calibration of rainfall - runo ff m odel gr4j for the hiran y ... bee n de v eloped, th ese m odels...

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l a n r u o J l a n o i t a n r e t n I ) M R E J I ( t n e m e g a n a M d n A h c r a e s e R g n i r e e n i g n E f o 9 4 3 2 : N S S I - e m u l o V , 8 5 0 2 - e u s s I , 3 0 - 6 1 0 2 e n u J , 6 0 3 5 1 m o c . m r e j i . w w w t c a r t s b A g n i n i a g s a h g n i l l e d o m f f o n u r l l a f n i a R l a n o i t a r e p o f o n o i t a c i l p p a y n a m n i e c n a t r o p m i s u o d n e m e r t m l a c i g o l o r d y H . y g o l o r d y h r e t a w r o f d e s u e b n a c s l e d o d o o l f , n o i t a m i t s e d o o l f s a h c u s t n e m e g a n a m e c r u o s e r n I . s m e t s y s n o i t a g i r r i f o t n e m e g a n a m d n a n g i s e d , g n i t s a c e r o f f f o n u r l l a f n i a r r e p a p s i h t - i h s e k a y n a r i H r o f g n i l l e d o m e h T . l e d o m ) J 4 R G ( e c r u o S g n i s u y b d e s s e s s a s a w d e h s r e t a w e d o m f o p u g n i t t e s y l t s r i f , s e g a t s o w t y b t u o d e i r r a c g n i l l d n a n o i t a r b i l a c y l d n o c e s d n a o i r a n e c s d r a z i w c i h p a r g o e g h s a N e h T . d e h s r e t a w i h s e k a y n a r i H e h t r o f l e d o m f o n o i t a d i l a v . y c a r u c c a l e d o m k c e h c o t d e s u s i ) E S N ( t n e i c i f f e o C e f f i l c t u S t d e d n e t n i s i y d u t s e h T m o r f n o i t a r e n e g f f o n u r s s e s s a o s r e t e m a r a p r u o f e h t w o n k o t d n a d e h s r e t a w i h s e k a y n a r i H . f f o n u r e h t o t g n i t u b i r t n o c l l a f n i a R : s d r o w y e K - J 4 R G , l e d o m l a c i g o l o r d y H , l e d o m f f o n u r . d e h s r e t a w i h s e k a y n a r i H , l e d o m . I I N O I T C U D O R T N s m e t s y s l a r u t a n e h t t n e s e r p e r o T a m s l e d o m l a c i g o l o r d y h y n e t a m i t s e o t d e s u e b n a c s l e d o m e s e h t , d e p o l e v e d n e e b e v a h e c r u o s e r r o f s p l e h h c i h w s t n e n o p m o c e c n a l a b r e t a w e h t s e c i t c a r p n o i t a v r e s n o c d n a t n e m e g a n a m ] 1 [ . l l a f n i a r , t a h t n I c i d e r p d n a t s a c e r o f o t s t s y l a n a e h t s e l b a n e g n i l l e d o m f f o n u r t o t t c e p s e r h t i w t n e m h c t a c m o r f n o i t a r e n e g f f o n u r e h t t n e m h c t a c e h t y b d e v i e c e r n o i t a t i p i c e r p [2] s i f f o n u r s i h T . e h t n o s d n e p e d f o e p y t , y h p a r g o p o t d n a l d n a e s u d n a l , l i o s s e g n a h c e t a m i l c d n a r e v o c [3 . ] l a c i g o l o r d y h t n e r e f f i D d e s u e r a s e h c a o r p p a g n i l l e d o m l l a f n i a r e h t d l i u b o t - f f o n u r i m e s , g n i l l e d o m l a u t p e c n o c y b , l e d o m - d e t u b i r t s i d . ] 2 [ g n i l l e d o m d e t u b i r t s i d d n a g n i l l e d o m , s l e d o m d e p m u l n I n i e r e h w t n e m h c t a c e h t f o t e l t u o e h t t a d e t a m i t s e s i f f o n u r o i t a t e g e v , l i o s , e s u d n a l f o n o i t u b i r t s i d l a i t a p s e h t s i h t d n a n d e r o n g i s i y h p a r g o p o t ] 5 [ d n a e l p m i s e r a s l e d o m d e p m u L . r o f d n a n o i t u c e x e d n a p u t e s r o f a t a d m u m i n i m s e r i u q e r n o i t a r b i l a c ] 6 [ . e h t s e v i g s l e d o m d e t u b i r t s i d f o e s u e h T e m i t e r a y e h t , ] 7 [ m e t s y s l a e r f o n o i t a t n e s e r p e r t s e s o l c g r a l s e r i u q e r d n a g n i m u s n o c y l l a c i s y h p o t a t a d f o t n u o m a e r o f g n i m u s n o c e m i t o s l a d n a n i a m o d y d u t s t n e s e r p e r e h T . ] 8 [ n o i t a c i f i t n e d i r e t e m a r a p d n a l e d o m f o n o i t a r b i l a c e b o t d i a s e r a s l e d o m d e t u b i r t s i d d n a d e p m u l f o n o i t a n i b m o c i m e S s a - t a d s s e l s e r i u q e r l e d o m s i h T . s l e d o m d e t u b i r t s i d a 2 2 e n u J d e v i e c e r t p i r c s u n a M 1 0 2 , 6 M a j a r a t a N , y l a n i F , t n e m e g a n a M d n a L & r e t a W f o . t p e D , h c e T . M r a e y t i s r e v i n U l a c i g o l o n h c e T a y a r a v s e v s i V , a i d n I , i v a g a l e B l i t a P . S j a r g a N , & r e t a W f o . t p e D , r o s s e f o r P e t a i c o s s A d n a L i g o l o n h c e T a y a r a v s e v s i V , t n e m e g a n a M a i d n I , i v a g a l e B , y t i s r e v i n U l a c . ] 9 [ s l e d o m d e t u b i r t s i d e h t o t e r a p m o c e h t , r e p a p s i h t n I l l a f n i a r f o e c n a m r o f r e p s s e s s a o t s i e v i t c e j b o n i a m - f f o n u r s r e t e m a r a p l e d o m y f i t n e d i o t y l d n o c e s d n a l e d o m n a i l a r t s u A e h T . n o i t a r e n e g f f o n u r e h t o t g n i t u b i r t n o c s u ) J 4 R G ( e c r u o S l e d o m l a c i g o l o r d y h o t y d u t s s i h t n i d e l l a f n i a r s s e s s a - . n o i t a r e n e g f f o n u r . I I S Y D U T A E R A s a d e t c e l e s s a w ) 1 . g i F ( d e h s r e t a W i h s e k a y n a r i H e t i s y d u t s e h t . a i d n I , n i s a b a n h s i r K n i a s i r e v i r i h s e k a y n a r i H t f e l - e h t n i g n i n n i g e b r e v i r a h b a r p a t a h G e h t f o y r a t u b i r t k n a b i s t a h G n r e t s e W . a r t h s a r a h a M f o a e r a g r u d u h d n i S e h t n e h T i h s e k a y n a r i H e h t f o t n e m h c t a c w n o i g e r e h t n i s e i l d e h s r e t a n r e t s a e d n a N ' 1 2 ° 6 1 o t N ' 6 5 ° 5 1 t a L n r e h t r o n e h t n e e w t e b . q s 3 3 . 3 3 2 1 f o a e r a n a s r e v o c t I . E ' 5 3 ° 4 7 o t E ' 0 0 ° 4 7 g n o L s i r p m o c y l l a c i s a b d e h s r e t a W . m k , s e n o t s d n a s , e t i z t r a u q f o s e s i e t a m i l c e h T . e n o t s e m i l d n a s e l a h s , d e t a r e m o l g n o c r o n i m r , l a c i p o r t b u s e t a r e d o m e h t n i d e t u b i r t s i d y l n e v e t o n s i l l a f n i a n a h t e r o m m o r f t s a e o t t s e w m o r f s e s a e r c e d t i d n a n i s a b y l e v i t c e p s e r r a e y / m m 0 0 0 1 n a h t s s e l o t r a e y / m m 0 0 0 3 [1 1 . ] a e r a y d u t S f o n o i t a c o L : 1 . g i F . I I I M Y G O L O D O H T E . A n o i t a c i f i s s a l C ) C L / U L ( r e v o c d n a L / e s u d n a L s a w d e h s r e t a w i h s e k a y n a r i H e h t r o f n o i t a c i f i s s a l c C L / U L 7 t a s d n a L g n i s u 4 1 0 2 e n i g a m I S A D R E y b d e m r o f r e p e g a m i e t i l l e t a s 7 t a s d n a L e h T . s e g a m i e t i l l e t a s 2 . g i F ( ) r o f m o r f ) 0 0 0 2 / l i r p A / 8 2 ( d e d a o l n w o d e r e w 9 4 / 6 4 1 w o r / h t a p a h t i w s d n a b 8 s n i a t n o c t i e r e h W . e t i s S G S U r e r o l p x e h t r a e c i t a m o r h c n a p d n a ) s d n a b 7 o t 1 ( m 0 3 f o n o i t u l o s e r l a i t a p s . ) 8 d n a B ( n o i t u l o s e r m 5 1 f o s i s d n a b n o i t a c i f i s s a l c C L / U L y b d e v e i h c a e r e w g n i s u ) 3 . g i F ( y g o l o d o h t e m t r a h c w o l f d o o h i l e k i L m u m i x a M h t i w n o i t a c i f i s s a l c d e s i v r e p u s g n i s u . m h t i r o g l A 0 0 0 2 r a e y e h t r o f d e r a p e r p s a w p a m C L / U L e h T f o n o i t a r b i l a C l l a f n i a R - l e d o m f f o n u r J 4 R G i h s e k a y n a r i H e h t r o f e c r u o S g n i s u d e h s r e t a W l e d o M M a j a r a t a N , . r D . S j a r g a N l i t a P

