cardiovascular system drugs ati

8/20/2019 Cardiovascular System Drugs ATI

1/48

Cardiovascular System Drugs

question="What is the brand/trade name of the angiotensin-converting enzyme

(ACE) inhibitor drug hose generic name is ca!to!ri#"

Ca!oten

$question question="What is the brand/trade name of the

adrenergic neuron boc%er drug hose generic name is reser!ine#"

anser="&er!aan' &%-eser!ine"/


adosterone antagonist drug hose generic name is s!ironoactone# "

anser="Adactone"/


a!ha* adrenergic boc%er drug hose generic name is do+azosin#"

anser="Cardura"/


a!ha/beta boc%er drug hose generic name is carvedio# " anser="Coreg"/$question question="What is the brand/trade name of the

angiotensin rece!tor boc%er (A,) drug hose generic name is osartan#"

anser="Cozaar"/

$question question="What are the brand/trade names for

the beta adrenergic boc%er drugs hose generic names are atenoo and

meto!roo# " anser="atenoo (enormin). meto!roo (o!ressor)"/


cacium channe boc%er (dihydro!yridine) drug hose generic name is

nifedi!ine#" anser="Adaat' 0rocardia"/


cardiac gycoside drug hose generic name is digo+in# " anser="ano+in"/


centray acting a!ha1 agonist drug hose generic name is conidine# "

anser="Cata!res"/

$question question="What are the brand/trade names of

the cass 2A/sodium channe boc%er drugs hose generic names are quinidine

and !rocainamide# " anser=" quinidine (A!o-3uinidine' 4ovo-3uinidine).

!rocainamide (0ronesty)"/


cass 2,/sodium channe boc%er drug hose generic name is idocaine# "

anser="5yocaine"/


the cass 2C/sodium channe boc%er drugs hose generic names are fecainide

and !ro!afenone#" anser="fecainide (ambocor). !ro!afenone (ythmo)"/


cass 22/beta adrenergic boc%er drug hose generic name is !ro!ranoo# "

anser="2ndera"/


2/48


cass 222/!otassium channe boc%er drug hose generic name is amiodarone# "

anser="Cordarone"/


cass 26/cacium channe boc%er drug hose generic name is vera!ami# "

anser="Caan"/$question question="What is the brand/trade name of the

direct acting vasodiator drug hose generic name is hydraazine#"

anser="A!resoine"/


fibrate drug hose generic name is gemfibrozi#" anser="o!id"/


789-CoA reductase inhibitor (statin) drug hose generic name is simvastatin# "

anser=":ocor"/


oo! diuretic drug hose generic name is furosemide# " anser="asi+"/


the nitrate drugs hose generic names are nitrogycerin and isosorbide

dinitrate#" anser="nitrogycerin (4itrostat' 4itro-;ur' 4itro-,id).

isosorbide dinitrate (2sordi)"/


!hos!hodiesterase inhibitor drug hose generic name is mirinone#"

anser="0rimacor"/


!otassium-s!aring diuretic drug hose generic name is s!ironoactone# "

anser="Adactone"/


sym!athomimetic drug hose generic name is dobutamine#" anser=";obutre+"/


thiazide diuretic drug hose generic name is hydrochorothiazide# "

anser="7ydro;2


3/48

$question question="What is the generic name of the

a!ha* adrenergic boc%er drug hose brand/trade name is Cardura#" anser="

do+azosin "/


a!ha/beta boc%er drug hose brand/trade name is Coreg#" anser="carvedio

"/$question question="What is the generic name of an

angiotensin rece!tor boc%er (A,) drug hose brand/trade name is Cozaar#"

anser="osartan"/

$question question="What are the generic names for the

beta adrenergic drugs hose brand/trade names are enormin and o!ressor#"

anser="atenoo (enormin). meto!roo (o!ressor)"/


cacium channe boc%er (dihydro!yridine) drug hose brand/trade names are

Adaat and 0rocardia#" anser="nifedi!ine"/


cardiac gycoside drug hose brand/trade name is ano+in#" anser="digo+in"/


centray acting a!ha1 agonist drug hose brand/trade name is Cata!res#"

anser="conidine "/

$question question="What are the generic names of the

cass 2A/sodium channe boc%er drugs hose brand/trade names are A!o-

3uinidine' 4ovo-3uinidine and 0ronesty#" anser=" quinidine (A!o-3uinidine'

4ovo-3uinidine). !rocainamide (0ronesty)"/


cass 2,/sodium channe boc%er drug hose brand/trade name is 5yocaine#"

anser="idocaine"/

$question question="What are the generic names of the

cass 2C/sodium channe boc%er drugs hose brand/trade names are ambocor and

ythmo#" anser=" fecainide (ambocor). !ro!afenone (ythmo)"/


cass 22/beta adrenergic boc%er drug hose brand/trade name is 2ndera#"

anser="!ro!ranoo "/


cass 222/!otassium channe boc%er drug hose brand/trade name is Cordarone#"

anser="amiodarone "/


cass 26/cacium channe boc%er drug hose brand/trade name is Caan#"anser="vera!ami "/


direct acting vasodiator (hydraazine) drug hose brand/trade name is

A!resoine#" anser="hydraazine"/


fibrate drug hose brand/trade name is o!id#" anser="gemfibrozi "/


4/48


789-CoA reductase inhibitor (statin) drug hose brand/trade name is :ocor#"

anser="simvastatin"/


oo! diuretic drug hose brand/trade name is asi+#" anser="furosemide"/

$question question="What are the generic names of thenitrate drugs hose brand/trade names are 8initran' 4itroca!' 4itro-;ur'

4itrogard' 4itrodisc. and 2sordi#" anser="nitrogycerin (4itrostat' 4itro-

;ur' 4itro-,id). isosorbide dinitrate (2sordi)"/


!hos!hodiesterase inhibitor drug hose brand/trade name is 0rimacor#"

anser="mirinone"/


!otassium-s!aring diuretic drug hose brand/trade name is Adactone#"

anser="s!ironoactone"/


sym!athomimetic drug hose brand/trade name is ;obutre+#" anser="dobutamine

"/


thiazide diuretic drug hose brand/trade name is 7ydro;2


5/48

$question question="What are some of the thera!eutic

uses for the a!ha/beta boc%er carvedio (Coreg)#" anser="$u$i reats

hy!ertension

$/i$i reats heart faiure aong ith digo+in' angiotensin-converting

enzymes (ACE) inhibitors' and diuretics

$/i$i 0roongs chance of surviva fooing myocardia infarction$/i$/u"/


uses for the angiotensin rece!tor boc%er (A,) osartan (Cozaar)#"

anser="$u$i reats hy!ertension

$/i$i 0revents stro%e

$/i$i 8anages diabetic ne!hro!athy

$/i$/u"/


uses for the beta adrenergic boc%ers atenoo (enormin) and meto!roo

(o!ressor)#" anser="$u$i reats hy!ertension

$/i$i reats angina !ectoris

$/i$i ;ecreases mortaity fooing myocardia infarction

$/i$i reats cardiac dysrhythmias (investigationa use)

$/i$i reats heart faiure

$/i$/u"/


uses for the cacium channe boc%er (dihydro!yridine) nifedi!ine (Adaat'

0rocardia)#" anser="$u$i reats mid to moderate hy!ertension

$/i$i reats stabe (e+ertiona) angina and variant (vasos!astic) anginas

$/i$/u"/


uses for the cardiac gycoside digo+in (ano+in)#" anser="$u$i reats

mid to moderate hy!ertension

$/i$i reats stabe (e+ertiona) angina and variant (vasos!astic) anginas

$/i$/u"/


uses for the centray acting a!ha1 agonist conidine (Cata!res)#"

anser="$u$i 7y!ertension

$/i$i &evere !ain reief (administered by e!idura infusion)

$/i$i ff-abe uses> migraine headache (!revention). ithdraa fromacoho' o!ioids' and nicotine. dysmenorrhea and meno!ausa hot fashes.

attention deficit hy!eractivity disorder in chidren. ourette?s syndrome

$/i$/u"/


uses for the cass 2A/sodium channe boc%er drugs quinidine (A!o-3uinidine'

4ovo-3uinidine) and !rocainamide (0ronesty)#" anser="$u$i ,road s!ectrum


6/48

antidysrhythmics treat atria fibriation' su!raventricuar and ventricuar

tachycardias@

$/i$i 3uinidine is used more for ong-term treatment hie !rocainamide is

used ony for short-term treatment due to severe adverse effects@

$/i$/u"/

$question question="What are some of the thera!euticuses for the cass 2,/sodium channe boc%er idocaine (5yocaine)#"

anser="$u$i 26> Contros ony ventricuar dysrhythmias caused by

myocardia infarction' cardiac surgery or !rocedures' digo+in to+icity

$/i$i oca> 0rovides oca or regiona anesthesia

$/i$/u"/


uses for the cass 2C/sodium channe boc%ers fecainide (ambocor) and

!ro!afenone (ythmo)#" anser="$u$i reat serious su!raventricuar and

ventricuar tachydysrhythmias not controed by other antidysrhythmics

$/i$i


7/48

$/i$/u"/


uses for the fibrate drug gemfibrozi (o!id)#" anser="$u$i educes high

eves of !asma trigycerides

$/i$i educes ; choestero (ess effectivey than statins)

