These slides are given to the Philippine

Cancer Society for the Society’s needs and

purposes ONLY. These slides should not be

duplicated or distributed to any body without

permission from CANgelangel (July 2008)

Cancer Metastasis

INVASION AND METASTASIS INVASION AND METASTASIS

Triad of Invasion

� Adhesion with the basement

membrane.

� Local proteolysis� Local proteolysis

� Mobility and ability to translocate

through rents in body’s structural

barriers.

Invasion and Metastasis

� Tumor spread may be:

� Direct invasion or contiguous spread

� Lymphatic invasion

� Hematologic invasion

� Clinical consequences:

� Main cause for treatment failure after local control

� Main cause of death in majority of cases

PROCESS OF METASTASIS

Theories of Preferred Sites of

Metastases

1) Mechanical Theory

2) “Soil” Theory

3) Intrinsic Cellular Factors Theory

4) Immunologic Surveillance

Principal Pathways of

Malignancy

1. Proliferation

2. Cell-Cycle Progression

3. Immortalization3. Immortalization

4. DNA Replication

5. Evading Apoptosis

6. Angiogenesis

7. Metastasis and Invasion

PROLIFERATION

CELL-CYCLE PROGRESSION

IMMORTALIZATION

DNA REPLICATION

EVADING APOPTOSIS

ANGIOGENESIS

METASTASIS AND INVASION