canopee 8th april 2015

Zuidas Amsterdam 1996-2012Search for Governance and Decision Taking

Canopee April 8th 2015Bert van Eekelen

2

Amsterdam Historical City Centre

Zuidas

Schiphol Airport

Bert van EekelenEducation• 1983 Master in architecture and structural engineering, University of Delft• 1994 Executive MBA University of Nijenrode

Experience• 1979-1990 renovation social housing in Rotterdam and The Hague• 1990-present Amsterdam Airport Schiphol including

– 8 years of Zuidas Amsterdam 2005-2012• 1999-present Visiting professor University of Eindhoven

At present• Redevelopment of the Railway station at the Amsterdam Airport Schiphol• PhD research in Social Sciences at the University of Amsterdam - Zuidas

Introduction

Transitions at multiple levels

Stage

Back stage

Dressing Rooms

Functions and processes

Functions and processes

Facilities FacilitiesConstruction Process

Extention and/or adjustment of functions

Contracts, Service level agreements

Interests of the stakeholders

?Adjusted contracts

Covering infrastructure:Solution for the ambition and/or problem of one, is within the domain of another…..

Heer, J. De et al 2010, pag. 15

StratificationTemporalCultural

Discursive arenaWho, what, where?

Rationalities

Power of actorsPosition

Room to maneuver

Narrative powerBasic construct

Alternative solutionsCounter narrative

Basic Construct: Not the project, but the

story to be told

Dominant stakeholders

What makes the dominant

agenda?

Schiphol Airport

Zuidas

Consideration by stakeholdersUrgency/priority Political ambition

NarrativeBasic

construct

CostsBenefitsRisks

ValuesSocialEnvironmentalEconomical

More than just a rational

consideration

Manager orpolitician

Consideration

Considerations are individual

City

of

Amst

erda

m

NarrativeBasic

construct

Province and

city region

Consideration on national level

Cons

ider

ation

on

regi

onal

leve

l Consideration on local level

Ministry of

transport

CostsBenefitsRisks


Sharing in costs, benefits

and risks

Urgency/priority Political ambition

Urgency/priority

Political ambitionU

rgen

cy/p

riorit

yPo

litica

l am

bitio

n

Phase 1: 1994-2004

Dominant actors:- City of Amsterdam

- Department of urban planning

Basic construct- “Healing of the city” by bringing infrastructure

underground and creating a new city on top of it- Cover the additional costs of underground

infrastructure (+2 billion euro extra) by land lease for 900.000 m2 of real estate

Dominant agenda- City of Amsterdam can not do this on there own- No urgency/priority at the ministry of transport

Stratification (what to take into account)- The ministry always prioritises the works on road

and rail all over the country- A lot of problems elsewhere in the country in

construction and implementation of tunnels - No experience on construction of buildings above

tunnels.

Masterplan Zuidas

Phase 2: 2005-2008

Dominant actors:- City of Amsterdam

- (Department of urban planning)- Department of municipal development

Ministry of FinancePrivate financiers

Basic construct- Optimising infrastructure (land use and planning)

in order to increase and speed up land developments. Despite of additional costs and risks.

Dominant agenda- Private/public partnerships, government is not

acting adequate.

Stratification (what to take into account)- Economic growth is (in 2005) on it’s top- Real Estate bubble (as we know know)- Privatisations were in favour

Dominant agenda’s

Minister of Finance• Privatisation• Public/private partnerships

• Zuidas as a showcase• Privatisation of Schiphol

Airport in the slip stream

Banks• Were asked to join a

company, together with the minister of finance

• Hardly interested in infrastructure, more interest in real estate developments

Phase 3: 2009-2012

Dominant actors:- Ministry of transport- City of Amsterdam

Basic construct- Finally: just underground motorway A10,- Extension of the Railway station above ground- Investment 1.4 billion euro

Dominant agenda- Just public investments- No real estate in business case

Stratification- Financial and real estate crisis- Urgency for extension of the A10 motorway- Urgency for extension of the station

Choices to be made

Governance(c)

Costs Benefits

RisksValues

Zuidasdok2009-2012

Governance(b)

Costs Benefits

RisksValues

Zuidasdok2005-2008

Governance(a)

Costs Benefits

RisksValues

Zuidasdok-2004

1996-2004

City

of

Amst

erda

m

NarrativeBasic

construct

Real Estate Investors and

developers


Consideration on local level

Ministry of

Urban planning

CostsBenefitsRisks



and risks


Urgency/priority

Political ambitionU

rgen

cy/p

riorit

yam

bitio

n

Real Estate Market

High-speed Railway Stations

Financial district

2005-2008

City

of

Amst

erda

m

NarrativeBasic

construct

Financial Institutions (Investors)



Ministry of Finance

CostsBenefitsRisks



and risks


Urgency/priority

Political ambitionU

rgen

cy/p

riorit

yam

bitio

n

Public/private partnerships

New city centre

Privatisation issues

2009-2012

City

of

Amst

erda

m

NarrativeBasic

constructProvince

and city region



Ministry of

Transport

CostsBenefitsRisks



and risks


Urgency/priority

Political ambitionU

rgen

cy/p

riorit

yam

bitio

n

Regional Public Transport

Network extentions for road and rail

New CityCentre

Lessons learned Major events (external) Ministers in

charge

Meaningfull Interventions

(internal)

Development of construct

Backgrounds of changes

Development of costs

Local (Amsterdam)

events

Time scale

Development of agreed

contribution

Research at the University of Amsterdam: the decision taking processAnalyses of 60 Gb of data in search for meaningfull interventions on scope, business case and governance

Governance before development

Scope Brief

Client RequirementSpecifations

PlanDesign

Researching design/designing research Preparation and

organisation of a construction process

Setting Governance (who is in charge)

Governance possibilities

Business casesCosts/benefits/risks

Possible solutions

Challenge in education

FacilitatingDecisionMaking

Cooperation based on respect and trust, despite of competion

Distrust

Misunderstanding

Incomprehension

Cooperation

Trust

Respect

Comprehension

To know each other

Parent

Child Child

AdultAdult

Parent

Choose your relationship

side b

y side

strug

gle

Next level

Complexity

Ambi

guity

Facts and figures

Cost, risks

TechnicalDomain

ManagerialDomain

Social and culturalDomain

Capex, Opex

HighLow

Defin

itene

ssM

ulti

expl

icab

le

Business cases

Governance

Narratives

Backstage

Dressing rooms

Next level

Know how it works

Oversee consequences of choices

Understand in which play you are, including back stage and dressing rooms

canopee 8th april 2015

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