/4

/20

18

1/6

/20

18

1/8

/20

18

1/1

0/2

018

1/1

2/2

018

1/2

/20

19

MW

h

Monthly Power Production (MWh) Northwest Jacksonville

Inverters Site Performance Estimate NVP

-40%

-20%

0%

20%

40%

60%

80%

100%

1/6

/20

17

1/8

/20

17

1/1

0/2

017

1/1

2/2

017

1/2

/20

18

1/4

/20

18

1/6

/20

18

1/8

/20

18

1/1

0/2

018

1/1

2/2

018

1/2

/20

19

Monthly Deviation of Predicted PowerNorthwest Jacksonville

Site Performance Estimate NVP

12.3%

-3.3%

-10%

-5%

0%

5%

10%

15%

2018 Power Production vs. ActualNorthwest Jacksonville

Site Performance Estimate NVP

Note Jun & Jul 2018 data are taken out due to the inverter outputs are abnormally small .

© Thermoflow Inc 2019

Old Plank Road Solar Plant

© Thermoflow Inc 2019

Purple circle: the plant; yellow circle: JACKSONVILLE NAS, FL (# 722065)

Similar to Jacksonville plant, NOVO PRO®

is able to predict the plant annual yield nicely,

better than the onsite prediction program

which might have used the onsite weather

data.

-40%

-30%

-20%

-10%

0%

10%

20%

30%

1/1

2/2

017

1/1

/20

18

1/2

/20

18

1/3

/20

18

1/4

/20

18

1/5

/20

18

1/6

/20

18

1/7

/20

18

1/8

/20

18

1/9

/20

18

1/1

0/2

018

1/1

1/2

018

1/1

2/2

018

1/1

/20

19

1/2

/20

19

Monthly Deviation of Predicted Power

Old Plank Road

Predicted Onsite NVP

-4.5%

-11.5%

-15%

-10%

-5%

0%

5%2018 Power Production vs. Actual

Old Plank Road

NVP Predicted Onsite

150

250

350

450

550

650

1/1

2/2

017

1/1

/20

18

1/2

/20

18

1/3

/20

18

1/4

/20

18

1/5

/20

18

1/6

/20

18

1/7

/20

18

1/8

/20

18

1/9

/20

18

1/1

0/2

018

1/1

1/2

018

1/1

2/2

018

1/1

/20

19

1/2

/20

19

MW

h

Monthly Power Production (MWh)

Old Plank Road

Inverter Predicted Onsite NVP

© Thermoflow Inc 2019

Mount Signal Solar 1

© Thermoflow Inc 2019

Purple circle: the plant; yellow circle: yellow circle: IMPERIAL, CA (# 747185)

0

10,000

20,000

30,000

40,000

50,000

60,000

70,000

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12

MW

h

Monthly Power Production

Mount Signal Solar 1

NVP 2014 2015 2016 2017

-10%

-8%

-6%

-4%

-2%

0%

2%

4%

6%

8%

10%

2014 2015 2016 2017

Yearly Power Production Deviation

Mount Signal Solar 1

© Thermoflow Inc 2019

Results from NOVO PRO®

match with real

plant outputs very well.

The biggest deviation in 2014 could be due

to plant instability at its commissioning stage.

-30%

-20%

-10%

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12

Monthly Power Production Deviation

Mount Signal Solar 1

2014 2015 2016 2017

Solar Star Plants

© Thermoflow Inc 2019

Purple circle: the plants; yellow circle: LANCASTER GEN WM FOX FIELD, CA (# 723816)

0

20,000

40,000

60,000

80,000

100,000

120,000

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12

MW

h

Monthly Power Production

Solar Star 1

NVP 2015 2016 2017 2018

These three abnormal points are not included in

the deviation trends.

-10%

-8%

-6%

-4%

-2%

0%

2%

4%

6%

8%

10%

2015 2016 2017 2018

Yearly Power Production Deviation

Solar Star 1

© Thermoflow Inc 2019

Results from NOVO PRO®

match with real

plant outputs very well.

-50%

-40%

-30%

-20%

-10%

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12

Monthly Power Production Deviation

Solar Star 1

2015 2016 2017 2018

0

20,000

40,000

60,000

80,000

100,000

120,000

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12

MW

h

Monthly Power Production

Solar Star 2

NVP 2015 2016 2017 2018

-10%

-8%

-6%

-4%

-2%

0%

2%

4%

6%

8%

10%

2015 2016 2017 2018

Yearly Power Production Deviation

Solar Star 2

© Thermoflow Inc 2019

Results from NOVO PRO®

match with real

plant outputs very well.

-50%

-40%

-30%

-20%

-10%

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12

Monthly Power Production Deviation

Solar Star 2

2015 2016 2017 2018

Conclusions

© Thermoflow Inc 2019

1. PV Solar Field in NOVO PRO®

is very user-friendly.

2. Only six inputs by the users each of the five plants.

3. Built-in databases (weather database, irradiance database, PV

panel library, etc.) are all available within the program.

4. Annual yields from NOVO PRO®

match with plant actual figures very

well (within ±5%) for all the five plants.

5. NOVO PRO’s results are even better than the onsite programs’

estimation for the first two plants, in which onsite prediction data are

available.