capability briefing: engine manufacturer using pebble bed ...part of the solution…more nuclear ......

AAE Adams Atomic Engines & Westlund Engineering

- Confidential & Proprietary - 1

Capability Briefing:

Engine Manufacturer using

Pebble Bed Reactor Technology

for applications requiring

5-50MW output

AAE

Presented By:



The Market Need

!  $50/Barrel of Crude Oil (Apr 2005)

!  President Bush comments on 28 April 2005

“To reduce our dependence on foreign sources of energy, we must take four key steps. … Secondly, we must find innovative and environmentally sensitive ways to make the most of our existing energy resources, including oil, natural gas, coal and safe, clean nuclear power. Nuclear Power Can Provide For Tomorrow's Needs”

!  US Energy Supply shortage is estimated at 25 Quadrillion Btus’s in 2005 and widening as demand increases beyond 2015 (from NEP 2001 viii)

!  The impact of high oil prices are well documented to have significant adverse impacts on US consumers and US businesses



Part of the Solution…More Nuclear

!  20% of the US power supply is nuclear using 103 large power stations

!  The NEP includes expansion of supply of nuclear power (NEP 2001: 5-15) including adding more reactors to existing plants and possibly building more plants.

!  This policy includes utilization of additional, more advanced reactors

!  Generation IV reactors are:

-Highly economical

-Proliferation resistant

-Provide minimal waste

-Enhanced safety

!  The NEP 2001 states “industry has interest in pebble bed reactors and other advanced reactor designs”

!  The DOE currently has research projects exploring the fuel to PBR’s for large scale power plants



Part of a Nuclear Solution…Pebble Bed Reactor

!  DOE is currently researching PBR fuels for large scale applications

!  Our solutions address an equally important sector for applications requiring smaller outputs (5-50mW) such as:

"  US Gov’t - Security Cutters (Deepwater), USCG Tugboats, DoD (max power, minimal forward footprint)

"  Commercial – high power needs, commercial Marine (tugboat, shipping), industrial, many more

"  Typically smaller applications directly depended on petroleum.

VT

o  Our design offers advantages over existing gas reactor designs, Nitrogen is easier to use than Helium.

o  Our Solution CAN be operational in 24-36 months, once fuel is available.



The Team…Capabilities & Resources

AAE Capability Westlund Eng

Started in FL in 1993

(12 years) Age of Company

Started in 1975 in MN, moved to

Clearwater, FL in 1985 (30 yrs)

Concept (patent #), Business

Planning, Commercialization Acumen

Prototype design & manufacturing

Concept Design

CAD

N/A Customization

Fabricate, machine, assemble

custom machines

N/A Customers

GE, Briggs & Stratton,

Honeywell, Ford, IBM

www.atomicinsights.com and

www.atomicengines.com Website www.westlundeng.com

C Corporation in FL Business Structure Small Business, C Corporation



Nuclear Fuel Needs…

!  Our solution requires Pebble Bed Reactor Fuel

!  We can use Uranium Dioxide (spent fuel) and other fuels

!  We prefer a domestic source (General Atomics in San Diego manufactured this fuel in the 1970’s, fuel was made for AVR in Germany made it in 1962, Chinese in early 2000’s, and a plant in S. Africa is currently being built)

!  International sources are expected to be available in 2007

!  We prefer the pebbles the INEEL eventually looks to use for large scale power stations



Synergies with Existing DoE Efforts…

!  INEEL – Advanced Fuel Cycle Research

! Generation IV Nuclear Energy Systems

Initiative

! Nuclear Engineering Design & Research



Milestone Chart

Activity Year 1 Year 2 Year 3 Conceptual Design

Formalize CAD Design

DOE Design Inputs

Design Test Plan

DOE Identify PM Lead

Phase II - Prototype Development

Phase 1 - Design

PDR CDR

Build Prototype & Reactor

Vessel w/ control systems

Long Lead Time Items

Functional Test –

Conventional Fuel

Purchase and integration Pebble

Bed Fuel Functional Test I and II –

Pebble Bed Fuel

NOTE: We would like to use DOE fuel, when available



Next Steps ! Our solution requires funding Engineering

Design (CAD) and prototype development

of Engine which will be powered first by a

conventional heat source, then by a PBR

! We would like to discuss these synergies

with those DOE officials who might benefit

from our fast prototype and those who

might be a DOE Project Manager



Backup Slides



Status of Competition - China

!  Chinese Tsinghua University – Institute for Nuclear Energy

Technology (INET) has built an High Temperature Reactor (HTR-10)

providing 10MW of power and is a prototype for 200MW thermal

capacity operations

!  Graphite lined chamber is 1.8 meters high

!  27,000 pebbles enriched uranium are coated with silicon carbide

!  Components: China designed and built the reactor vessel, steam

generator, helium cycle cooling system. Japan built the graphite.