$/i$/u"/$question question="What are some of the thera!eutic

uses for the 789-CoA reductase inhibitor (statin) drug simvastatin (:ocor)#"

anser="$u$i educes ; and trigycerides

$/i$i 2ncreases 7; choestero

$/i$i ecommended to reduce mortaity in !atients ith ty!e 1 diabetes

meitus

$/i$/u"/


uses for the oo! diuretic furosemide (asi+)#" anser="$u$i reats

!umonary edema in heart faiure

$/i$i reats edema caused by rena' he!atic' or cardiac faiure not

affected by other diuretics

$/i$i reats hy!ertension not controed by other diuretics

$/i$/u"/


uses for the nitrate drugs nitrogycerin (4itrostat' 4itro-;ur' 4itro-,id) and

isosorbide dinitrate (2sordi)#" anser="$u$i reatment and !ro!hya+is of

angina !ectoris

$/i$i a!id-acting forms (ony transmucosa tabets' transingua s!ray

and subingua tabets treat an angina attac%)

$/i$i onger-acting forms' such as reguar tabets' immediate reease or

sustained reease tabets/ca!sues' are used to !revent attac%s from

occurring@

$/i$i 26 nitrogycerin is used for severe unstabe angina attac%s and to

contro bood !ressure !erio!erativey and to treat heart faiure after acute

myocardia infarction@

$/i$/u"/

$question question="What is a thera!eutic use for the

!hos!hodiesterase inhibitor drug mirinone (0rimacor)#" anser="&hort-term

treatment of o cardiac out!ut in heart faiure"/


uses for the !otassium-s!aring diuretic drug s!ironoactone (Adactone)#"anser="$u$i 7y!ertension

$/i$i Edema caused by heart faiure

$/i$i Cirrhosis of the iver

$/i$i 4e!hrotic syndrome

$/i$i 7y!o%aemia"/


8/48

$question question="What is a thera!eutic use for the

sym!athomimetic drug dobutamine (;obutre+)#" anser="2ncreases cardiac out!ut

in severe heart faiure (short-term use ony)"/


uses for the thiazide diuretic hydrochorothiazide (7ydro;2


9/48

$/i$i ,eginning dose is decreased for !atients ta%ing diuretics or ith

iver faiure@

$/i$/u"/

$question question="7o shoud the beta adrenergic

boc%ers atenoo (enormin) and meto!roo (o!ressor) be given#"

anser="$u$i ra or 26 use@$/i$i 9ive 26 initiay and then oray for acute myocardia infarction@

$/i$i 9ive oray for hy!ertension@

$/i$i Atenoo is avaiabe in a tabet' hich may be crushed or

saoed@

$/i$i 8eto!roo is avaiabe as an immediate-reease tabet (o!ressor)

or in a sustained-reease dose (o!ro 5) that must not be crushed and must

be saoed hoe@

$/i$i Absor!tion of meto!roo may be enhanced ith food. ta%e at

consistent time each day@

$/i$i Atenoo is best ta%en before meas or at bedtime@

$/i$/u"/

$question question="7o shoud the cacium channe

boc%er (dihydro!yridine) drug nifedi!ine (Adaat' 0rocardia) be given#"

anser="$u$i Avaiabe for ora use in ca!sues and sustained-reease

tabets. sustained-reease form is a!!roved to treat hy!ertension@

$/i$i &ustained-reease form must be saoed hoe' and not cheed or

crushed@

$/i$i o !revent refe+ tachycardia' nifedi!ine may be combined ith a

beta boc%er@

$/i$/u"/

$question question="7o shoud the cardiac gycoside

digo+in (ano+in) be given#" anser="$u$i Avaiabe as ora tabets'

ca!sues and ei+ir as e as for 26 use@

$/i$i 9ive ora form ith or ithout food@

$/i$i abets may be crushed and mi+ed ith food if necessary@

$/i$i 26 form may be administered directy over at east D min. monitor

site carefuy for infitration' hich may cause tissue damage@

$/i$/u"/

$question question="7o shoud the centray-acting

a!ha1 agonist conidine (Cata!res) be given#" anser="$u$i Avaiabe

oray or as transderma !atch to treat hy!ertension@

$/i$i 9ive ora dose at bedtime to !revent daytime sedation@$/i$i ,egin ora dosage o and graduay increase to !revent severe

hy!otension@

$/i$i A!!y transderma !atch to a dry' reativey hairess area of s%in

on the u!!er outer arm or anterior chest once every days@

$/i$i otate transderma sites and monitor s%in for infammation'

irritation@

$/i$i ,e sure to remove the od !atch before a!!ying a ne !atch@


10/48

$/i$/u"/

$question question="7o shoud the cass 2A/sodium

channe boc%er drugs quinidine (A!o-3uinidine' 4ovo-3uinidine) and

!rocainamide (0ronesty) be given#" anser="$u$i Avaiabe in ora' 28 and

26 forms@

$/i$i 9ive ora dose * hr before or 1 hr after meas for best absor!tion.give ith food if gastrointestina (92) sym!toms occur@

$/i$i ;o not crush or che e+tended-reease tabets@

$/i$i 2f giving 26 !rocainamide' ait hr before administering an ora

dose@

$/i$i For 26 doses' use an 26 !um! and infuse at recommended rate and

diution@

$/i$i 8uti!e 26 soution incom!atibiities e+ist. avoid infusing ith

other drugs or soutions@

$/i$/u"/

$question question="7o shoud the cass 2,/sodium

channe boc%er idocaine (5yocaine) be given#" anser="$u$i Avaiabe

for 28' 26 infusion (26 !referred for dysrhythmias. oca administration for

anesthesia ony)@

$/i$i Add * g idocaine to 1DG or DGG m de+trose DH in ater (;DW) and

infuse at * to mg/min (!er !rescri!tion)using an 26 !um!@

$/i$i Ensure that the correct idocaine !re!aration is used for the

s!ecific ty!e of thera!y (abeed for 26 use ony)@

$/i$i 2ncom!atibe in soution or tubing ith other drugs' such as some

antibiotics' !henytoin@

$/i$/u"/

$question question="7o shoud the cass 2C/sodium

channe boc%ers fecainide (ambocor) and !ro!afenone (ythmo) be given#"

anser="$u$i Avaiabe for ora use ony@

$/i$i ,egin ith o dose and increase graduay no more frequenty than

every days unti ma+imum or desired dose has been reached@

$/i$/u"/

$question question="7o shoud the cass 22/beta

adrenergic boc%er !ro!ranoo (2ndera) be given#" anser="$u$i Avaiabe

for ora or 26 use@

$/i$i


11/48

$question question="7o shoud the cass 222/!otassium

channe boc%er amiodarone (Cordarone) be given#" anser="$u$i ra and 26

use@

$/i$i 9ive ora amiodarone ith or ithout food' but at consistent times

during the day@

$/i$i 2nfuse 26 dose through centra ine catheter to !reventthrombo!hebitis of !eri!hera 26 sites@

$/i$i ,egin ora dosing ith hos!itaized !atient@

$/i$i Correct o !otassium or magnesium eves before beginning thera!y@

$/i$/u"/

$question question="7o shoud the cass 26/cacium

channe boc%er vera!ami (Caan) be given#" anser="$u$i ra or 26 use@

$/i$i 9ive ora dose ith food to !revent gastrointestina (92) u!set@

$/i$i Ca!sues may be o!ened and s!rin%ed on food' but not cheed or

dissoved in iquid@

$/i$i 26 form> 9ive dose using recommended diution over 1 to B min.

monitor cardiac rhythm and vita signs continuousy@

$/i$/u"/

$question question="7o shoud the direct-acting

vasodiator (hydraazine) drug hydraazine (A!resoine) be given#"

anser="$u$i ra' 28' or 26 forms@

$/i$i 9ive ora dose ith food to enhance effectiveness@

$/i$i ra dosage usuay begins o and is graduay increased@

$/i$i Administer 26 form undiuted. do not add to other soutions@

$/i$/u"/

$question question="7o shoud the fibrate drug

gemfibrozi (o!id) be given#" anser="$u$i ra use ony@

$/i$i


12/48

$/i$i 0rotect a forms from ight. store ora soution in refrigerator

and other forms at controed room tem!erature@

$/i$/u"/

$question question="7o shoud the nitrate drugs

nitrogycerin (4itrostat' 4itro-;ur' 4itro-,id) and isosorbide dinitrate

(2sordi) be given#" anser="$u$i 4itrogycerin is avaiabe as subinguatabets' sustained-reease ca!sues or tabets' a transingua s!ray or

transmucosa tabets' transderma ointment or !atch' and 26 form@

$/i$i o ty!es of isosorbide are avaiabe@

$/i$i 2sosorbide dinitrate (2sordi) is avaiabe in reguar' cheabe'

subingua' or sustained-reease tabets@

$/i$i 0ace subingua tabets under tongue to dissove hen chest !ain

starts. if not reieved in D min' ca I**' ta%e a second tabet. ta%e a third

tabet D min ater if no reief@

$/i$i &ubingua s!rays> ;ose equas * or 1 s!rays. as for subingua

tabets' no more than B doses in a *D min !eriod@

$/i$i 0atient shoud not sao transderma or transmucosa tabets. may

need to moisten mouth to he! tabet dissove@

$/i$i &tore tabets in a dar%' tighty cosed container for no more than

1 months after o!ening@

$/i$i ransderma !atches are for !revention ony. a!!y to a hairess

area and rotate sites@

$/i$i emove !atches for *G to *1 hr daiy to !revent toerance. a!!y

!atch in morning' remove at night@

$/i$i o!ica ointment> ;osage measured as amount squeezed from tube (e@g@

1 inches = BG mg). a!!y to dry s%in and cover area ith !astic ra!@

$/i$i When discontinuing ong-acting forms' ta!er doses to !revent

increased chest !ain (vasos!asm)@

$/i$i 26 form is infused continuousy in a gass botte ith s!ecia

tubing ony@

$/i$/u"/

$question question="7o shoud the !hos!hodiesterase

inhibitor mirinone (0rimacor) be given#" anser="$u$i 26 infusion ony@

$/i$i 9ive a oading dose over *G min and then administer a dose based on

!atient?s eight by continuous infusion@

$/i$i &ome soution incom!atibiities e+ist. use dedicated 26 ine if

!ossibe@

$/i$/u"/$question question="7o shoud the !otassium-s!aring

diuretic s!ironoactone (Adactone) be given#" anser="$u$i ra use@

$/i$i a%e ith food to increase absor!tion@

$/i$i abets may be crushed and mi+ed ith food or fuid if !atient is

unabe to sao them hoe@

$/i$/u"/


13/48

$question question="7o shoud the sym!athomimetic drug

dobutamine (;obutre+) be given#" anser="$u$i 26 infusion ony@

$/i$i ;ose based on !atient?s eight and titrated based on continuous

monitoring of vita signs' EC9' urine out!ut' and (if avaiabe) cardiac

out!ut and !umonary edge !ressures@

$/i$i 0ea% effect obtained about *G min after infusion begins@$/i$i 8uti!e infusion incom!atibiities e+ist. use dedicated 26 ine for

