1. California History Kristen Walker 2009-2010 4 th grade

2. The Desert Region

The desert is hot and dry.

3. The major industries are mining and aviation. 4. Many features include Death Valley and Joshua Tree National Parks 5. The Coast Region

In the coast there are dry summers, and wet winters

6. The major cities are Los Angeles, San Francisco, San Diego, and Oakland 7. The major industries are fishing, technology, entertainment, and tourism 8. The Valley Region

The valley has hot summers and cool winters

9. The major industries are agriculture and dairy 10. Bakersfield, Fresno, and Sacramento are three major cities in the valley 11. The Mountain Region

The mountain region's major industries are timber, mining, and tourism

12. The major cities are Ridgecrest and Tahoe 13. They have mild summers and cold winters 14. The California Explorers Kristen Walker 2009-2010 4 th grade 15. Sir Francis Drake

In 1579 Drake sailed north along California's coast.

16. He found a small bay near present-day San Francisco and named the area Nova (new) Albion, Albion was an older name for England 17. Christopher Columbus

Columbus was born in 1451 in Genoa, Italy.

18. He was a sea captain from Italy and decided to sail in the opposite direction of the Indies. He thought it would be a shorter route. 19. Juan Cabrillo

In 1542 spanish explorer Juan Cabrillo sailed north from what is now called Mexico to find a route to Asia.

20. He explored present-day San Diego,Cape San Martin, and San Miguel Island. 21. Hernando Cortes

Hernando Cortes,along with 600 men, 20 horses,and 10 small cannons, conquered the Aztec empire of 5 million people.

22. He claimed Mexico for Spain. 23. Father Serra

Father Serra started the mission in San Diego in1769.

24. The mission introduced many California Indians to Catholicism 25. Gaspar de Portola

In 1767 Spain sent a soldier named Gaspar de Portola to run its California colony.

26. Gaspar led an expedition to explore the area near present-day Monterey. 27. Missions and Presidios (Forts) Kristen 2009-2010 4 thgrade 28. Missions

The missions were to make the Indians Catholic. The Spanish made the Indians work, farm, and made new things.

29. The people who lived in the missions were priests and the Indians. 30. Presidios

The presidios were to keep Russia out of the missions and the Indians in.

31. The people who lived there were the Spanish soldiers. 32. John Sutter

About the same time the Russians were leaving California, new pioneers were arriving. One pioneer was John Sutter.

33. In 1841 he had a for built that became known as Sutter's Fort. 34. Ivan Kuskov and Fort Ross

In 1812 Ivan Kuskov led a group of Russian and native Alaskan fur trappers to a place north of San Francisco.

35. The trappers came to the area to hunt sea otters. Then they built Fort Ross as a trading post. 36. Famous Trappers & Explorers Coming West Kristen Walker 4 thGrade 2009-2010 37. James Beckwourth

James B. led settlers to California and worked with fur traders in the 1820's.

38. He lived with the Crow Indians for about 6 years. 39. John Bidwell

John B. organized thefirst wagon-train of settlers from Independence, Missouri in 1841.

40. He became a leader in agriculture, found gold, and then bought a large ranch north of Sacramento. 41. John Fremont

John C. Fremont made accurate maps of the West for the U.S government and pioneers.

42. He also led troops inCalifornia'sBear Flag revolt. 43. Jedediah Smith

In 1826, Jedediah S. led the first group of American trappers who came overland to California through the Utah and Mojave Deserts.

44. The California Gold Rush Kristen Walker 4 thgrade 2009-2010 45. 49'ers

49'ers were new settlers who came to California during the Gold Rush of 1849.

46. Sam Brannan

When Sam Brannan had heard about the gold, he bought many mining tools. To create excitement and sell his tools, he ran through the streets of SanFranciscoyelling that there was gold!

47. Levi Strauss

Levi Strauss saw that miners needed tough pants to mine for gold. So, he made riveted denim pants.

48. Biddy Mason

Bridget Biddy Mason was born into slavery in about 1818.

49. After her slave owner moved to California, shepetitionedfor her freedom and became asuccessful , free woman. 50. Mary Tape

Mary Tape was a Chinese woman, who lived in San Francisco during the late 1800's.

51. Later, she got upset that her daughter was not allowed to go to public school. So, she argued with the city and later on she sued the city. 52. Bernarda Ruiz

Bernarda Ruiz lived in Santa Barbra during a time Mexico was at war with the United States.

Ruiz wanted a way to end this war, so in 1847, she arranged a peace meeting with both leaders to stop the war.

53. Helen Hunt Jackson

Helen Hunt Jackson was an author who came to California for a visit.

54. When she saw how unfair they were treating the Indians, she wrote a book calledRamona.Her book is still celebrated in our state todayat an annual festival in Hemet. 55. Mexican-American War

A lot of changes were happening in California before the Gold Rush. In the early 1800's part of this land was Mexico's.

56. Some American settlers that were living there, wanted to be an independent republic. Later, in 1846 a small group of Americans started a revolt against Mexico. 57. My Autobiography

I'm Kristen and I'm in Mr. Greenfield's 4 thgrade class. My favorite book is Ginger Pye. I hope you enjoyed my power point on 4 thgrade California history!