Camiguin Island, PhilippinesCamiguin Island, PhilippinesIdyllic island settingIdyllic island setting

Home to volcanic Home to volcanic eruptions, earthquakes, eruptions, earthquakes, and typhoons that trigger and typhoons that trigger debris flows and debris flows and flashfloodsflashfloods

““BuhawiBuhawi” small localized ” small localized rainstorms also induce rainstorms also induce landslides and debris flows landslides and debris flows

2001 Disaster (debris flows 2001 Disaster (debris flows and flashfloods)and flashfloods)

220 deaths and missing 220 deaths and missing personspersons

Damages (US$4M) in Damages (US$4M) in infrastructures, houses, infrastructures, houses, paddy fields and paddy fields and livestockslivestocks

Disaster Mitigation Measures for Camiguin

Philippine Government and Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA):

1.Study on Disaster Prevention and Reconstruction Project (2003)

Recommended urgent structural and non-structural measures for debris flow and flashflood disaster mitigation

2. Basic Study for Non-structural Disaster Prevention Measures for the Province of Camiguin (2004)

Legal Framework for Disaster Mitigation

PD 1566“Strengthening of the Phil. Disaster Control Capability

& Strengthening the National Program on Community Disaster Preparedness”

National Disaster Coordinating Council (NDCC)

Disaster Coordinating Councils (DCCs) Multi-sectoral, multi-agency and multi-level approach

RA 7160Local Government Code

Local Government Units Development of disaster prevention and

management programs

Participatory Approach

Ownership and sustainable involvement of the community

Coordinative Approach

Close coordination with the local government units (LGUs) and the Disaster Coordinating Councils (DCCs)

Project Cycle ManagementFeedbacks from community

Social SurveyWeaknesses and strengths in the present disaster prevention system

Community Perspectives

Survey ObservationsSurvey Observations Factors that make people vulnerable People’s understanding of disaster Disaster preparedness practices Disaster warning methods and

indicators People’s evacuation practices

Community people’s need for greater capacity Community people’s need for greater capacity building for disaster preparednessbuilding for disaster preparedness

Community Participation in Design of Nonstructural Measures

Identification, vulnerability assessment and capacity assessment of evacuation centers

Formulation of evacuation plans and training on evacuation planning

Development of public awareness materials such as poster, pamphlet, information board

Simulation exercises and drill for testing of evacuation plans and for public awareness

Development of disaster prevention manual

Operational warning system for flash flood and debris flow

Provincial, municipal, barangay hazard boundary maps

Public awareness materials

Flash flood and Debris Flow Disaster Prevention Manual

Evacuation Plans

Hazard Maps of Camiguin Island

Barangay (Community) Hazard Map

Special Forecast from PAGASA

PDCC

Fax MessageFax Message

Fax MessageFax Message

MDCC

BDCC

House to house (Bandilyo), megaphone w/ siren, church bells,

radios

House to house (Bandilyo), megaphone w/ siren, church bells,

radios

COMMUNITY

Rainfall Observation

Observations of River Conditions

Color Force of flow Sound Presence of dislodged vegetation Debris mobilization Water level

VHF Radio Message

VHF Radio Message

Rainfall Observation

Rainfall observation

Water level monitoring

1. Strengthening the local disaster coordinating councils

2. Public Awareness

3. Capacity Building

Conduct of joint table top and simulation exercise

Purchase of additional communication devices and search/rescue equipment

Regular monitoring of rainfall and water level measurements

Issuances and guidelines which allowed the expenditures

Community dialogues and orientation visits of danger areas

Disaster Coordinating Councils’ activities on other natural and man-made hazards(i.e., earthquake, volcanic, fire)

Residents far from urban centers are unfamiliar with the warning and evacuation system

Disaster training programs not only on floods but also fire, earthquake, volcanic-related courses were conducted by various institutions (LGUs, PNRC, PHIVOLCS)

Need to train more river and water level observers; Several observers left to work abroad

Camiguin Province received “Gawad Kalasag Award” in 2006, manifesting the DCC’s capability and high level of preparedness

Hazard Maps & Public awareness materials

Constant involvement of the community results to enhanced communities and the development of non-structural measures that reconcile with community’s needs, capacities and resources

Community participation in the development of measures ensures people’s awareness, acceptance and mobilization

NGOs, civil society groups and volunteers are active partners in disaster mitigation

Community, governance, technical and financial institutions, and the civil society ensure the sustainability of community based-disaster mitigation measures

Presence of other hazards and their corresponding measures contribute to the community being disaster conscious

There is a need to intensify public awareness campaigns, particularly on the remote areas in the province

Rainfall warning criteria maybe improved based on accumulated records of rainfall and actual occurrences of debris flow and flash floods

Community-Based Disaster Mitigation:Reducing Risk and Vulnerability