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lanruoJ lanoitanretnI )MREJI( tnemeganaM dnA hcraeseR gnireenignE fo 9432 :NSSI - emuloV ,8502 - eussI ,30 - 6102 enuJ ,60

351 moc.mreji.www

tcartsbA — gniniag sah gnilledom ffonur llafniaR

lanoitarepo fo noitacilppa ynam ni ecnatropmi suodnemertm lacigolordyH .ygolordyh retaw rof desu eb nac sledo

doolf ,noitamitse doolf sa hcus tnemeganam ecruoser nI .smetsys noitagirri fo tnemeganam dna ngised ,gnitsacerof

ffonur llafniar repap siht - ihsekaynariH rof gnilledom ehT .ledom )J4RG( ecruoS gnisu yb dessessa saw dehsretaw

edom fo pu gnittes yltsrif ,segats owt yb tuo deirrac gnill dna noitarbilac yldnoces dna oiranecs draziw cihpargoeg hsaN ehT .dehsretaw ihsekaynariH eht rof ledom fo noitadilav .ycarucca ledom kcehc ot desu si )ESN( tneiciffeoC effilctuS

t dednetni si yduts ehT morf noitareneg ffonur ssessa o sretemarap ruof eht wonk ot dna dehsretaw ihsekaynariH

.ffonur eht ot gnitubirtnoc

llafniaR :sdrowyeK - J4RG ,ledom lacigolordyH ,ledom ffonur.dehsretaw ihsekaynariH ,ledom

.I I NOITCUDORTN

smetsys larutan eht tneserper oT am sledom lacigolordyh yn etamitse ot desu eb nac sledom eseht ,depoleved neeb evah ecruoser rof spleh hcihw stnenopmoc ecnalab retaw eht

secitcarp noitavresnoc dna tnemeganam ]1[ . llafniar ,taht nIciderp dna tsacerof ot stsylana eht selbane gnilledom ffonur t

ot tcepser htiw tnemhctac morf noitareneg ffonur ehttnemhctac eht yb deviecer noitatipicerp [2] si ffonur sihT.

eht no sdneped fo epyt ,yhpargopot dnal dna esu dnal ,liossegnahc etamilc dna revoc [3 .] lacigolordyh tnereffiD

desu era sehcaorppa gnilledom llafniar eht dliub ot - ffonurimes ,gnilledom lautpecnoc yb ,ledom - detubirtsid

.]2[ gnilledom detubirtsid dna gnilledom ,sledom depmul nI ni erehw tnemhctac eht fo teltuo eht ta detamitse si ffonur

oitategev ,lios ,esu dnal fo noitubirtsid laitaps eht siht dna nderongi si yhpargopot ]5[ dna elpmis era sledom depmuL .

