CANADA

A vast and beautiful land

of peace and prosperity

Flag of Canada

World map

(Source: www.lib.utexas.edu/maps/world_maps/world_pol02.jpg)

Waterloo and Toronto Japan

Map of Canada(Source: http://gashydrate.nrcan.gc.ca/mallik2002

/images/canada_map.jpg)

Great Lakes – St. Lawrence river basin

The St. Lawrence basin: 1 340 000 km2

290 000 km2760 000 km2

290 000 km2

Background from Google Earth

DEFINITION OF A CANADIAN

A Canadian

is an American

who carries a Medicare Card

But

does not carry a gun.

A BORIGINAL PLACE NAMES

• Canada: means “village” in the Huron language.

• Ontario: “beautiful lake” in Huron

• Toronto: “a place of meeting” in Huron

• Nunavut: “our land” in Inuktitut

• Ottawa: “to trade” from the Algonquin language

• Yukon: “great river” in the Loucheux language

• Quebec: “narrow passage” in Algonquin

• Saskatchewan: “swift flowing river” from the Cree language

CANADA’S CHARACTER

• Vast land of natural beauty

• Fresh water, clean air, and trees

• “Hewers of wood and drawers of water”

• Lumberjacks, hunters, trappers, and fishermen

• Peacemakers of the world

• Caring for others

• Friendly

• Tolerant

• Multicultural

• Maple Leaf and Maple Syrup

• Anne of Green Gables

CANADA – BASIC FACTS

• 10 million square kilometers

• 31 million people

• Average population density of 3 people per square kilometer

• 10 provinces, Yukon, Northwest Territories and Nunavut

• Official languages are English and French

• 5500 km from east to west

• 4600 km from north to south

CANADA – NATURAL REGIONS

• Last ice age receded more than 10,000 years ago

• The Canadian Shield

• Great Lakes / St. Lawrence Lowland

• Prairies and MacKenzie Lowland

• Hudson Bay and Arctic Archipelago Lowland

• Appalachian Mountains

• Canadian Cordillera (includes Rocky Mountains)

• Arctic Ranges

CANADA - CULTURE

Canada is a country of immigrants:

● British – 37%● French – 32%● Germans – (Waterloo Region)● Italians● Ukrainians● Dutch● Poles● West Indians (Caribbean)● East Indians (India)● Chinese● Japanese● Vietnamese● Native Indians and Inuit (First Nations)

CANADIAN CITIES

• Toronto 2,400,000• Montreal 1,800,000• Vancouver 1,800,000• Calgary 770,000• Winnipeg 620,000• Edmonton 616,000• Quebec City 500,000• London 326,000• Ottawa 325,000• Hamilton 322,000• Waterloo/Kitchener/Cambridge 400,000• Halifax 114,000• St.John’s 100,000

CANADA - GOVERNMENT

• Parliamentary Democracy

• Elected house of Commons and appointed Senate

• Federal State

• Each province has its own legislature

• British Monarch is the Head of State

• Governor General represents the Monarch

• Prime Minister is the leader of the majority party in the House of Commons

CANADA INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS

• United Nations

• NATO (North Atlantic Treaty Organization)

• British Commonwealth

• French Commonwealth

• NAFTA (North American Free Trade Agreement)

• WTO (World Trade Organization)

CANADA - ECONOMY

• Mixed economy• Fishing• Agriculture• Forestry• Mining• Hydro electric power• Oil• Petrochemicals• Telecommunications• Transportation• Automobiles, skidoo’s and seadoo’s• Candu reactors• Software• Other manufacturing and knowledge-based industries

CANADA - HISTORY

• Asiatic peoples migrate to North America via a land bridge across the Bering Strait (20,000-15,000 B.C.)

• Leif Eirikson establishes Norse settlement at l’Anse aux Meadows, Newfoundland in 1000 A.D.