infusion@

$/i$i Correct any fuid voume deficits before administering dobutamine@

$/i$/u"/

$question question="7o shoud the thiazide diuretic

hydrochorothiazide (7ydro;2


14/48

eser!ine)#" anser="$u$i &evere de!ression and ris% for suicide' hich

may inger after reser!ine is discontinued

$/i$i ,radycardia and orthostatic hy!otension

$/i$i 9astrointestina sym!toms> diarrhea' abdomina cram!ing

$/i$/u"/

$question question="What is a side and/or adverseeffect of the adosterone antagonist s!ironoactone (Adactone)#"

anser="7y!er%aemia"/

$question question="What are some of the side and/or

adverse effects of the a!ha* adrenergic boc%er do+azosin (Cardura)#"

anser="$u$i rthostatic hy!otension -es!eciay ith first dose and ith

dose increases

$/i$i efe+ tachycardia

$/i$i 7eadache

$/i$/u"/


adverse effects of the a!ha/beta boc%er carvedio (Coreg)#"

anser="$u$i ;izziness' hy!otension

$/i$i ,radycardia due to boc%ade of beta* rece!tors. may ead to reduced

cardiac out!ut

$/i$/u"/


adverse effects of the angiotensin rece!tor boc%er (A,) osartan (Cozaar)#"

anser="$u$i Angioedema (occurs ess than ith angiotensin-converting

enzyme (ACE) inhibitors' but sti a !otentia ris%)

$/i$i 7eadache' insomnia

$/i$i &evere hy!otension may occur ith overdose or in voume de!etion

$/i$/u"/


adverse effects of the beta adrenergic boc%ers atenoo (enormin) and

meto!roo (o!ressor)#" anser="$u$i ,radycardia due to boc%ade of beta*

rece!tors. may ead to reduced cardiac out!ut

$/i$i 7eart faiure - shortness of breath' edema' coughing at night

$/i$i ebound e+citation causing angina !ain or myocardia infarction (82)

ith sudden ithdraa of beta boc%er in !atient ith coronary heart disease

(C7;)

$/i$/u"/

$question question="What are some of the side and/oradverse effects of the cacium channe boc%er (dihydro!yridine) drug

nifedi!ine (Adaat' 0rocardia)#" anser="$u$i efe+ tachycardia causing

increased angina !ain in !atients ith angina. this effect is more i%ey ith

faster-acting tabets than the sustained-reease form

$/i$i ightheadedness' dizziness (caused by vasodiation)

$/i$i Facia fushing' !erce!tion of heat (caused by vasodiation)

$/i$i 0eri!hera edema of feet and egs


15/48

$/i$i 7y!otension' es!eciay ith overdose

$/i$i 9ingiva hy!er!asia (groth of gum tissue' beeding gums)

$/i$/u"/


adverse effects of the cardiac gycoside digo+in (ano+in)#" anser="$u$i

4ausea' vomiting' anore+ia (may be adverse effects or signs of eary to+icity)$/i$i Centra nervous system sym!toms> headache' visua disturbances' such

as yeo vision and burred vision (these may be adverse effects or signs of

eary to+icity)

$/i$i Cardiac dysrhythmias' es!eciay i%ey ith digo+in to+icity

(outside the very narro thera!eutic range of G@D to G@M ng/m)@ Any

dysrhythmia may occur' ith A6 boc% being most common

$/i$/u"/


adverse effects of the centray acting a!ha1 agonist' conidine (Cata!res)#"

anser="$u$i Centra nervous system effects> drosiness' dizziness

$/i$i ;ry mouth

$/i$i ebound hy!ertensive crisis

$/i$/u"/


adverse effects of the cass 2A/sodium channe boc%er drugs quinidine (A!o-

3uinidine' 4ovo-3uinidine) and !rocainamide (0ronesty)#" anser="$u$i

4ausea' vomiting' diarrhea

$/i$i achycardia (more frequent ith quinidine due to antichoinergic

effects)

$/i$i 7y!otension (ess severe ith ora administration than 26)

$/i$i Widen the 3& com!e+ and !roong 3 interva

$/i$i 6entricuar dysrhythmias occur due to to+icity. ora or 26 thera!y

(3& too ide or 3 interva too ong)

$/i$i Arteria emboism (caused by disodging sma cots) if treating

atria fibriation

$/i$i &!eed shoc% ith too ra!id 26 infusion (fushing' headache'

irreguar heart rate' severe hy!otension' oss of consciousness' cardiac

arrest)

$/i$i 3uinidine> Cinchonism (tinnitus' visua disturbances' headache'

nausea' vomiting)

$/i$i 0rocainamide> &E (systemic u!us erythematosus) seen in DGH of!atients after a year of high dose ora thera!y)

$/i$i Agranuocytosis (!rocainamide ith continued use)

$/i$/u"/


adverse effects of the cass 2,/sodium channe boc%er idocaine (5yocaine)#"

anser="$u$i C4& effects (to+icity)> confusion' drosiness' restessness'

!aresthesias' musce titching or tremors' seizures' res!iratory arrest


16/48

$/i$i 7y!otension' bradycardia' heart boc% ith high doses

$/i$/u"/


adverse effects of the cass 2C/sodium channe boc%ers fecainide (ambocor)

and !ro!afenone (ythmo)#" anser="$u$i 6isua effects> burred vision'

difficuty focusing$/i$i Worsening of heart faiure. edema

$/i$i Widen 3& com!e+. !roongs 3 and 0 intervas

$/i$i 0otentia for *st degree atrioventricuar (A6) boc%. muti!e

dysrhythmias may occur

$/i$/u"/


adverse effects of the cass 22/beta adrenergic boc%er !ro!ranoo

(2ndera)#" anser="$u$i ,radycardia due to boc%ade of beta* rece!tors.

may ead to reduced cardiac out!ut

$/i$i 7eart faiure

$/i$i ebound e+citation causing angina !ain or myocardia infarction (82)

ith sudden ithdraa of beta boc%er in !atient ith coronary heart disease

(C7;)

$/i$i 0eri!hera arteria insufficiency (simiar to aynaud?s disease)

$/i$i Centra nervous system (C4&) effects> confusion' fatigue' drosiness

$/i$/u"/


adverse effects of the cass 222/!otassium channe boc%er amiodarone

(Cordarone)#" anser="$u$i4ausea' vomiting' consti!ation

$/i$i 0umonary to+icity ith !neumonitis (causing fever' cough' shortness

of breath) - occur most frequenty ith ong-term and/or high-dose use and may

ead to !umonary fibrosis

$/i$i 6isua effects> o!tic neuro!athy ith !ossibe bindness and cornea

microde!osits' hich may cause severe sensitivity to ight' burred vision

$/i$i Cardiac effects> bradycardia and hy!otension (common ith 26 dose)

$/i$i 7eart faiure may be orsened by amiodarone thera!y

$/i$i ,ue-grey discooration of s%in

$/i$i C4& effects> dizziness' tremor' haucinations"/


adverse effects of the cass 26/cacium channe boc%er vera!ami (Caan)#"

anser="$u$i 7y!otension' es!eciay ith 26 dose or overdose$/i$i ,radycardia' es!eciay ith 26 dose' but aso ith ora thera!y

$/i$i 7eart faiure' !eri!hera edema of feet and egs

$/i$i ightheadedness' dizziness (caused by vasodiation)"/


adverse effects of the direct-acting vasodiator drug hydraazine

(A!resoine)#" anser="$u$i 7eadache and !a!itations (es!eciay in first

fe hours fooing first dose' and usuay subsiding s!ontaneousy)


17/48

$/i$i achycardia

$/i$i A systemic u!us erythematosus (&E)-i%e syndrome may occur (facia

rash' Noint !ain' fever' ne!hritis' !ericarditis) - most i%ey ith high

doses

$/i$i Fuid retention' edema

$/i$/u"/$question question="What are some of the side and/or

adverse effects of the fibrate drug gemfibrozi (o!id)#" anser="$u$i

4ausea' vomiting' diarrhea

$/i$i 9astones

$/i$i 8yo!athy (!ain in musces and Noints)

$/i$i iver to+icity

$/i$/u"/


adverse effects of the 789-CoA reductase inhibitor (statin) drug simvastatin

(:ocor)#" anser="$u$i 8yo!athy (!ain in musces and Noints' hich can

!rogress to rhabdomyoysis Kbrea%don of musce !rotein causing %idney

damageL)

