cambridge science chapddter 2

8/11/2019 Cambridge Science Chapddter 2

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CAMBRIDGE YEAR 6

SCIENCECHAPTER 2: SCIENTISTS


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2.1 SCIENTISTS

Scienceis the best way we have of

finding out about theworld.

Science does not have answer toeverything. Scientistsdiscover new

things about the world and then explain

them to others.

Scientistscome from all over theworld

and are bothmen and women.


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2.1 SCIENTISTS

Scientificskills

Plan goodinvestigation

Make predictions

and explain why

Collect data

Make accurateobservations and

measurements

Learn from work

of otherscientists

Draw conclusions

Explain how datasupports your

prediction


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2.2 ALHAZEN AND HOW WE SEE

An Iraqi scientist,Alhazen, explained how

we see things.

Alhazenworked

inside a darkroom with ahole in the

wall

Outside hehung

lanterns

He found hecould only

see things in

the roomwhen the

lantern lightshine on them

He concludedthat in order

for us to see,the light mustbe reflectedby objects

into the eyes


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2.3 BENDING OF LIGHT

Alhazenalso explained how lightwas

bent and use these idea to investigate

how lenses magnify objects.Phenomena caused by the bending of

light:

(i)Astick half-immersed in water to

appear bent

(ii)A deep pond appearsshallower


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A stick appears bent in water


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A deep pond appears shallower


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2.4 FASTER AND FASTER

Isambard Kingdom Brunel hated

wasting time. He wanted to go places

fast. He built the Great Western Railwayto speed up thejourney between London

and Bristol.

The journey between London to Bristol is190 km.


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2.4 FASTER AND FASTER

Date Vehicle Time Km per hour

1784 Stagecoach 16 hours 11.88

1837 Improved stagecoach 11 hours 17.27

1851 First steam train 4.5 hours 42.22

1912 Fast train 2 hours 95

2003 Modern express 1.5 hours 126.67


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2.5 YOU ARE A SCIENTIST

Mpemba and the ice cream

Mpemba was a thirteen-year-old school

student in Tanzania who made his ownice cream. As he made it, he noticed that

warm water froze faster than cold.

Mpemba discovery challenged

scientists. They suggest several

theories.


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Theoriessuggested byscientists why

warm waterfreezes fasterthan colder

water

Ice on top of thecold water insulatesthe water making it

freezes slower

Warm water evaporatesfaster than cold water

and so less warm wateravailable to freeze so it

freezes faster

Heating water removegases like oxygen

and carbon dioxidefrom the water

making it freeze faster


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How do you imagine Albert Einstein?


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Einsteinmade his greatest discovery

when he was 14.

Einstein imagined what it would be like totravelat the speed oflight.


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Video on Albert Einstein:


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cambridge science chapddter 2

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