cam's science project

8/12/2019 Cam's Science Project

1/15

Chemistry Project

By: Cameron MacDonald


2/15

Atoms, Protons, Neutrons, and Electrons

Atoms

Electrons

Neutrons

Protons

Atoms are composed of three different parts:

Protons, neutrons, and electrons. When these

three parts combine, they i!e the atom a

positi!e, neati!e, or neutral chare "hich "e

#no" as $electricity%.

Protons are one of the three parts of an atom.

Protons al"ays ha!e a positi!e chare. &f

ma'ority of the atom is protons, then the atom is

called a $cation%.

(he neutron ot its name because of its neutral

chare. &t "ill al"ays ha!e )ero chare. (he

number of neutrons in an atom affects "hether

the atom has a neutral chare, or not.

Electrons are the other parts of an atom. (hey

"ill al"ays ha!e a neati!e chares. &f the

ma'ority of the atom is electrons, it "ill be

called an $anion%.


3/15

Molecules, Elements, andMatter

Molecules are made up of

different *uantities of atoms.

(hey also ma#e up matter,

"hich ma#es up the "hole

atmosphere. Molecules canbe found any"here.

Elements are compositions of different

molecules and atoms. Elements are

mi+ed to create all li!in thins that "e

see today.

Matter is "hat ma#es up the

uni!erse. &t is found in states

such as: as, plasma, solid,

and li*uid.

Matter

Molecules Elements


4/15

Endothermic & Exothermic

Endothermic E+othermic&nner (emp. -uter (emp.

Produces its o"n heat

from the inside. ets its heat from another

source.

!s.


5/15

Physical/ChemicalProperties

hape

i)e

/le+ibility

0uster

Mass

Malleability

Combustion 1eat

Meltin Point

Physical Properties

/ree)in Point

/lammability

Boilin Point

(o+icity

Chemical Properties

A physical property is a

property of an ob'ect that can

be seen, felt, etc.

A chemical property is a property

that can not be seen or felt. &t is all

"ithin the element.


6/15

Physical/ChemicalChanges

Physical Chane

A physical chane can be seen.

(he identity of the ob'ect can not

be altered

Chemical Chane

A chemical chane is a chane in

identity. &f t"o elements combine, it

"ill ma#e a ne" one.

2Water

2 Cold 3&ce Na 4sodium5 Cl 4chloride5

3NaCl 4salt5


7/15

Compounds

Compounds are combinations of different molecules that

compose a ne" substance. /or e+ample: ("o hydroen

molecules and one o+yen molecule form 1 - 4"ater5.6


8/15

Density andMass

Density is a measurement of

molecules. (he denser an ob'ect is,

the closer toether the molecules

"ill be. (hat creates a reater mass

per s*uare inch.

&n an e+periment li#e the one on the left,

4"hich "as also done in class5 the different

colored li*uids ha!e different measurements

of density. (he denser colors are closer to

the bottom and the less dense ones are closer

to the top.

Mass is a measurement of the amount

of matter in an ob'ect. &t is measured

in rams or #ilorams.

(he "ord $mass% is often misused as "eiht.

Weiht is a measurement of ra!itationalforce, "hen mass is a measurement of

matter.


9/15

Solids, Liquids, andGases

olid 0i*uid as

Molecules are pac#ed close

toether creatin more mass

in a i!en area.

Molecules aren7t as close

toether "hich ma#es less

mass in a certain area.

Molecules ha!e plenty of free

space to mo!e. &t ma#es them

less dense in a i!en area.


10/15

Meltingandree!ing

Meltin /ree)in

Meltin occurs "hen an

elements molecules are heated

up. (his causes the moleculesto mo!e around and become

li*uid. (hat is because the

molecules aren7t pac#ed closely

toether and ha!e more space to

mo!e. &t brea#s the bond

bet"een them.

/ree)in occurs "hen an elements

molecules are e+posed to the cold.

(his turns a li*uid into a solid.Water turns into ice. (his #eeps

the molecules in one place and

i!es them less space to mo!e.


11/15

Su"limation, Condensation, andE#aporation

ublimation Condensation E!aporation

ublimation is the transition from

a solid, to a as. (his process

doesn7t occur in many elements,

but it does in dry ice, naphthaline,and iodine.

Condensation is the

transition from a as to

a li*uid. (his happens"hen "ater is e+posed

to heat in a bottle,

there is de" on rass,

etc.

E!aporation is the transition from

a li*uid, to a as. (his process

creates clouds, steam, fo, etc.

(his happens "hen "ater ise+posed to heat.


12/15

Solutions and Mixtures

A solution is a combination of t"o

components. (he minor solute ise!enly distributed to the ma'or solute,

creatin a solution.

A mi+ture is a combination of t"o or

more elements8substances that ma#es ablend. Mi+tures can be thins such as:

Concrete, soda, salt "ater, lass, ca#e,

etc.


13/15

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14/15

http:88ho"tosmile.or8record86?


15/15

http:88#efacoat.com8"hat9can9#efa9do8condensation8

http:88""".as#.com8*uestion8"hat9is9a9material9that9underoes9sublimation

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