rof dna noitucexe dna putes rof atad muminim seriuqernoitarbilac ]6[ . eht sevig sledom detubirtsid fo esu ehT

emit era yeht ,]7[ metsys laer fo noitatneserper tsesolcgral seriuqer dna gnimusnoc yllacisyhp ot atad fo tnuoma e

rof gnimusnoc emit osla dna niamod yduts tneserper ehT.]8[ noitacifitnedi retemarap dna ledom fo noitarbilac eb ot dias era sledom detubirtsid dna depmul fo noitanibmoc

imeS sa - tad ssel seriuqer ledom sihT .sledom detubirtsid a

22 enuJ deviecer tpircsunaM 102 , 6

M ajarataN , y laniF ,tnemeganaM dnaL & retaW fo .tpeD ,hceT .M raeytisrevinU lacigolonhceT ayaravsevsiV , aidnI ,ivagaleB

litaP .S jargaN , & retaW fo .tpeD ,rosseforP etaicossA dnaLigolonhceT ayaravsevsiV ,tnemeganaM aidnI ,ivagaleB ,ytisrevinU lac

.]9[ sledom detubirtsid eht ot erapmoc eht ,repap siht nIllafniar fo ecnamrofrep ssessa ot si evitcejbo niam - ffonur

sretemarap ledom yfitnedi ot yldnoces dna ledom nailartsuA ehT .noitareneg ffonur eht ot gnitubirtnoc

su )J4RG( ecruoS ledom lacigolordyh ot yduts siht ni dellafniar ssessa - .noitareneg ffonur

.II S YDUT AERA

sa detceles saw )1 .giF( dehsretaW ihsekaynariH etis yduts eht .aidnI ,nisab anhsirK ni a si revir ihsekaynariH

tfel - eht ni gninnigeb revir ahbarpatahG eht fo yratubirt knabi stahG nretseW .arthsarahaM fo aera gruduhdniS eht n ehT

ihsekaynariH eht fo tnemhctac w noiger eht ni seil dehsreta nretsae dna N '12 °61 ot N '65 °51 taL nrehtron eht neewteb .qs 33.3321 fo aera na srevoc tI .E '53 °47 ot E '00 °47 gnoL

sirpmoc yllacisab dehsretaW .mk ,senotsdnas ,etiztrauq fo se si etamilc ehT .enotsemil dna selahs ,detaremolgnoc ronim

r ,laciportbus etaredom eht ni detubirtsid ylneve ton si llafnia naht erom morf tsae ot tsew morf sesaerced ti dna nisab

ylevitcepser raey/mm0001 naht ssel ot raey/mm0003 [ 11 .]

aera ydutS fo noitacoL :1 .giF

.III M YGOLODOHTE

.A noitacifissalC )CL/UL( revoc dnaL /esu dnaL saw dehsretaw ihsekaynariH eht rof noitacifissalc CL/UL 7 tasdnaL gnisu 4102 enigamI SADRE yb demrofrep

egami etilletas 7 tasdnaL ehT .segami etilletas 2 .giF( ) rof morf )0002/lirpA/82( dedaolnwod erew 94/641 wor/htap a htiw sdnab 8 sniatnoc ti erehW .etis SGSU rerolpxe htrae citamorhcnap dna )sdnab 7 ot 1( m03 fo noituloser laitaps

.)8 dnaB( noituloser m51 fo si sdnab noitacifissalc CL/UL yb deveihca erew gnisu )3 .giF( ygolodohtem trahcwolf

doohilekiL mumixaM htiw noitacifissalc desivrepus gnisu .mhtiroglA 0002 raey eht rof deraperp saw pam CL/UL ehT

fo noitarbilaC llafniaR - ledom ffonur J4RG ihsekaynariH eht rofecruoS gnisu dehsretaW ledoM

M ajarataN , .rD .S jargaN litaP

llafniaR fo noitarbilaC - ledoM ecruoS gnisu dehsretaW ihsekaynariH eht rof J4RG ledom ffonur

451 moc.mreji.www

.giF( 4 slaever siht dna ) %55.35 ,dnal larutlucirga %43 dna pu tliub %304.4 dna tserof %62.7 ,dnal elbavitlucnu

