carbon footprint and the new facilities vocabulary peter o’konski pe, pmp, leed ap director,...
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Carbon Footprint and the New Facilities Vocabulary
Peter O’Konski PE, PMP, LEED AP
Director, Facility PolicyOffice of ManagementDepartment of Energy
June 2, 2009 1
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Agenda
1. Secretary’s comments and the global
warming challenge
2. What constitutes a green house gas
3. Introduction to carbon footprint calculation
4. Impact on facilities management & real
estate
5. Conclusions
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1. Secretary’s comments and the global warming challenge
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QuickTime™ and a decompressor
are needed to see this picture.
NY TimesJune 2, 2009 4
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The Secretary on Global Warming
“We're in the great ship Titanic, the Earth is, and it's going to take a half century to really turn the ship. But that doesn't mean we can't start doing it today, and we must…”
Secretary ChuNewsweek 4/11/09
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Continued…
“…I urge everyone to do this: Google the IPCC report. The 100-year trend is unmistakable…”
Secretary ChuNewsweek 4/11/09
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SPM 1a
Variations of the Earth’s surface temperature for the past 140 years
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SPM 1b
Variations of the Earth’s surface temperature for the past 1,000 years
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Projections – This Century
“Could Adapt”
“Tipping Points”
“No Adaption Strategy”
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Main climate impacts
• Sea levels rise
• Higher temperatures - especially
on land
• Hydrological cycle more intense
• Changes at regional level
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2. What constitutes a green house gas (GHG)
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SPM 3
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Green House Gases (Counted in a Carbon Footprint)
• Carbon dioxide, CO2
• Methane, CH4
• Nitrous Oxide, N2O• Hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs) and Chlorofuorocarbons
(CFCs) (covers 13 chemicals)• Perfluorocarbons, PFCs (covers 7 chemicals)• Sulfur Hexafluoride, SF6
ANSI/ISO/NSF 14064-1 Greenhouse Gases- Part 1: Specification with Guidance at the Organizational Level for Quantification and Reporting of GHG Emissions and Removals
Not all GHGs contain carbon
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Not All GHGs are Equal
Greenhouse GasGlobal Warming
Potential
Carbon Dioxide, CO2 1.0
Methane, CH4 21
Nitrous oxide, N2O 310
HFC 134a 1,300
Sulfur hexafluoride 23,900
All GHGs Converted to a CO 2 EquivalentJune 2, 2009 14
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Example: GHG CalculationExample Calculation- Converting to CO2-e
GHGEmissions
(Metric Tons)
Global Warming Potential
Metric Tons CO2-e
Carbon Dioxide
10,000 1 10,000
Methane 500 21 10,500
HFC 134a 1.0 1300 1300
Sulfur hexafluoride
0.06 23,900 1434
Totals 23,234June 2, 2009 15
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Combustion Emission Factors
Process/FuelEmission Factor
Emission Factor Units
Coal Combustion
Anthracite 102.58 kg CO2/MMBtu
Bituminous 92.53 kg CO2/MMBtu
Sub-bituminous 96.12 kg CO2/MMBtu
Lignite 95.47 kg CO2/MMBtu
Natural Gas 119.90 lbs CO2/1000 cf
52.80 metric tons CO2/Billion
Btu
Aviation Gasoline 18.15 lb CO2 /gallon
Diesel (No. 1 and No. 2) 22.15 lb CO2 /gallon
Gasoline 19.36 lb CO2 /gallon
Jet Fuel (Kerosene) 20.88 lb CO2 /gallon
Fuel Oil (No. 5 and 6) 25.75 lb CO2 /gallon
Propane 12.60 lb CO2 /gallon
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3. What is a “Carbon Footprint” calculation?
Carbon Footprint has three aliases: “Carbon Inventory”
“Green House Gas Inventory” “Climate Change Footprint”
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Carbon Footprint – 3 Scopes
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Remember: there are three levels (scopes) to a green house gas/carbon footprint calculation.
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Scope 1: Direct Emissions
• Relatively easy:– Combustion Sources– Site owned vehicles– On site electrical
generation– CFC and HFC losses from
refrigeration equipment– Sulfur hexafluoride losses
from electrical equipment
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Scope 2: Indirect Emissions – Purchased Energy
• Relatively easy: • Emissions from
consumption of purchased utilities:– Typically electricity– Could be steam or high
temperature hot water– Could be negative (ex:
electricity from landfill gas)
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Scope 3: Other Indirect Emissions
• Can be very difficult:– Transportation of purchased material or goods– Employee business travel– Employee commuting impacts– Outsourced work– Emissions from finished products– Transportation of waste– Vegetation & Trees
• Scope 3 has various challenges– Boundary issues– Can be a magnitude higher than Scope 1 and 2– Costly value chain analysis
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Carbon Footprint – 3 Scopes
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Carbon footprint calculations must include at least Scope 1 and 2 GHG emissions.
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Two Additional Terms of Art:1. Carbon neutral
• The “word of the year” in the new Oxford Dictionary– Adj.: “emitting no net carbon dioxide into the
atmosphere”
• Dictionary.com– Adj: “emitting no carbon dioxide into the
atmosphere. Also, employing a technique to absorb carbon dioxide so it is not emitted.”
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2. Cap and Trade
• A regulatory process:– Cap - limits emissions from a designated group,
such as power plants, to a certain level– Capped emissions are divided up into individual
permits– Trade - businesses buy and sell emission credits
within the overall cap
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4. Impact on Facilities Management and Real Estate
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Facilities and Real Estate
• Recognize that fundamental change is happening– GHG, carbon neutrality, energy conservation are
all part of a new facilities vocabulary
– GHG and carbon management need to be part of the facilities value-chain decision making
• Construction and Major Renovation
• Operations and Maintenance and Repair
• Disposition
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The most carbon neutral building is the building you don’t have.
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Facilities and Real Estate•Potential new E.O. for carbon management
– Measure, manage, reduce
– Probably based on a scope 1 and 2 analysis
•I expect each site will be required to know their carbon footprint
– 70% of which can be a direct result of the building and OSF inventory
• A phase I&2 carbon footprint at the building level draws heavily from “operating cost” and “sustainability”
•Can FIMS capture carbon footprint at the real property asset level?
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5. Conclusions
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• Get familiar with your facilities “carbon footprint”
• Think carbon footprint reduction as a matter of good business
• Think about where the source data lies for a phase 1&2 calculation
• Help to forward lean – we need to be a leader not a follower
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Conclusions
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Thank you
Peter O’Konski PE, PMP, LEED AP
Director, Facility PolicyOffice of ManagementDepartment of [email protected]
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