Canadian History XI

The Expulsion of the Acadians

Treaty of Utrecht 1702-1713

Queen Anne’s War 1713

Under the Treat of Utrecht, France cedes claims to the Hudson Bay, Acadia, Newfoundland

France keeps Cape Breton Island and inland colonies. 1719

The French begin construction of Louisburg. One of the largest fortresses in the New Word. Naval port. Fisheries base. Commercial & Trading Centre. Cornerstone of its inter-colonial “triangular trade”.

King George’s War 1740-1748 1745

Louisburg is captured for the first time. 1748

Treaty of Aiz-la Chapelle Louisburg is returned to France.

1749 British settle and begin construction of the city of

Halifax. To counterbalance the renewed threat from

Louisburg

Acadians Remain Neutral Acadians were neutral.

Mi’kmaw sided with French.

Acadians refuse to swear an unconditional oath to England because it would require them to take arms against the French & Mi’kmaw.

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The Expulsion of the Acadians Tensions escalate between Britain & France,

leading to the Seven Years War in 1756. 1755

Charles Lawrence-governor of Acadia Acadians must sign unconditional oath.

September 15, 1755 Grand Pre Acadian’s declared non-citizens. Land & livestock confiscated. Farms destroyed.

The News is Announced at Grand Pre

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The Expulsion of the Acadians 1755-1766. Acadians were scattered throughout England’s

North American colonies. Some escaped to Louisburg. Some were sent back to France. Some went to the French colony of Louisiana-

Cajuns. 10,000 Acadians were deported.

Over 1/3 died from disease.

The French Did It Too Deportations were a common occurrence at

the time. 100 years earlier, the French deported 2,500

English colonists from St. Kitts in the West Indies.

Louis XIV: Expelled Protestant Huguenots from France 1690’s-deported English settlers captured in

Newfoundland

The Deportation

Acadians Return 1764

Ban on Acadians was lifted after New France had been conquered.

3,000 Acadians returned to Nova Scotia. Their lands had been given away. Centre of Acadia shifted to New Brunswick. Shift from farming to fishing and forestry.

Evangeline Monument

Land of the Acadians – Grand Pre

Acadian culture today