CARPENTRY TOOLS

2-8 Holding Tool- is an apparatus used to accomplish f8he carpentry and joinery works. Holding tools maybe classified

according to the service required such as:A. Supporting – Carpentry works like sawing, chiseling, planning and the like need support to amply

sustain the working operations. The horse or trestle is one example of holding toolB. Retaining – Under this category, there are several kinds of holding tools regarded as rigid amd strong

enough in pressing tightly the material togeter. Example of which are Clamp and the Vise. Clamp is effective in tightly pressing pieces of wood or metal together in making tenon, mortise and other joints. Clamps are classified into: Singel screw jaw, double screw, chain, mitter and beam. Vise is a table tool designed to hold a piece of material rigidly secured in place to absorb severe blows. Various types of vise are Screw, parallel jaw, quick acting screw, swivel bottom and self adjusting jaw.

2-9 Toothed Cutting Tools- Toothed cutting tools are of utmost importance due to its versatility in service and demand. Toothed

cutting tools are classified as Saws, Files and Sandpaper.A. Saws maybe categorized into Hand saw, Circular saw and Band saw. With respect to its Cut, saw

maybe classified as cross cut, rip cut and combined rip and cross cut. With respect to Blade, saws are straight back, skewed back, narrowed rip back, hand and panel with adjustable handle . With respect to Service, saws are also classified as; cabinet, jointer, miter, stair, floor, buck or wood, compass, keyhole, coping and hack.

Angles of Saw TeethPrimarily, the efficient services of saws depends upon the angle of the teeth recommended as follows

1. The face of each cross cut tooth is slightly steeper than the back, making angle of about 60 degrees with the line of the teeth.

2. The rib saw face is at right angle or 90 degrees.

Files and RaspFiles are metal tools of different shape and size used for abrading, reducing smoothening and cutting

metal, wood or other material. And rasp is very coarse file that differs ffrom the ordinary file with its teeth running across the face of the file.

2-10 Sharp-Edge Cutting ToolsChisel is an indispensable tool in carpentry works considered as the most abused tool. It is often used for

prying, opening cases, screw driver and can opener. With respect to duty or service, chisel is classified as Paring, Firming and Framing. Paring chisel is a light duty tool used to plane long surfaces parallel with the grain of wood. Framing chisel is a heavy duty tool designed to withstand severe strain caused by hard blow of hammer in framing works where deep cuts are necessary. With respect to the length of blade: a.)butt (2.50-3.25) b.) pocket(4-5) c.)mill(6-10). With respecto to the edge of blade: Plain or Bevel. With respect to Handle Attachment it is neither Tang or Socket. With respect to shape of blade neither flat, round (gouge) and L or Corner. With respect to Abnormal Width of Blade: Slick or Gouge.

How Not To Abuse Your Chisel

1. Do not drive your chisel too deep into the work requiring extra pressure to throw the chips2. Do not use your framing chisel in monitoring heavy timber3. Keep the tool bright and sharp at all times4. Protrect the cutting edge when not in use.5. Never use the chisel to open boxes, can, cut metal and as screw driver or as putty knife

2-11 Rough Facing Tools

Rough Facing Tools are “striking tools” used through a series of blows. They are considered as inertia tools. The cut produced by these tools is considerably rough compared with that made by other tools. Example of rough facing tools are:

1. Hatchet is generally a utility tool used for sharpening stakes and cutting down timber to rough sizes.2. Axe is a tool used for splitting wood or hewing timber.3. Adze is a hatchet with the blade direction at right angle with handle.