$/i$i iver to+icity"/


adverse effects of the oo! diuretic furosemide (asi+)#" anser="$u$i

Eectroyte imbaance> hy!onatremia' hy!ochoremia' severe fuid oss

(dehydration)' and hy!o%aemia

$/i$i 7y!otension

$/i$i toto+icity (a oo! diuretics)> tem!orary or !ermanent de!ending

on the s!ecific drug

$/i$i 7y!ergycemia (es!eciay in !atients ho have diabetes meitus)

$/i$i 2ncreased uric acid eves (hy!eruricemia) ith !ossibe gouty

arthritis in susce!tibe !atients

$/i$/u"/


adverse effects of the nitrate drugs nitrogycerin (4itrostat' 4itro-;ur'

4itro-,id) and isosorbide dinitrate (2sordi)#" anser="$u$i 7eadache

(severe at first' reduced ith treatment)

$/i$i rthostatic hy!otension

$/i$i achycardia

$/i$i oerance deveo!s quic%y to a forms (decreased effectiveness)

$/i$/u"/$question question="What are some of the side and/or

adverse effects of the !hos!hodiesterase inhibitor mirinone (0rimacor)#"

anser="$u$i 7y!o%aemia

$/i$i Cardiac dysrhythmias' hy!otension

$/i$i Angina chest !ain

$/i$/u"/


18/48


adverse effects of the !otassium-s!aring diuretic s!ironoactone (Adactone)#"

anser="$u$i 7y!er%aemia

$/i$i 8enstrua irreguarities' abnorma hair groth (e@g@ on face)' and

dee!ening of voice may occur in omen. gynecomastia (groth of breast tissue)

may occur in men$/i$/u"/


adverse effects of the sym!athomimetic drug dobutamine (;obutre+)#"

anser="$u$i achycardia' cardiac dysrhythmias' and !ossibe angina

!ain"/


adverse effects of the thiazide diuretic hydrochorothiazide (7ydro;2 hy!onatremia' hy!ochoremia' severe

fuid oss (dehydration)' and hy!o%aemia

$/i$i 7y!ergycemia (es!eciay in !atients ho have diabetes meitus)

$/i$i 2ncreased uric acid eves (hy!eruricemia) ith !ossibe gouty

arthritis in susce!tibe !atients

$/i$/u"/


adverse effects of the direct renin inhibitor ais%iren (e%turna)#"

anser="$u$i 7y!er%aemia

$/i$i Cough or angioedema (seing of mouth' throat)

$/i$i ;iarrhea' abdomina !ain

$/i$/u"/

$/cha!ter

$cha!ter Cha!ter4ame="4ursing 2nterventions"

$question question="What interventions shoud the

heath care !rofessiona use hen caring for a !atient ho is ta%ing the

angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor ca!to!ri (Ca!oten)#"

anser="$u$i &tart angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors ith o

dose and graduay increase to !revent hy!otension@

$/i$i ;iuretics may be tem!orariy sto!!ed before first dose of ACE

inhibitor is given@

$/i$i 8onitor bood !ressure (,0) fooing first dose@

$/i$i 8anage severe hy!otension by e+!anding bood voume ith 26 fuid

thera!y@

$/i$i ;iscontinue use if dry cough occurs@$/i$i e!ort rash and metaic taste (ACE inhibitor may be discontinued)@

$/i$i reat severe angioedema ith 26 e!ine!hrine@

$/i$i ;iscontinue use if angioedema occurs@

$/i$i 8onitor !otassium eves in a !atient ho is at ris%' because the

drug can cause hy!er%aemia@


19/48

$/i$i 8onitor hite bood ce counts ith differentia every 1 ee%s for

first B months of thera!y and then !eriodicay' because the drug can cause

neutro!enia and increase the ris% for infection@

$/i$/u"/

$question question="What interventions shoud theheath care !rofessiona use hen caring for a !atient ho is ta%ing the

adrenergic neuron boc%er reser!ine (&er!aan and &%-eser!ine)#"

anser="$u$i e!ort signs of de!ression and suicida ideation to !rovider@

$/i$i Ensure that oest !ossibe dosage of reser!ine is being given@

$/i$i 8onitor !use rate and orthostatic vita signs and re!ort

bradycardia@

$/i$i Assist ith ambuation@

$/i$i e!ort severe or !roonged gastrointestina (92) effects (diarrhea'

cram!s)@

$/i$/u"/



adosterone antagonist s!ironoactone (Adactone)#" anser="$u$i 8onitor

for signs of hy!er%aemia@

$/i$i 8onitor !eriodic !otassium eves' ,


20/48

angiotensin rece!tor boc%er (A,) osartan (Cozaar)# " anser="$u$i reat

severe angioedema ith 26 e!ine!hrine@

$/i$i ;iscontinue use of any angiotensin rece!tor boc%er (A,) if

angioedema occurs@

$/i$i 8onitor for and re!ort C4& effects (headache' insomnia)@

$/i$i 8onitor bood !ressure (,0) before administering osartan dose@$/i$i 8anage severe hy!otension by e+!anding voume using 26 fuid

thera!y@

$/i$/u"/


heath care !rofessiona use hen caring for a !atient ho is ta%ing the beta

adrenergic boc%ers atenoo (enormin) and meto!roo (o!ressor)#"

anser="$u$i e!ort heart rate soer than JG beats/min (or !rearrange

!arameter) to !rovider@

$/i$i 8onitor for signs of heart faiure and re!ort to !rovider@

$/i$i each !atient not to sto! suddeny to !revent rebound e+citation

causing angina !ain or myocardia infarction in a !atient ho has coronary

heart disease@

$/i$i n discontinuation' ta!er dose soy over * to 1 ee%s@

$/i$/u"/



cacium channe boc%er (dihydro!yridine) drug nifedi!ine (Adaat'

0rocardia)#" anser="$u$i 9ive nifedi!ine aong ith beta boc%er to

!revent tachycardia@

$/i$i 8onitor heart rate@

$/i$i e!ort angina' ightheadedness' dizziness@

$/i$i Assist ith ambuation as needed@

$/i$i 2nform !atient that facia fushing may occur@

$/i$i e!ort !eri!hera edema (a diuretic may be !rescribed if edema

occurs)@

$/i$i 8onitor bood !ressure carefuy as starting dosage is estabished@

$/i$i 4otify !rovider and ithhod dose for bood !ressure (,0) beo IG

mm 7g systoic or for !rearranged !arameter@

$/i$i 2ns!ect gingiva tissue !eriodicay for enargement (nifedi!ine may

be discontinued)@

$/i$i Advise reguar denta care@$/i$/u"/



cardiac gycoside digo+in (ano+in)#" anser="$u$i ecognize that vomiting

may cause hy!o%aemia' hich increases ris% for digo+in to+icity@

$/i$i e!ort gastrointestina (92) sym!toms

$/i$i e!ort centra nervous system (C4&) effects


21/48

$/i$i a%e a!ica !use for a minute before administering digo+in.

ithhod drug if !use fas beo !rescribed !arameters (such as JG beats/min

in aduts)@

$/i$i 8onitor digo+in eves frequenty@

$/i$i 8onitor serum !otassium eves. administer !otassium for o or

borderine o vaues@$/i$i 8onitor cardiac rhythm and treat dysrhythmias !er !rotoco@

$/i$i For severe digo+in to+icity' digo+in immune FA, (;igibind) is

administered 26 as an antidote to neutraize digo+in@

$/i$/u"/



centray acting a!ha1 agonist conidine (Cata!res)#" anser="$u$i

8onitor !atient for drosiness' dizziness@

$/i$i e !atient that this effect i decrease over first fe ee%s of

thera!y@

$/i$i When discontinued' ta!er dose soy over severa days@

$/i$/u"/


heath care !rofessiona use hen caring for a !atient ho is ta%ing the cass

2A/sodium channe boc%er drugs quinidine (A!o-3uinidine' 4ovo-3uinidine) and

!rocainamide (0ronesty)#" anser="$u$i e!ort gastrointestina (92)

nausea' vomiting' diarrhea@

$/i$i 8onitor !use rate because the drug can cause tachycardia@

$/i$i 8onitor bood !ressure because the drug can cause hy!otension@

$/i$i Oee! !atient su!ine during 26 thera!y@

$/i$i 8onitor EC9 !eriodicay ith ora thera!y or constanty ith 26

thera!y. if cardiac effects such as ventricuar dysrhythmias occur' ithhod

sodium channe boc%er and notify !rovider@

$/i$i 8onitor !asma drug eves to determine eary to+icity@

$/i$i Warfarin may be administered for severa ee%s before and after

sodium channe boc%er thera!y@

$/i$i 8onitor for signs of !umonary emboism@

$/i$i


22/48

2,/sodium channe boc%er idocaine (5yocaine)#" anser="$u$i 8onitor

confusion' drosiness' restessness' !aresthesias' musce titching or

tremors' seizures' res!iratory arrest. hod dose and notify !rovider if they

occur@

$/i$i 8onitor vita signs and cardiac rhythm because high doses can cause

hy!otension' bradycardia' heart boc%@$/i$/u"/



2C/sodium channe boc%ers fecainide (ambocor) and !ro!afenone (ythmo)#"

anser="$u$i e!ort visua effects (burred vision' difficuty focusing)@

$/i$i 8onitor for crac%es in ungs' edema' and eight gain' and re!ort

these effects to !rovider@

$/i$i 8onitor !eriodic EC9. use ambuatory 7oter monitor if needed to

monitor for dysrhythmias@

$/i$i 8onitor !asma trough eves to detect eary to+icity@

$/i$/u"/



22/beta adrenergic boc%er !ro!ranoo (2ndera)#" anser="$u$i 8onitor

heart rate and re!ort rate soer than JG beats/min (or !rearranged !arameter)

to !rovider@

$/i$i 8onitor for signs of heart faiure and re!ort to !rovider@

$/i$i each !atient not to sto! beta boc%er suddeny@

$/i$i n discontinuation' ta!er dose soy over * to 1 ee%s@

$/i$i 8onitor coor' tem!erature' and !uses in e+tremities (!uses may be

!resent even if !oor circuation e+ists) because the drug can cause !eri!hera

arteria insufficiency (simiar to aynaud?s disease)@

$/i$i 8onitor for confusion' fatigue' drosiness@

$/i$/u"/



222/!otassium channe boc%er amiodarone (Cordarone)#" anser="$u$i e!ort

nausea' vomiting' consti!ation@

$/i$i Consider reducing dose for severe gastrointestina (92) sym!toms@

$/i$i est baseine chest 5-ray and !umonary function before starting

thera!y because the drug can cause !umonary to+icity ith !neumonitis

(causing fever' cough' shortness of breath)@$/i$i 8onitor !umonary function testing resuts !eriodicay@