• Christopher Columbus lands on San Salvador (1492)

• John Cabot explores the east coast of Canada for the British (1497)

• Jacques Cartier claims Canada for France (1534)

• Samuel de Champlain establishes Port Royal (1605)

• Hudson’s Bay Company is formed (1670)

• British defeat the French at Quebec city (1759)

• Treaty of Paris is signed. France cedes New France to Britain (1763)

• James Cook explored coast of British Columbia (1778)

• British North America Act establishes Canadian Confederation

(1867)

• Royal Canadian Mounted Police force is established (1874)

• Canadian Pacific Railway is constructed (1881-85)

• Gold is discovered in the Klondike (1896)

• World War I (1914-1918)

• World War II. Canadian receives large number of immigrants

(1939-1945)

• Trans-Canada Highway is completed (1962)

• New Territory of Nunavut is founded (1999)

CANADA AT WAR

• Defeated the United States in the war of 1812-1814

• South Africa (1899-1902)

• World War I (1914-1918)

• World War II (1939-1945)

• Korea (1950-1952)

• Suez Canal Crisis (1956) – Lester Pearson is awarded the Nobel

Peace Prize in 1957 for conceiving the idea of an international

peacekeeping force

• Gulf War (1991)

WHAT DO CANADIANS HAVE TO BE PROUD OF?

• Smarties.

• Crispy Crunch, Coffee Crisp.

• The size of our footballs fields and one less down.

• Baseball is Canadian.

• Lacrosse is Canadian.

• Hockey is Canadian.

• Basketball is Canadian.

• Apple pie is Canadian.

• Mr. Dress-up is better than Mr. Rogers.

• Tim Horton's does better than Dunkin' Donuts.

• In the war of 1812, started by America, Canadians pushed the Americans back past their White House! Then we burned it, and most of Washington, under the command of William Lyon MaKenzie King who was insane and drunk all the time. We got bored because the Americans ran away, so we came home and partied.

• Canada has the largest French population that never surrendered to Germany.

• We have the largest English population that never ever surrendered or withdrew during any war to anyone, anywhere − EVER.

WHAT DO CANADIANS HAVE TO BE PROUD OF? (Cont’d)

WHAT DO CANADIAN HAVE TO BE PROUD OF ?

• Our civil war was fought in a bar and it lasted a little over an hour.

• The only person who was arrested in our civil war was an

American mercenary, who slept in and missed the whole thing, but showed up just in time to get caught.

• We knew plaid was cool far before Seattle caught on.

• The Hudson's Bay Company once owned over 10% of the earth's surface and is still around as the world’s oldest company.

• The average dog sled team can kill and devour a full grown human in under 3 minutes.

• We still know what to do with all the parts of a buffalo.

• We don't marry our kin-folk.• We invented ski-doos, jet-skis, velcro, zippers, insulin,

penicillin, zambonis, the telephone and short wave radios that save countless lives each year.

• We all have frozen our tongues to something metal and lived to tell about it.

• A Canadian invented Superman. • We have colored money. • Our beer advertisements are superb. • Most importantly, the handles on our beer cases are big enough

to fit your hands withmitts on. OOOoohhhhh Canada!!

• And we don't bomb our allies. • oh yeah... and our elections only take one day.

I AM CANADIAN!!!

WHAT DO CANADIAN HAVE TO BE PROUD OF ? (Cont’d)

BUT MOST IMPORTANT!

• The handles on our beer cases are big enough to fit your hands with mitts on. OOOoohhhhh Canada!!

• And we don't bomb our allies. oh yeah... and our elections only take one day. Pass this on if you are proud to be Canadian!!!  

• I AM CANADIAN!!!

CANADA: A CARING SOCIETY

Canadians believe in the fundamental principle of being equitable

Risk is shared equally by all

Example:

Medical services are available to all Canadiansand everyone pays the same insurance premium.

Hence, a person who becomes seriously ill is not penalized by having to pay significantly high insurance premiums

Medical care is a basic human right.

CANADA’S ASSETS

• Enormous resources

Large land massOil and gas reserves

Huge supplies of fresh water• Universal programs in societal well-being

Medicare system is effective, universal and not costly

• Good infrastructure which is accessible to all citizens• Underpopulated• A safe and caring society

A solid foundation for innovation in industry, agriculture and other activities to emerge and prosper.

ADVANTAGES OF EFFECTIVE INFRASTRUCTURE

• Provide reliable and affordable services to support a prosperous society.

• Encourages middle class to be innovative.

• Furnishes a foundation for entrepreneurs to start new business and expand existing ones.

• Attracts industry and investments.

• Supports agricultural, commercial and other activities.