بسم ألله ألرحمن ألرحيم

SEMINAR ON;

COMPLEMENTARY &

ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE

PREPARED BY;

SHAMSADEEN A. MUHAMMAD

CONTENT;1. Objectives2. Definition3. What does complementary medicine and alternative medicine

mean?4. Defference between alternative and conventional medical system.5. Research studies.6. Why people use CAM?7. Legal and ethical consideration of CAM8. Classification of CAM.9. Selected herbs,minerals,and vitamines for mental health use10. Nurses role.11. References.

Objectives;Define complementary and alternative

medicine.Describe the current state of research of

CAM therapies for psychiatric mental healthcare.

Discuss legal and ethical consideration for CAM.

List the domain of CAM therapy .Provide examples of therapies within each

domain.Understand the nurses role in CAM therapy.

Definition;Complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) is a term

used to describe a wide range of healing systems that are not considered part of mainstream or conventional Western medicine. The goal of conventional medicine is to find the physical source of a particular disease and then treat it.

For example, if a person has an infection, a conventional doctor may prescribe an antibiotic to kill the invading bacteria. CAM practitioners, on the other hand, take a more "holistic" approach to health care.

CAM practitioners treat the whole person.

What does complementary medicine and alternative medicine mean?Complementary medicine refers to therapies used in

combination with conventional medicine, while alternative medicine is used in place of conventional medicine.

An example of complementary medicine is using hypnotherapy (hypnosis) with pain medications to reduce anxiety and enhance relaxation in people recovering from severe burns.

An example of alternative medicine would be following a special diet and taking herbs or vitamins rather than medications to treat attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD).

Alternative medical systems

Conventional medical system

1-believe that health result from harmony between the person,his or her environment and energy force.2-focus on maintaining a healthy state.3-identify with and are sensitive to cultural traditions4-incorporate religious principle.5-rely heavily on medicinal plants.6-do not have established educational standards for practitioner.7-do not regulate practice.

1-believe that health results from normal physiologic function.2-focus on treating illness or injury.3-recognize cultura differences but may not incorporate the client´s beliefs in the treatment regimen.4-do not reject spirituality, but do not apply any religious significance to a person´s illness or recovery.5-rely on manufactured pharmaceuticals.6-require practitioners to have formal education beyond college.7-require formal licensure.

Research studies;Current CAM include eight new health science

research studies and five grant to integrate CAM in medical and and nursing curricula.

CAM researches focusing on psychiatric and mental health is limited.

A study on treatment of major depression using hypericum has been completed and submitted for publication ,and a trail using Ginkgo biloba to prevent dementia is in progress.

Why people use CAM?According to the survey was done in the US that;1. 55% of adults said they believed that it would help

them when combined with conventional medical treatments.

2. 50% thought CAM would be interesting to try.3. 26% used CAM because a conventional medical

professional suggested they try it.4. 13% used CAM because they felt that conventional

medicine was too expensive.

legal and ethical consideration for CAMThe ethical and legal consideration for CAM are

manifold,many consideration related to herbal therapy for example the (FDA) has no authority over herbals.

Of the 600 botanicals sold in the US ,less than dozen have been tested in controlled clinical trails that determine their safety and effectiveness.

Another ethical consideration related to the practitioner´s need to know all vitamins,herbs,or energy treatment that a client recieving,along with standard medical treatment and medication.

Legal consideration include required education or training with designated actions for licensure or certification.

Classification of CAM

Classification of CAM

The National Center for Complementary and Alternative Medicine (NCCAM) classifies CAM therapies into 5 major groups:

1. Alternative systems of medical practice. built upon complete systems of theory and practice. Examples

include homeopathy, naturopathy, traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), accupuncture,and Ayurveda.

Homeopathy; uses small doses of specially prepared plant extract,herbs,and other material to stimulate the body ُ� ُs defense mechanism and healing process.

Naturopathy; emphasize health restoration rather than disease treatment and conditon homeopathy herbal medicine hydrotherapy,therapeutic counseling and other therpies.

Accupuncture;it is performed by askilled practitioner and involves the placement of needles into the skin at meredian points.

Ayurveda;means the science of life and is aphilosophy that emphasize individual responsibility for health.

Continue......2. Mind –body interventions. uses a range of techniques that help boost the

mind's ability to influence bodily functions. Examples include music therapy, deep relaxation, guided imagery, hypnotherapy, prayer, support groups and meditation (is astate of consciousness and an experience of the mind in which one tries to achieve awareness with out thought).

Continue.......3. Biologically based therpies. use of substances found in nature, such as herbal therapies,

aroma therapy, foods, and vitamins to promote health.4. Manipulative and body-based methods. this category includes methods that are based on

manipulation or movement of the body or both to improve health and restore function.T´ai chi (some times defined as “moving meditation” is achinese blend of exercise and energy work with aseries of cherographed, continous, slow movement performed with mental concentration and coordinated breathing),yoga and massage are body-based methods thought to affect mental health.

Continue.......5.Energy therapies. involves the use of energy fields to promote health. Some kinds

of energy medicine (known as biofield therapies) aim to influence energy fields believed to surround and penetrate the human body. Examples include qi gong, Reiki (is an energy- based therapy in which the practitioner´s energy is connected to a universal sourse(chi,qi,prana)and is transfered to arecipient for physical or spirituals healing) and Therapeutic Touch. Other forms of energy medicine (known as bioelectromagnetic based medicine) use electromagnetic fields, such as electroacupuncture.

Selected herbs,minerals,and vitamines for mental health use

Herbs,minerals,and

vitamines

uses

1-ginkgo biloba

2-ginseng

3-guarana

4-hops

5-kavakava

6-valerian

1-Reduse senility,and short-term memory loss and improve periphral circulation.2-Reduse stress and fatique improve physical and mental function,especially with elderly clients.3-Enhances cognition,reduce combat fatique,and acts as a cerebral stimulation.4-Has asedative effect reduces anxiety.

5-Reduces stress and anxiety, reduces insomnia.

6-Relieves anxiety and insomnia.

The nurses roleNurses have opportunity to obtain information from the

client , relate information to the client and facilitate the blending of CAM and trditional healing modalities.

In addition , nurses can become intuitively adept at inter acting and communicating with the energetic system in the body.

It is important for the nurse to develope an”energy-inclusive” mental healthcare plan with client , especially if some treatment is meaningfull to him or her.

References; Wanda K. Mohr(2003) , psychiatric mental health ,

5th Edition , Lippincott Williams and Wilkins , Pp (275-286).

Judith M. Schultz , Sheilal . Vediback , (2009) , psychiatric Nursing care plan , 8th Edition ,walters kluwer health ,Lippincott Williams and Wilkins, Pp (767-781).

Sheilal Vide Beck(2006). Psychiatric Mental Health Nursing. 3rd Edition. Copyright. p (445-452).

Ann Isaaes, RN, MS, APRN-BC (2005). Mental Health and Psychiatric Nursing. 4th Edition. p 184.

A ُN ُY ُQuestions

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