$/i$i Auscutate breath sounds and re!ort changes or adventitious sounds@

$/i$i 8onitor for changes in vision' ight sensitivity@

$/i$i 8onitor !use and bood !ressure' and re!ort vita signs beo

!rescribed !arameters@

$/i$i 8onitor cardiac rhythm constanty during infusion@

$/i$i 8onitor for eight changes and edema for both 26 and ora thera!y@


23/48

$/i$i 8onitor for bue-grey discooration of s%in@

$/i$i e!ort centra nervous system (C4&) effects@

$/i$/u"/



26/cacium channe boc%er vera!ami (Caan)#" anser="$u$i 26 form>8onitor cardiac rhythm and vita signs continuousy. %ee! !atient su!ine for *

hr fooing dose@

$/i$i 8onitor bood !ressure carefuy as starting ora dosage is

estabished@

$/i$i 4otify !rovider and ithhod dose for ,0 beo IG mm 7g@ systoic or

for !rearranged !arameter@

$/i$i 8onitor heart rate. ithhod dose for !use rate soer than JG

beats/min or !rescribed !arameter and notify !rovider@

$/i$i 8onitor for and re!ort edema (a diuretic may be !rescribed if edema

occurs)@

$/i$i For hos!itaized !atient' monitor inta%e and out!ut' and re!ort o

out!ut@

$/i$i 8onitor for crac%es in ungs@

$/i$i 8onitor for and re!ort ightheadedness' dizziness@"/



direct acting vasodiator (hydraazine) drug hydraazine (A!resoine)#"

anser="$u$i Advise !atient that headache and !a!itations may occur

fooing first dose@

$/i$i 8onitor !use and re!ort tachycardia@

$/i$i A beta boc%er may be added to decrease tachycardia. atch for

hy!otension ith additiona antihy!ertensive agent@

$/i$i 8onitor and re!ort signs of a systemic u!us erythematosus-i%e

reaction (facia rash' Noint !ain' fatigue) to !rovider (hydraazine i be

discontinued)@

$/i$i 8onitor for edema' crac%es in ungs@

$/i$i 7ydraazine may be combined ith a diuretic to minimize edema@

$/i$i a!er hydraazine soy hen discontinued@"/



fibrate drug gemfibrozi (o!id)#" anser="$u$i e!ort nausea' vomiting'

diarrhea@$/i$i e!ort sym!toms of ga badder disease@

$/i$i e!ort myo!athy@

$/i$i 8easure creatine !hos!ho%inase (C0O) if musce !ain occurs@

$/i$i 8onitor iver function tests and re!ort im!aired iver function@

$/i$/u"/


heath care !rofessiona use hen caring for a !atient ho is ta%ing the 789-


24/48

CoA reductase inhibitor (&tatin) drug simvastatin (:ocor)#" anser="$u$i

8onitor for and re!ort myo!athy@

$/i$i 8easure creatine !hos!ho%inase (C0O) if musce !ain occurs@

$/i$i 8onitor iver function tests and re!ort im!aired iver function@

$/i$/u"/

$question question="What interventions shoud theheath care !rofessiona use hen caring for a !atient ho is ta%ing the oo!

diuretic furosemide (asi+)#" anser="$u$i 8onitor serum eectroyte

eves !eriodicay. notify !rovider for abnorma eves@

$/i$i 8onitor carefuy for signs of eectroyte imbaance and

dehydration@

$/i$i 2f hy!o%aemia occurs' monitor for cardiac dysrhythmias@

$/i$i 2f hy!o%aemia is a ris% (e@g@ !atient aso ta%ing digo+in)'

furosemide may be combined ith a !otassium-s!aring diuretic@

$/i$i 8onitor bood !ressure frequenty during treatment because the drug

can cause hy!otension@

$/i$i Ensure that the !atient does not ta%e other ototo+ic drugs (additive

effect)

$/i$i 8onitor for hearing oss' tinnitus' vertigo@

$/i$i 8onitor bood gucose !eriodicay@

$/i$i 8onitor bood gucose more frequenty in a !atient ho has diabetes

meitus. insuin or ora antidiabetic drug dosage may need to be increased@

$/i$i 8onitor uric acid eves !eriodicay@

$/i$/u"/



nitrate drugs nitrogycerin (4itrostat' 4itro-;ur' 4itro-,id) and isosorbide

dinitrate (2sordi)#" anser="$u$i Caregivers shoud avoid touching

ointment hen a!!ying@

$/i$i 8onitor ength and severity of headache@

$/i$i 8onitor baseine orthostatic bood !ressure (,0) and !use. chec%

again hen nitrate form reaches its !ea% effect (e@g@ * hr for transderma

forms)@

$/i$i 8onitor heart rate in !atients ta%ing nitrates@

$/i$i 9ive beta boc%er or cacium channe boc%er' if !rescribed' to

su!!ress tachycardia@

$/i$i 8onitor for drug toerance@

$/i$i 9ive any nitrogycerin form in smaest needed amount. useintermittent scheduing for transderma and ong-acting forms@

$/i$/u"/



!hos!hodiesterase inhibitor drug mirinone (0rimacor)#" anser="$u$i

Correct fuid deficits and hy!o%aemia before beginning infusion@


25/48

$/i$i 8onitor !otassium eves and correct hy!o%aemia as needed during

infusion@

$/i$i 8onitor vita signs and EC9 rhythm continuousy during infusion@

$/i$i ;ecrease dosage for dysrhythmias or bood !ressure faing beo


$/i$i 8onitor for chest !ain during infusion@$/i$/u"/



!otassium-s!aring diuretic s!ironoactone (Adactone)#" anser="$u$i

8onitor serum !otassium eves during treatment@

$/i$i 2f hy!er%aemia occurs' monitor for cardiac dysrhythmias@

$/i$i &!ironoactone may be combined ith a thiazide or oo! diuretic to

maintain norma !otassium eves@

$/i$i 8onitor and re!ort menstrua irreguarities' abnorma hair groth'

dee!ening of voice' gynecomastia@

$/i$/u"/



sym!athomimetic drug dobutamine (;obutre+)#" anser="$u$i 8onitor EC9

rhythm and vita signs continuousy during infusion@

$/i$i reat cardiac dysrhythmias and chest !ain as needed' and !re!are to

decrease or discontinue dobutamine for tachydysrhythmias@

$/i$/u"/



thiazide diuretic hydrochorothiazide (7ydro;2


26/48

$/i$i Ensure that !atient is not ta%ing !otassium-s!aring diuretics or

other drugs that raise !otassium eves@

$/i$i e!ort !ersistent cough@

$/i$i e!ort angioedema immediatey@

$/i$i reat moderate to severe angioedema ith e!ine!hrine@

$/i$i e!ort diarrhea and abdomina !ain@

$/i$/u"/

$/cha!ter

$cha!ter Cha!ter4ame="0atient 2nstructions"

$question question="What im!ortant instructions shoud

the heath care !rofessiona give the !atient ho is ta%ing the angiotensin-

converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor drug ca!to!ri (Ca!oten)#" anser="$u$i

,e aare that hy!otension may occur fooing the first dose@

$/i$i ie su!ine if ightheadedness occurs@

$/i$i e!ort dry cough@

$/i$i e!ort rash@

$/i$i e!ort metaic or decreased abiity to taste foods associated ith

decreased inta%e and eight oss@

$/i$i e!ort minor seing of mouth' throat. ca I** immediatey if

severe reaction occurs@

$/i$i efrain from using !otassium su!!ements and !otassium-containing

sat substitutes@

$/i$i e!ort !a!itations' musce titching' ea%ness or !aresthesias in

e+tremities@

$/i$i e!ort sore throat or other signs of infection@

$/i$i ;o not ta%e if !regnant or breastfeeding@

$/i$/u"/


the heath care !rofessiona give the !atient ho is ta%ing the adrenergic

neuron boc%er drug reser!ine (&er!aan' &%-eser!ine)#" anser="$u$i

e!ort feeings of de!ression' incuding insomnia' and oss of a!!etite and

interest in daiy activities@

$/i$i ;o not !erform dangerous activities' such as driving' unti effects

are %non@

$/i$i 8ove soy from ying don to sitting and standing to !revent

faing@$/i$i e!ort dizziness' synco!e to !rovider@

$/i$i e!ort !roonged or severe gastrointestina (92) effects (diarrhea'

cram!s)@

$/i$/u"/


the heath care !rofessiona give the !atient ho is ta%ing the adosterone

antagonist drug s!ironoactone (Adactone)#" anser="$u$i ;o not ta%e


27/48

!otassium su!!ements or use !otassium-containing sat substitutes or drugs

that raise !otassium eves uness !rescribed by the !rovider@

$/i$i e!ort !a!itations' musce titching' ea%ness' or !aresthesias in

e+tremities@"/


the heath care !rofessiona give the !atient ho is ta%ing the a!ha*adrenergic boc%er drug do+azosin (Cardura)#" anser="$u$i e!ort