.ydob retaw %02.0

:2 .giF egami etilletas 7 tasdnaL

:3 .giF UL rof trahcwolF / CL noitacifissalc

.giF 4 UL : / 0002 raey eht rof pam CL

.B ledom )J4RG( ecruoS eht fo noitpircseD

ledoM lacigolordyH s’ailartsuA na si ecruoS retaWe ehTledom revir rof deilppa gnilledom tnemhctac eht dna gnil

revir dna gninnalp retaw retteb dnatsrednu ot spleh hcihw .snoitcnuf ecruos ni oiranecs eht si draziw lacigoloeg ehT

repap siht nI .oiranecs stnemhctac a etaerc ot desucs tnemhctac etaerc ot dezilitu si oiranecs cihpargoeG oirane

gningissA ,MED gnizilitu dehsretaw ihsekaynariH rofedon dliub ot dna )UF( stinu lanoitcnuF - krowten knil refer(

)6 .giF .giF , 5 .oiranecs cihpargoeg rof trahcwolf eht swohs llafniar laciripme tnereffid sniatnoc ledom ecruoS - ffonur

ripme J4RG .sledom saw hcihw ledom ffonur llafniar lacipoleved de si dna sretemarap ruof no desab ledom ,nireP yb

yliad no skrow ledom ehT .J3RG fo noisrev deifidom eht laitnetop dna llafniar yliad sdeen pets emit ledom J4RG ehT .atad )TEP( noitaripsnartopave

of noitpircsed woleb nevig sa gnilledom ffonur r . erots noitcudorP A :serots owt otni dedivid si ledom J4RG

erots gnituoR A dna . X( erots noitcudorP 1 eht ni egarots si ) fo ecafrus lios noitalocrep dna noitaripsnartopave era ereht ,

s siht fo yticapac ehT .egarots siht ni eht no sdneped egarot egnahcxe retaw dnuorG .nisab revir taht ni lios fo sepyt

X( tneiciffeoc 2 .erots gnituor ecneulfni retemarap siht )X( egarots gnituoR 3 ) tnuoma lios ni derots retaw fo suorop ,

kaep emiT .lios fo ytidimuh dna epyt no sdneped eulav siht(X4 .)yad( 1HU tinu hpargordyh fo etanidro )

5 .giF ygolodohteM ecruoS rof trahcwolF :

6 .giF : sedoN detareneG - rof krowten skniL

dehsretaw ihsekaynariH

noitauqe laciripme woleb ehT s te xueiV( morf derefer erew)5102 .la :etis retaWe dna ,

neht ,E > P fI 1 .qe yb nevig si nP llafniar ten

P = nP – E }1{

0 = nE }2{

lanruoJ lanoitanretnI )MREJI( tnemeganaM dnA hcraeseR gnireenignE fo 9432 :NSSI - emuloV ,8502 - eussI ,30 - 6102 enuJ ,60

551 moc.mreji.www

)1

(hnat.1

1

)1

(hnat.}2)1

(1{.1

XnP

XS

XnP

XSX

sP }3{

nP trap gniniamer ehT - < P fI .ffonur etaluclac ot desu si sP & }4{ .qe ni nevig si llafniar ten dna noitaropave ten eht .E

.}5{

E = nE – P }4{

0 = nP }5{

erots noitcudorp eht morf decartxe si nE ,}6{ .qe sE trap A}7{ .qe yb detirwer si noitauqe eht neht

)1

(hnat.)1

1(1

)1

(hnat.}2)1

(2{.

XnE

XS

XnE

XSS

sP }6{

sP + S = S – sE }7{

41

4

19411.XSScreP }8{

nP = rP – creP + sP }9{

owt otni dedivid neht si rP tcerid rof )%01( trap eno ,strappargordyh 2UH eht hguorht 1Q ffonur h ;4X2 emit esab htiw

sehcaer hcihw 9Q ffonur deyaled rof )%09( trap rehto eht emit esab htiw 1UH hpargordyh tinu hguorht erots gnituor

.3X si erots gnituor eht fo tnetnoc mumixam ehT .4X lautcA noitcnuf fo eulav eht dna 9Q gnsu detirwer si R tnetnoc