!  1.6cents /kW/Hr.

!  US-China- Russian-South African-France are cooperating on HTR

technology



Status of Competition – South Africa

!  Why South Africa? German scientists who built the BPR over the last decade

have struggled to get European approvals and support. The German scientists

took their idea and went to a more nuclear friendly location to internationale

their efforts.

!  Eskom SA received approval from the S. African Energy and Environmental

Agency in June 2003 for the design of a 110MW PBR for Koeberg, SA

!  The protype was built at a university called Potchefstrom

!  He is used as the cooling gas

!  Escom has also achieved govt approval for fuel production in Pelindaba

!  PBMR Pty has spent $1B investment to achieve this

!  Goal: export 20 PBMR’s per year



Status of Galena, Alaska Project

!  Town of 700 in W. Alaska

!  Toshiba 4S offers 10Mw

!  Deal: Toshiba provides free reactor Galena pays for operating costs

!  Dec 2004 – approved by city board

!  Status of NRC Licensing is unknown

!  PBR is size of spruce tree underground

!  Current cost of electricity: $.28 MW

!  Projected new cost: $.09 MW



Why Should DoE care about this project?

! DOE Mission statement

! Guide #10



Matrix of benefits vs wind solar,

oil and coal



National Security Concerns:

Are PBR Fuel terrorist proof?

!  No fuel is 100% terrorist proof, but PBR provides many barriers in doing so

!  Inherently secure given it is a closed system

!  Readily able to be safeguarded

!  PBR Fuel is difficult to enrich for weaponization purposes because

-the size of each pebble is like a tennis ball

-the number of the pebbles to enrich

-Small reactors have fewer pebbles

-Containment walls are difficult to breach



FAQ’s

What are the components of an Atomic Engine?

Compressor, reactor, turbine, cooler, regulating valve, shield, containment

What can an atomic engine be used for? engines for ships, generators for hospitals, locomotives, undersea and space

What sort of training will operators require?

Same as they get now.

How will the waste be handled?

Lifecycle is 20 years, then they would be contained and then recycled

What are the benefits of an atomic engine?

Lower total cost, reduced maintenance, low weight, zero air pollution



Recent Pres Bush comments on Nuclear

!  To reduce our dependence on foreign sources of energy, we must take four key steps. First, we must better use technology to become better conservers of energy. Secondly, we must find innovative and environmentally sensitive ways to make the most of our existing energy resources, including oil, natural gas, coal and safe, clean nuclear power. Nuclear Power Can Provide For Tomorrow's Needs. Technology has made nuclear power safer, cleaner, and more efficient, but America has not ordered a new nuclear power plant since the 1970s.

!  The President will encourage construction of new nuclear power plants. DOE will work on ways to reduce the risk of unforeseen delays in the nuclear plant licensing process by modifying existing law, and will also work to offer Federal risk insurance to partially cover the cost of unforeseen delays.

!  The President has launched the Nuclear Power 2010 Initiative, a seven-year effort by government and industry to design and license the first new nuclear plants.

!  The Bush Administration is also working with 11 other nations on the Generation IV Initiative to develop a safer, more cost-effective, and more proliferation-resistant source of nuclear electricity and hydrogen.

!  The Department of Energy (DOE) will work to reduce uncertainty in the licensing process for new nuclear power plants and to provide Federal risk insurance to mitigate the additional cost of unforeseen delays.

!  SOURCE: www.whitehouse.gov 27 APR 2005 @ Pres Bush’s remarks at the SBA

!  Secretary of Energy Samuel W. Bodman today released this statement regarding President Bush’s speech on energy policy:

!  “President Bush today offered creative solutions to improve efficiency and remove regulatory barriers that discourage investment and technological advances in energy production. His proposal to reduce uncertainty in the licensing process for new nuclear power plants by offering federal risk insurance is an innovative approach that will help expand the use of clean, safe and affordable nuclear power. Sec Bodman on 27 April 2005

capability briefing: engine manufacturer using pebble bed ...part of the solution…more nuclear ......

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