dizziness' synco!e' ra!id heartbeat' or !a!itations@

$/i$i a%e this drug at bedtime@

$/i$i ise soy from ying to sitting or standing to !revent inNury@

$/i$i ;o not !erform hazardous activities' such as driving' for at east

*1 hr fooing first dose and subsequent dosage increases@

$/i$i e!ort an increase in the frequency of headaches@

$/i$/u"/


the heath care !rofessiona give the !atient ho is ta%ing the a!ha/beta

boc%er drug carvedio (Coreg)#" anser="$u$i e!ort dizziness' synco!e@

$/i$i 8ove soy from ying to standing !osition to !revent fas@

$/i$i ;o not !erform hazardous activity' such as driving' unti effects

are %non@

$/i$i Chec% !use rate daiy before ta%ing drug and re!ort to !rovider for

!use soer than JG beats/min (or !rearranged !arameter)@

$/i$/u"/


the heath care !rofessiona give the !atient ho is ta%ing the angiotensin

rece!tor boc%er (A,) drug osartan (Cozaar)#" anser="$u$i e!ort minor

seing of mouth' throat to !rovider. ca I** immediatey if severe reaction

occurs@

$/i$i e!ort frequent headaches or insomnia@

$/i$i e!ort e!isodes of fainting' dizziness@

$/i$i ;o not ta%e if !regnant or breastfeeding@

$/i$i e !rovider if !regnancy is a !ossibiity@"/


the heath care !rofessiona give the !atient ho is ta%ing the beta

adrenergic boc%er drugs atenoo (enormin) and meto!roo (o!ressor)#"

anser="$u$i Chec% !use rate daiy before ta%ing the drug and re!ort a

!use soer than JG beats/min (or !rearranged !arameter)@

$/i$i e!ort shortness of breath' e+tremity edema' night cough@$/i$i ;o not sto! ta%ing this drug abru!ty. ta% to the !rovider@

$/i$i e!ort increase in angina or ne onset of chest !ain@

$/i$/u"/


the heath care !rofessiona give the !atient ho is ta%ing the cacium


28/48

channe boc%er (dihydro!yridine) drug nifedi!ine (Adaat' 0rocardia)#"

anser="$u$i e!ort ra!id heartbeat' increase in angina !ain@

$/i$i ;o not !erform hazardous activities such as driving' unti effects

are %non@

$/i$i ,e aare that facia fushing may occur@

$/i$i e!ort seing of feet and egs@$/i$i Advise !atient to ta%e as !rescribed and not to increase dosage@

$/i$i e!ort dizziness' synco!e@

$/i$i e!ort beeding gums' gum tissue groth@

$/i$i btain reguar denta care@

$/i$/u"/


the heath care !rofessiona give the !atient ho is ta%ing the cardiac

gycoside digo+in (ano+in)#" anser="$u$i e!ort nausea' oss of

a!!etite' or vomiting@

$/i$i e!ort headache' or visua disturbances@

$/i$i e!ort heart !a!itations@

$/i$i earn to monitor !use rate and re!ort decrease or increase beyond


$/i$i o decrease ris% of to+icity or o serum eves' ta%e digo+in at

the same time each day. do not s%i! or doube a dose@

$/i$i e!ort signs of hy!o%aemia' such as musce ea%ness@

$/i$/u"/


the heath care !rofessiona give the !atient ho is ta%ing the centray

acting a!ha1 agonist drug conidine (Cata!res)#" anser="$u$i a%e at

bedtime to minimize drosiness' dizziness@

$/i$i ;o not !erform hazardous activities' such as driving' unti effects

are %non@

$/i$i &uc% hard candies' che sugaress gum' si! ater to minimize dry

mouth@

$/i$i ,e assured that dry mouth i diminish ith time@

$/i$i ;o not abru!ty sto! ta%ing conidine. hen discontinued' ta!er

according to instructions@

$/i$/u"/


the heath care !rofessiona give the !atient ho is ta%ing the cass2A/sodium channe boc%er drugs quinidine (A!o-3uinidine' 4ovo-3uinidine) and

!rocainamide (0ronesty)#" anser="$u$i a%e ith food if nausea'

vomiting' diarrhea occur@

$/i$i e!ort gastrointestina (92) sym!toms to !rovider@

$/i$i 8onitor !use rate and re!ort changes from !rescribed !arameters.

%ee! record of !use rate@



29/48

$/i$i Avoid hazardous activities such as driving if hy!otension occurs@

$/i$i ;o not change !rescribed dose or dosage intervas. ta%e at fi+ed

times daiy@

$/i$i ,e aare that monitoring of bood' EC9 occurs@

$/i$i e!ort sudden chest !ain' dys!nea to !rovider. ca I** for severe

sym!toms@$/i$i ,e aare of the reasons for use of the 26 infusion !um!' vita sign

equi!ment' and cardiac monitors@

$/i$i e!ort fushing' headache or feeing of faintness immediatey@

$/i$i e!ort sym!toms of cinchonism to !rovider@

$/i$i e!ort onset of rash' fatigue' musce and Noint !ain@

$/i$i e!ort fatigue' ea%ness' easy bruising or infection@

$/i$/u"/


the heath care !rofessiona give the !atient ho is ta%ing the cass

2,/sodium channe boc%er drug idocaine (5yocaine)#" anser="$u$i e!ort

numbness of i!s' unusua sensations@

$/i$i ,e aare that continuous cardiac monitoring and frequent vita sign

monitoring occurs during infusion@

$/i$/u"/



2C/sodium channe boc%er drugs fecainide (ambocor) and !ro!afenone

(ythmo)#" anser="

$/i$i e!ort any visua changes (burred vision' difficuty focusing)@

$/i$i 7ave reguar o!hthamic e+aminations@

$/i$i e!ort shortness of breath' edema@

$/i$i Com!y ith tem!orary use of 7oter monitor if necessary@

$/i$/u"/


the heath care !rofessiona give the !atient ho is ta%ing the cass 22/beta

adrenergic boc%er drug !ro!ranoo (2ndera)#" anser="$u$i Chec% !use

rate daiy before ta%ing drug and re!ort !use soer than JG beats/min (or

!rearranged !arameter)@

$/i$i e!ort shortness of breath' e+tremity edema' night cough@

$/i$i ;o not sto! ta%ing this drug abru!ty. ta% to the !rovider@

$/i$i e!ort increase in angina or ne onset of chest !ain@

$/i$i e!ort sensations of cod' numbness in hands or feet@$/i$i 0rotect e+tremities from severe cod@

$/i$i e!ort confusion' fatigue' drosiness@

$/i$i Avoid hazardous activities' such as driving' unti effects are

%non@

$/i$/u"/




30/48

222/!otassium channe boc%er drug amiodarone (Cordarone)#" anser="$u$i

a%e ith food or mi% if nausea' vomiting' or consti!ation occur (but be sure

to ta%e at consistent times during the day)@

$/i$i Com!y ith chest +-ray and !umonary function testing@

$/i$i e!ort fever' dry cough' shortness of breath or other res!iratory

sym!toms@$/i$i e!ort sensitivity to ight and changes in vision@

$/i$i btain reguar o!hthamic chec%u!s@

$/i$i Wear sungasses hen out in sunight@


$/i$i For ora thera!y' monitor !use rate and re!ort rates soer than JG

beats/min@

$/i$i e!ort eight gain and edema@

$/i$i ,e aare that s%in discooration may occur@

$/i$i e!ort tremor' dizziness' haucinations@

$/i$i Avoid hazardous activity such as driving if dizziness occurs@

$/i$i ;ue to ong haf-ife of this drug' avoid !regnancy and

breastfeeding during thera!y and for severa months after thera!y is

discontinued@

$/i$/u"/



26/cacium channe boc%er drug vera!ami (Caan)#" anser="$u$i a%e as

!rescribed. do not increase dosage@


$/i$/u"/


the heath care !rofessiona give the !atient ho is ta%ing the direct-acting

vasodiator (hydraazine) drug hydraazine (A!resoine)#" anser="$u$i

7eadache and !a!itations may occur 1 to hr fooing first dose. notify

!rovider if these do not subside@

$/i$i 0an to !erform quiet' nonhazardous activities fooing first dose@

$/i$i ,eginning ith a o dose i minimize the first dose effects@

$/i$/u"/


the heath care !rofessiona give the !atient ho is ta%ing the fibrate drug

gemfibrozi (o!id)#" anser="$u$i e!ort nausea' vomiting' diarrhea@

$/i$i e!ort ne inabiity to toerate fried foods' u!!er abdominadiscomfort and boating@