)2X(F

tneiciffeoc egnahcxe retawdnuorg a si 2X erehW

mk kikUHiQ 1 )1(rP)(21.0)(1 }01{

Lk kikUHiQ 1 )1(rP)(19.0)(9 }11{

2X = )2X(F3X

R 27

}21{

+ R ,0( xam = R )F + 9Q )31(

deyaled lanif eht etaluclac ot desu si erots gnituor eht nehT dQ ffonur tcerid etaluclac oT .erots gnituor eht fo rQ tuptuo ehT .}51{ .qe ni nevig denibmoc era )2X(F dna 1Q eht

yb nevig si yad eht rof teltuo nisab morf noitareneg ffonurus .dQ dna rQ gnimm

41

4

311.

XRRrQ )41{

)F + 1Q ,0( xam = dQ }51{

dQ + Q = Q }61{

.VI A NOITACILPP

ehT :spets eerht swollof ledom eht fo noitacilppA ledom dna atad tupni eht tsujda ot desu ssecorp ,noitarbilac

av tuptuo devresbo eht teem ot sretemarap ehT .eul detarbilac fo tuptuo eht kcehc ot si ledom eht fo noitadilav dna ,atad tuptuo devresbo fo seires emit txen eht htiw ledom

.yduts eht fo stluser yllanif

.A ledom eht fo noitadilaV dna noitarbilaC fmaerts eht etarbilac ot desu si draziw noitarbilaC ehT wol

etarbilac ot desu eb nac tI .ledom ecruoS a fo stnemele noitarbilac wolF .sledom gnituor knil dna ffonur llafniar etarbilac ot redro nI .ssecorp noitarbilac rof desu sisylana rutoG( atad egrahcsid yliad eht ,ledom J4RG etadilav dna

aynariH rof )noitatS morf deniatbo saw dehsretaw ihsek ehT .)aidnI ,SIRW( metsyS noitamrofnI ecruoseR retaW doirep noitarbilac rof eno strap owt otni tilps erew atad

5991( - 0002( doirep noitadilav rof rehtona dna )9991 - .)5002

.B noitinifeD sretemarapateM

,loot noitarbilac eht nI sretemarap era sretemarapatem .noitarbilac fo sesoprup eht rof ylralucitrap deifitnedi laudividni fo rebmun eht eziminim ot spleh retemarapateM hcaE .detarbilac eb ot deen taht sretemarap ledom ,)1 elbaT( segnar elbissimrep eht gnivah retemarapatem

e hcihw eb nac sretemarap ledom detaicossa eht fo hca ledom eht etarbilac oT .setucexe noitarbilac eht sa deirav ecruoS ni elbaliava era snoitcnuf noitazimitpo tnereffid ot desu si )ECS( noitulovE xelpmoC delffuhS taht ni ,ledom

ehT .sretemarap ledom eht ezimitpo eno evitareti si ssecorp.noitcnuf evitcejbo fo eulav tseb sevig hcihw

.V R OISSUCSID DNA STLUSE SN

.A ledom )ecruoS( J4RG fo noitarbilaC

.giF ni nwohs era ledom ecruoS )J4RG( eht morf stluser ehT7 gnirud wolf detalumis dna devresbo yliad fo nosirapmoc

oitarbilac eht otni stluser gnitropxe yb dettolp era doirep nR ehT .lecxe 2 deniatbo 79.0 dna 9877.0 era eulav ESN dna

R dna noitarbilac gnirud 2 rof 79.0 si ESN dna 367.0 si.noitadilav

.giF 7 detalumis dna devresbo yliad fo nosirapmoC :

noitarbilac gnirud wolf

.B ilaV ledom )ecruoS( J4RG fo noitad

,5002 ot 0002 morf detadilav si ledom )ecruoS( J4RG ehT .giF 8 wolf devresbo dna detalumis fo nosirapmoc gniwohs

R eht ecneH .noitadilav gnirud 2 deniatbo seulav ESN dna.79.0 dna 56.0 era

llafniaR fo noitarbilaC - ledoM ecruoS gnisu dehsretaW ihsekaynariH eht rof J4RG ledom ffonur

651 moc.mreji.www

.giF 8 dna detalumis fo nosirapmoC : wolf devresbo

.noitadilav gnirud

elbaT ehT 1 R sretemarap stneserper 2 seulav ESN dna )J4RG( ecruoS fo noitadilav dna noitarbilac gnirud detluser

