carbohydrates
TRANSCRIPT
CARBOHYDRATES
CARBOHYDRATESIs an organic compound
glucose
is the building blockof carbohydrates
Importance of carbohydrates:
CHIEF SOURCE OF ENERGY
Types of Carbohydrates:
monosaccharide
disaccharide
polysaccharide
monosaccharide
monosaccharide
C6H12O6
Simple sugars that consist s only one (1) sugar molecule
Under monosaccharide:1. Glucose2. Fructose3. Galactose
monosaccharide
1. Glucose
Blood sugar; most important sugar in the bodies of both vertebrates and invertebrates
monosaccharide
2. Fructose
Corn sugar; sweetest form of sugar commonly found in fruits
monosaccharide
3. Galactose
Simplest sugar found in milk
disaccharide
disaccharide
C12H22O11
Pair of monosaccharide unitsGlucose + monosaccharide unit = disaccharide
Under disaccharide:1. Sucrose2. Lactose3. Maltose
disaccharide
1. Sucrose
Table sugar; glucose + fructose
disaccharide
2. Lactose
Milk sugar; glucose + galactose
disaccharide
3. Maltose
Malt sugar; glucose + glucose
polysaccharide
polysaccharide
Consists of chains of monosaccharide and disaccharide
Under polysaccharide:1. Starch2. Glycogen3. Cellulose
polysaccharide
1. Starch
Storage of glucose for plants
polysaccharide
2. Glycogen
Storage of excess sugar in animals; stored in liver and muscles
polysaccharide
3. Cellulose
Structural support of plants; known as “fiber”
Additional info:
monomer: a molecule that may react chemically to another molecule to form polymer; the simplest unit; repeating unit of polymer
polymer: a compound made up of several repeating units (monomer)
enzyme: speeds up chemical reaction