$/i$i e!ort musce or Noint !ain@

$/i$i e!ort abdomina !ain' Naundice' fatigue@

$/i$/u"/


the heath care !rofessiona give the !atient ho is ta%ing the 789-CoA


31/48

reductase inhibitor (statin) drug simvastatin (:ocor)#" anser="$u$i

e!ort musce or Noint !ain@

$/i$i e!ort abdomina !ain' Naundice' fatigue@

$/i$i Com!y ith !eriodic iver function testing@

$/i$/u"/

$question question="What im!ortant instructions shoudthe heath care !rofessiona give the !atient ho is ta%ing the oo! diuretic

furosemide (asi+)#" anser="$u$i Eat foods rich in !otassium (if

indicated)' such as citrus fruits' !otatoes' bananas@

$/i$i e!ort signs of eectroyte imbaance' such as confusion' musce

titching or ea%ness' irreguar !use' nausea@

$/i$i 7ave bood !ressure monitored frequenty@


$/i$i Avoid hazardous activities' such as driving' unti effects are

%non@

$/i$i e!ort ne onset of hearing oss' ringing in ears' or vertigo@

$/i$i 0atients ho has diabetes meitus needs to carefuy monitor bood

gucose eves and notify !rovider for !ersistent hy!ergycemia@

$/i$i ,e aare that uric acid eves may increase' usuay ithout

sym!toms@

$/i$i 0atient ith a history of gout needs to re!ort sym!tom onset to a

!rovider@"/


the heath care !rofessiona give the !atient ho is ta%ing the nitrate drugs

nitrogycerin (4itrostat' 4itro-;ur' 4itro-,id) and isosorbide dinitrate

(2sordi)#" anser="$u$i a%e over-the-counter anagesic for unreieved

headaches (most subside s!ontaneousy ithin 1G min)@


$/i$i 8ove soy from ying don to sitting or standing to !revent

inNury@

$/i$i ;o not !erform hazardous activity' such as driving' if dizziness

occurs@

$/i$i a%e !use' and re!ort tachycardia above !rescribed !arameters@

$/i$i emove transderma forms for !art of each day@

$/i$i a%e ony as many subingua tabets as needed@

$/i$/u"/

$question question="What im!ortant instructions shoudthe heath care !rofessiona give the !atient ho is ta%ing the

!hos!hodiesterase inhibitor drug mirinone (0rimacor)#" anser="$u$i ,e

aare that aboratory monitoring is ongoing before' during and after infusion@

$/i$i ,e aare that EC9 rhythm and vita sign monitoring is !erformed

continuousy during infusion@

$/i$i e!ort chest !ain during infusion@

$/i$/u"/


32/48


the heath care !rofessiona give the !atient ho is ta%ing the !otassium-

s!aring diuretic drug s!ironoactone (Adactone)#" anser="$u$i e!ort

!a!itations' irreguar !use' or other signs of hy!er%aemia@

$/i$i Avoid !otassium su!!ements' arge amounts of high !otassium foods'

and sat substitutes@$/i$i e!ort menstrua irreguarities' abnorma hair groth' dee!ening of

voice' gynecomastia@

$/i$/u"/


the heath care !rofessiona give the !atient ho is ta%ing the

sym!athomimetic drug dobutamine (;obutre+)#" anser="$u$i ,e aare that

continuous monitoring is !erformed during administration@

$/i$i e!ort chest !ain immediatey@

$/i$/u"/


the heath care !rofessiona give the !atient ho is ta%ing the thiazide

diuretic drug hydrochorothiazide (7ydro;2


33/48

$question question="What are some contraindications

that oud ma%e ta%ing the angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor drug

ca!to!ri (Ca!oten) ris%y for the !atient#" anser="$u$i 0regnancy (ris%

category ; Kfeta damageL) $/i$i actation

$/i$i Angioedema or aergy to ACE inhibitors

$/i$i 7y!otension$/i$i iver disease ith eevated iver enzymes"/


that oud ma%e ta%ing the adrenergic neuron boc%er reser!ine (&er!aan' &%-

eser!ine) ris%y for the !atient#" anser="$u$i 0regnancy (ris% category

;) $/i$i actation

$/i$i 0revious aergy to rauofia a%aoids

$/i$i ;e!ressive disorder

$/i$i 0e!tic ucer or ucerative coitis

$/i$i


34/48


that oud ma%e ta%ing the beta adrenergic boc%ers atenoo (enormin) and

meto!roo (o!ressor) ris%y for the !atient# " anser="$u$i &inus

bradycardia or greater than first degree heart boc%

$/i$i 8oderate to severe heart faiure

$/i$i Cardiogenic shoc%$/i$i Atenoo> 0eri!hera vascuar disease' aynaud?s disease

$/i$i 8eto!roo> Chid younger than J years od

$/i$/u"/


that oud ma%e ta%ing the cacium channe boc%ers (dihydro!yridines)

nifedi!ine (Adaat' 0rocardia) ris%y for the !atient#" anser="$u$i

Aergy to nifedi!ine

$/i$i Acute myocardia infarction

$/i$i &evere heart faiure (7F)' hy!otension' thyroto+icosis

$/i$i 0rocainamide> o hite bood ce count (W,C) or agranuocytosis'myasthenia gravis' systemic u!us erythematosus

$/i$/u"/


that oud ma%e ta%ing the cass 2,/sodium channe boc%er idocaine

(5yocaine)ris%y for the !atient#" anser="$u$i Aergy to idocaine or

amide anesthetics

$/i$i &u!raventricuar dysrhythmias


35/48

$/i$i


36/48

$/i$i achycardia

$/i$/u"/


that oud ma%e ta%ing the fibrate drug gemfibrozi (o!id) ris%y for the

!atient#" anser="$u$i 9a badder disease

$/i$i iver dysfunction$/i$i &evere rena im!airment"/


that oud ma%e ta%ing the 789-CoA reductase inhibitor (statin) drug

simvastatin (:ocor)ris%y for the !atient#" anser="$u$i 0regnancy (ris%

category 5) $/i$i actation

$/i$i Current iver disease' Naundice' eevated transaminase or greaty

eevated as!artate aminotransferase (A&) or aanine aminotransferase (A)

$/i$i ena faiure

$/i$i habdomyoysis or myo!athy

$/i$i 8uti!e scerosis

$/i$i Chid younger than *G years od

$/i$/u"/


that oud ma%e ta%ing the oo! diuretic furosemide (asi+) ris%y for the

!atient#" anser="$u$i Aergy to furosemide or sufonamides

$/i$i 0re-ecam!sia or ecam!sia of !regnancy

$/i$i 7e!atic coma

$/i$i Eectroyte imbaance or dehydration

$/i$i 2ncrease in oiguria"/


that oud ma%e ta%ing the nitrate drugs nitrogycerin (4itrostat' 4itro-;ur'

4itro-,id) and isosorbide dinitrate (2sordi) ris%y for the !atient#"

anser="$u$i Aergy or toerance to nitrogycerin or isosorbide

$/i$i 7ead inNury' increased intracrania !ressure

$/i$i &evere anemia

$/i$i 9aucoma (sustained-reease forms)

$/i$i 9astrointestina (92) disease incuding hy!ermotiity (sustained

reease isosorbide)

$/i$i 26 nitrogycerin> 7y!otension' hy!ovoemia (correct before

administering)

$/i$i Constrictive !ericarditis

$/i$/u"/$question question="What are some contraindications

that oud ma%e ta%ing the !hos!hodiesterase inhibitor mirinone (0rimacor)

ris%y for the !atient#" anser="$u$i Aergy to !hos!hodiesterase

inhibitors

$/i$i Aortic or !umonary vave disorder

$/i$i Acute myocardia infarction (82)

$/i$/u"/


37/48


that oud ma%e ta%ing the !otassium-s!aring diuretic' s!ironoactone

(Adactone) ris%y for the !atient#" anser="$u$i 0regnancy (ris% category

;)

$/i$i ena faiure and severe rena insufficiency' or increase in rena

im!airment$/i$i 7y!er%aemia

$/i$/u"/


that oud ma%e ta%ing the sym!athomimetic drug dobutamine (;obutre+) ris%y

for the !atient#" anser="$u$i Aergy to sym!athomimetics or sufites

$/i$i 6entricuar tachycardia

$/i$i 7y!ertro!hic aortic stenosis

$/i$i ;ehydration

$/i$i Chid younger than age 1

$/i$/u"/


that oud ma%e ta%ing the thiazide diuretic hydrochorothiazide (7ydro;2


38/48

$question question="What factors increase the ris% of

side or adverse effects and thus arrant !recautions for a !atient ta%ing the

adrenergic neuron boc%er reser!ine (&er!aan' &%-eser!ine)#"

anser="$u$i Cardiac dysrhythmias or cerebrovascuar disease

$/i$i 7istory of !e!tic ucer

$/i$i Chronic res!iratory disease$/i$i der adut

$/i$i E!ie!sy

$/i$i 9astones

$/i$i 0ar%inson?s disease

$/i$i 0heochromocytoma (adrena gand tumor)"/



adosterone antagonist s!ironoactone (Adactone)#" anser="$u$i Chid

$/i$i iver faiure or disease

$/i$i Concurrent use of !rescribed drugs that raise !otassium eves"/



a!ha* adrenergic boc%er do+azosin (Cardura)#" anser="ena or he!atic

disease"/



a!ha/beta boc%er carvedio (Coreg)#" anser="$u$i Chid or adoescent

younger than *M od

$/i$i ;iabetes meitus

$/i$i ena or iver disorders

$/i$i 0eri!hera vascuar disease

$/i$i ;e!ressive disorders"/



angiotensin rece!tor boc%er (A,) osartan (Cozaar)#" anser="$u$i

Concurrent diuretic use

$/i$i 7y!er%aemia

$/i$i iver or rena disorders

$/i$i First trimester of !regnancy

$/i$/u"/


side or adverse effects and thus arrant !recautions for a !atient ta%ing thebeta adrenergic boc%ers atenoo (enormin) and meto!roo (o!ressor)#"

anser="$u$i A !atient ith heart faiure controed by digitais and

diuretics

$/i$i Asthma' C0; or other chronic res!iratory disorder


$/i$i 8yasthenia gravis

$/i$i 7y!erthyroidism


39/48


$/i$i 8aNor de!ression

$/i$i 0heochromocytoma (adrena gand tumor)