.ledom 7002 ,.la te isairoM deificeps ecnamrofrep tahtrof sgnitar R2 ecneh ,5.0>ESN dna 6.0> eht ivig si ledom gn

stluser yrotcafsitas doog rof noitadilav dna noitarbilac ehtdoirep ]21[ .

elbaT 1 gnirud deniatbo snoitcnuf evitcejbo fo stluseR :doirep noitadilav dna noitarbilac

noitarbilaC noitadilaV R2 9877.0 79.0

ESN 367.0 79.0

C NOISULCNO

riH ,yduts siht nI ot detceles dehsretaw ihsekayna htiw ledom laciripme gnisu noitareneg ffonur ledom dna noitarbilaC .)J4RG( ecruoS krowemarf lautpecnoc yrotcafsitas doog gnivig era stluser ledom fo noitadilav doog sevig stluser ledom J4RG pets emit yliad ehT .stluser

dnert eht ,noitagitsevni eht morF .sffonur detalumis foX( erots noitcudorP fo retemarap 1 ,mm 667.133 si )X( tneiciffeoc egnahcxe retawdnuorg 2 si ) - yticapac ,793.9

X( erots gnituor eht fo 3 emiT dna ,mm 196.831 si )X( hpargordyh tinu fo retemarap 4 syad 762.2 si ) .

R ECNEREFE

]1[ ffonuR llafniar detubirtsiD ,)1102( ,ramuK piliD dna secneics htrae fo lanruoj lanoitanretnI ,gniledom

072.pp ,gnireenigne - 572 ]2[ ,htnakeerS.S ,aneeM.L.B ,namoR.C.U,ayyasaraN.K

mrots fo noitciderP ,)3102( ,ilA deevaN.S - gnisu ffonursab yllacisyhp rupnahrub rof ledom lacigolordyh de

etomer fo lanruoj lanoitanretnI .aidnI ,dehsretaw67.pp ,2.lov ,)GSRJI( secneicsoeg dna gnisnes - 58

]3[ a sdrawoT ,)2002( ,inidoT oizE dna uiL uyihZyllacisyhp evisneherpmoc - .ledom llafniar desab

cs metsys htraE dna ygolordyH .pp ,)5(6 ,secnei958 - 188

]4[ dna detubirtsid A ,)8002(,gnaW.Q.Y dna uohZ uyuYtcejbo - llafniar detneiro - htiw ledom noitalumis ffonur

launna ,ecafrus suoivrepmi noituloser laitaps hcih1.pp ,nogerO ,dnaltroP ecnerefnoc - .21

]5[ aM dammahoM ,rimA enbI mamI firahS .dM lamaK dus dna ,amrahS .H jaR ,lusaR maloG dammahoM ,nahK

)3102(,markA ametaF , itlum citamotuA - evitcejbo yorztiF eht rof ledom ffonur llafniar fo noitarbilac fo lanruoj lanoitanretnI .ailartsuA ,dnalsneeuq ,nisab

4 lov ,tnempoleved dna ecneics latnemnorivne pp ,113. - 513

]6[ ,htnakeerS.S ,aneeM.L.B ,namoR.C.U,ayyasaraN.Kmrots fo noitciderP ,)3102( ,ilA deevaN.S - gnisu ffonur

rupnahrub rof ledom lacigolordyh desab yllacisyhp etomer fo lanruoj lanoitanretnI .aidnI ,dehsretaw

,2.lov ,)GSRJI( secneicsoeg dna gnisnes 67.pp - 58 ]7[ ,ENOG .L horD ,REINREB euqinoM dna .K.F ,iffoK

ningaN ,ERVBEFEL eneR ,YELAS .B namahaM )7002( ,UODUOK emiA te OROS ≪ oeg gnitargetnI

eht rof ledom lacigolordyh detubirtsid a ni ecaps yrovI fo sciport dimuh eht ni wolf retaw fo noitalumis

seW( tsaoC ,7002 ,gnisneS etomeR lanruoJ ,)acirfA t1 .oN ,7 .lov -2-3- 712 .pp ,4 - 32

]8[ ,renegaW.T dna ,nevohkreW nav .K ,deeR .P ,gnaT .Y fo noitaulave dna noitacifitnedi eht gnicnavdA .)7002(

llafniar detubirtsid - labolg gnisu sledom ffonurR retaW .sisylana ytivitisnes .loV ,hcraeseR secruose

1.pp ,34 - .41 ]9[ nennokeM dna inahguoR hsarA ,inaruoN dihaV

rof ytilibapaC LEDOMPOT .)1102( ,leahcimerbeGllafniar - ta dehsretaw hemamma eht fo gniledom ffonur

.smhtirogla niarret tnereffid gnisu selacs emit tnereffidne nabru fo lanruoJ ,1.n.5.lov ,gnireenigne tnemnoriv

1.PP - 41 ]01[ peceC dna ,.arupidasgnaW anajluM ,nalraH imehD

llafniaR ,)0102( tajanuM jathuM - fo gniledoM ffonuR sgnideecorP ,J4RG gnisU yb nisaB reviR uluH muratiC

II loV 0102 gnireenignE no ssergnoC dlroW eht fo ]11[ ahnaP .S nihcaS .4102 ,rawaP .T.C ,ilaM .P ragaS ,rakl

fo nisaB ihsekaynariH ni noitacifissalC ytilibapaC dnaL ,hcaorppA scitamrofnioeG A :)aidnI( arthsarahaM lacinhceT dna gnireenignE fo lanruoJ lanoitanretnI

1232 :NSSI ,)RTEJI( hcraeseR - emuloV ,9680 - ,2eussI - 81 .pp ,6 - .12

]21[ R rengiB ,.W M weiL naV ,.G J dlonrA ,.N D isairoM noitaulavE ledoM ,7002 .L T htieV & .D R lemraH ,.L ycaruccA fo noitacifitnauQ citametsyS rof senilediuG

:noitalumiS dehsretaW ni fo yteicoS naciremA sreenignE lacigoloiB dna larutlucirgA NSSI

1000 - 332 588 :)3(05 .loV ,15 - .009 ]31[ llafniaR ,)4102( iuotY enimsaY - ta gniledom ffonur

dna sledom lautpecnoc gnisu selacs yliad dna ylhtnomoruen - lanoitanretnI dn2 ,metsys ecnerefni yzzuf

ecnerefnoC - ,sdnaltew dna secruoser retaW :segaP362 - .072

]41[ taW divaD ,gnahZ ekiX ,)3102( ,sillE niboR dna ,sre llafniar J4RG dna otnemarcaS ,dyhmiS fo noitaulavE feeR reirraB taerG gnitsartnoc owt ni sledom ffonur

,stnemhctac dna gnilledoM no ssergnoC lanoitanretnI0623 segap ,noitalumiS - .6623

]51[ iduO .L ,lehciM .C ,naissaérdnA .V ,nirreP ,)5002( nllafniar rof ledom suoinomisrap a : J4RG - ffonur

,snoitalumiS ,7 .loV ,noinU secneicsoeG naeporuE24690

]61[ inéS ,UOBMAS uossuoS ,EROART ylahkuoB xueiV ,WAID uorihaT uodamA ,LLAF ydiS ,ABMAT eht gnitarbilaC ,)4102( ,ESSIC allaT demahoM

llafniar - ffonur eht no M2RG dna J4RG ledom ,revir aibmaG eht fo yratubirt a ,nisab revir uotnuoluoK ;4102 ,noitcetorP latnemnorivnE fo lanruoJ naciremA

63 :)1(3 - 44 M ajarataN

fo .tpeD .hceT .M raey laniFM dnaL dna retaW .tnemegana

seidutS GP rof retneC ,UTV , ,ivagaleB aidnI ,akatanraK

: liamE moc.liamg@571jartan

litaP .S jargaN .rD fo .tpeD ,rosseforP etaicossA

M dnal dna retaW .tnemeganaseidutS GP rof retneC ,UTV ,aidnI ,akatanraK ,ivagaleB

:liamE moc.oohay@litapsjargan

lanruoJ lanoitanretnI )MREJI( tnemeganaM dnA hcraeseR gnireenignE fo 9432 :NSSI - emuloV ,8502 - eussI ,30 - 6102 enuJ ,60

751 moc.mreji.www