$/i$/u"/


side or adverse effects and thus arrant !recautions for a !atient ta%ing thecacium channe boc%ers (dihydro!yridines) nifedi!ine (Adaat' 0rocardia)# "

anser="$u$i 7eart faiure

$/i$i 9astroeso!hagea refe+ disease

$/i$/u"/



cardiac gycosides digo+in (ano+in)#" anser="$u$i 7y!o%aemia

$/i$i 2m!aired rena function

$/i$i An infant' chid or oder adut

$/i$i Acute myocardia infarction (82) and severe heart faiure

$/i$i ;ysrhythmias' such as incom!ete heart boc%

$/i$/u"/



centray acting a!ha1 agonist conidine (Cata!res)#" anser="$u$i ecent

myocardia infarction (82)' severe cardiac disease or cerebrovascuar disease



$/i$/u"/



cass 2A/sodium channe boc%er drugs quinidine (A!o-3uinidine' 4ovo-

3uinidine) and !rocainamide (0ronesty)#" anser="$u$i 2m!aired iver or

%idney function

$/i$i First degree heart boc%

$/i$i Eectroyte imbaance

$/i$i Asthma

$/i$i 0rocainamide> 7eart faiure (7F)' myocardia infarction (82)'

digitais-caused dysrhythmia' as!irin aergy

$/i$i 3uinidine> 8yasthenia gravis

$/i$/u"/

$question question="What factors increase the ris% ofside or adverse effects and thus arrant !recautions for a !atient ta%ing the

cass 2,/sodium channe boc%er' idocaine (5yocaine)#" anser="$u$i

ena or iver disorders

$/i$i 7eart faiure

$/i$i es!iratory de!ression or o bood o+ygen eves

$/i$i Fuid voume deficits



40/48

$/i$i Famiy history of maignant hy!erthermia

$/i$/u"/



cass 2C/sodium channe boc%ers fecainide (ambocor) and !ro!afenone

(ythmo)#" anser="$u$i Aergy to idocaine and other amide anesthetics$/i$i Atria fibriation

$/i$i Cardiac' rena or he!atic disease

$/i$/u"/



cass 22/beta adrenergic boc%er !ro!ranoo (2ndera)#" anser="$u$i

7y!erthyroidism or thyroto+icosis



$/i$i Cerebrovascuar disorders' stro%e

$/i$i ;iabetes meitus' hy!ogycemia

$/i$i &urgery

$/i$i 7istory of aergy to stinging insects

$/i$i 0heochromocytoma (adrena gand tumor)

$/i$i Woff-0ar%inson-White syndrome

$/i$i der adut"/



cass 222/!otassium channe boc%er amiodarone (Cordarone)#" anser="$u$i

Any he!atic disease

$/i$i Any thyroid dysfunction

$/i$i 7eart faiure

$/i$i Eectroyte imbaance or hy!ovoemia

$/i$i 0umonary disease' such as C0;

$/i$i 7eart surgery"/



cass 26/cacium channe boc%er vera!ami (Caan)#" anser="$u$i iver or

%idney disfunction

$/i$i ;uchennes muscuar dystro!hy

$/i$i 8yocardia infarction (82)

$/i$i 9astrointestina obstruction or ieus' gastroeso!hagea refu+disease' hiata hernia

$/i$/u"/



direct-acting vasodiator (hydraazine) drug hydraazine (A!resoine)#"

anser="$u$i Coronary heart disease


41/48

$/i$i &tro%e

$/i$i ena dysfunction

$/i$i &ystemic u!us erythematosus (&E)

$/i$/u"/


side or adverse effects and thus arrant !recautions for a !atient ta%ing thefibrate drug gemfibrozi (o!id)#" anser="$u$i 7y!othyroidism


$/i$i Any rena im!airment"/



789-CoA reductase inhibitor (statin) drug simvastatin (:ocor)#"

anser="$u$i Famiy history of high choestero (homozygous famiia

hy!erchoesteroemia)

$/i$i 7istory of iver disorders


$/i$i Acohoism

$/i$i ena disorders

$/i$i &eizure disorders

$/i$/u"/



oo! diuretic furosemide (asi+)#" anser="$u$i ena or iver disorders

$/i$i Acute myocardia infarction (82) ith cardiogenic shoc%

$/i$i 6entricuar dysrhythmias

$/i$i 7eart faiure

$/i$i ;iarrhea

$/i$i 7istory of gout or systemic u!us erythematosus

$/i$i ;iabetes meitus"/



nitrate drugs nitrogycerin (4itrostat' 4itro-;ur' 4itro-,id) and isosorbide

dinitrate (2sordi)#" anser="$u$i 7y!otension

$/i$i 7y!ovoemia

$/i$i 7y!erthyroidism

$/i$i iver disease

$/i$i Conditions that cause dry mouth (subingua and transmucosa forms)

$/i$i Eary myocardia infarction (82)$/i$i der adut"/



!hos!hodiesterase inhibitor mirinone (0rimacor)#" anser="$u$i ena

im!airment

$/i$i Atria futter or fibriation

$/i$i der adut"/


42/48



!otassium-s!aring diuretic s!ironoactone (Adactone)#" anser="$u$i

9reaty increased ,


43/48

and &%-eser!ine)#" anser="$u$i


44/48

$/i$/u"/

$question question="What drugs or food have the

!otentia to interact ith the cacium channe boc%er (dihydro!yridine)

nifedi!ine (Adaat' 0rocardia)#" anser="$u$i


45/48

(5yocaine)#" anser="$u$i ,eta boc%ers' !rocainamide and quinidine

increase idocaine effects@

$/i$i 0henytoin increases hy!otension' bradycardia@

$/i$/u"/


!otentia to interact ith the cass 2C/sodium channe boc%ers fecainide(ambocor) and !ro!afenone (ythmo)#" anser="$u$i 2ncreases digo+in

eves@

$/i$i ,eta boc%ers and cacium channe boc%ers !otentiate cardiac

effects@

$/i$/u"/


!otentia to interact ith the cass 22/beta adrenergic boc%er !ro!ranoo

(2ndera)#" anser="$u$i


46/48

$/i$/u"/


!otentia to interact ith the direct acting vasodiator (hydraazine) drug

hydraazine (A!resoine)#" anser="$u$i 8A2 antide!ressants may cause

severe hy!otension@

$/i$i ther antihy!ertensive drugs may cause hy!otension@$/i$/u"/


!otentia to interact ith the fibrate drug gemfibrozi (o!id)#"

anser="$u$i &tatin antii!emics greaty increase ris% for myo!athy@

$/i$i Warfarin ith fibrates increases ris% for beeding@

$/i$i a%en ith antidiabetic drugs' fibrates increase ris% for

hy!ogycemia@

$/i$/u"/


!otentia to interact ith the 789-CoA reductase inhibitor (statin) drug

simvastatin (:ocor)#" anser="$u$i Concurrent use of a fibrate or other

drug to oer choestero can increase ris% for myo!athy or iver to+icity@

$/i$i ;rugs that inhibit C0BA' such as erythromycin' azoe antifunga

drugs' and 726 !rotease inhibitors' increase bood eves of some statins

(es!eciay ovastatin and simvastatin)@

$/i$i ;rin%ing arge amounts of gra!efruit Nuice aso inhibits C0BA and

can increase ris% for adverse effects@

$/i$i Warfarin ith a statin increases ris% for beeding and increased

!rothrombin (0) eves@

$/i$/u"/


!otentia to interact ith the oo! diuretic furosemide (asi+)#"

anser="$u$i ;igo+in to+icity is a high ris% ith hy!o%aemia@

$/i$i ther diuretics increase the diuretic effect@

$/i$i 4&A2;s may decrease diuretic effect@

$/i$i 4euromuscuar boc%ing agents may have !roonged effect@

$/i$i ithium to+icity may occur@

$/i$i Am!hotericin , and corticosteroids increase ris% for hy!o%aemia@

$/i$/u"/


!otentia to interact ith the nitrate drugs nitrogycerin (4itrostat' 4itro-

;ur' 4itro-,id) and isosorbide dinitrate (2sordi)#" anser="$u$i2ncreased hy!otension may resut hen used ith other antihy!ertensive drugs

or ith acoho@

$/i$i 0;ED inhibitors' such as sidenafi (6iagra) may cause severe

hy!otension@

$/i$i ,eta boc%ers and cacium channe boc%ers decrease tachycardia

caused by nitrogycerin@

$/i$/u"/


47/48


!otentia to interact ith the !hos!hodiesterase inhibitor mirinone

(0rimacor)#" anser="$u$i he antidysrhythmic drug diso!yramide (4or!ace)

may cause severe hy!otension@

$/i$i 2ncom!atibe in soution ith furosemide and !rocainamide@

$/i$/u"/$question question="What drugs or food have the

!otentia to interact ith the !otassium-s!aring diuretic s!ironoactone

(Adactone)#" anser="$u$i Counteracts adverse effect (hy!o%aemia) of

oo! and thiazide diuretics (may be the desired effect)@

$/i$i Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors' angiotensin rece!tor

boc%ers (A,s)' direct renin boc%ers' !otassium su!!ements' sat

substitutes increase ris% of hy!er%aemia@

$/i$/u"/


!otentia to interact ith the sym!athomimetic drug dobutamine (;obutre+)#"

anser="$u$i 8A2 and tricycic antide!ressants cause to+icity ith

greaty increased ris% for tachydysrhythmias (decrease dobutamine dosage)@

$/i$i 9enera anesthetics aso may cause dysrhythmias@

$/i$i ,eta boc%ers decrease effects of dobutamine@

$/i$/u"/


!otentia to interact ith the thiazide diuretic hydrochorothiazide

(7ydro;2


48/48

$/courses

cardiovascular system drugs ati

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