c ulture and the individual
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C ulture and the Individual. Culture, Anthropology and Psychology. Disciplines. Anthropology Culture and Personality Psychological Anthropology Psychology Cross-Cultural Psychology Education Interdisciplinary/Multidisciplinary Cultural Psychology. Key Terminology. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
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Culture and
the IndividualCulture, Anthropology and Psychology
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Disciplines
• AnthropologyCulture and PersonalityPsychological Anthropology
• PsychologyCross-Cultural Psychology
• Education
• Interdisciplinary/MultidisciplinaryCultural Psychology
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Key Terminology
• Culture• Personality• Society• Biology• Ecology• Diversity• Universal traits• Culture Specific Traits
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Culture
• Abstract• Learned• Shared• Rules/Standards/Templates• Generating Behavior• Understanding experience
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Culture
Culture is the abstract, learned, shared rules/standards/templates used to generate behavior and to interpret experience.
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Personality
• Characteristics of individuals• Genetics• Socialization• Enculturation• Life experience• Ongoing interaction
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Personality
• Personality is the characteristics of an individual arising from the ongoing interaction of genetics, socialization, enculturation and life experience.
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Society
A group of people using a shared culture
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Biology
• Anatomy• Physiology• Genetics
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Epigenetics
• Epigenetics• Environmental on/off
switches • Regulatory Genes vs Structural Genes• Environmental learning• Imprinting
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Ecology
• Environment• Subsistence strategy• Subsistence technology
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Diversity Terminology
• Race• Ethnicity• Cross Cultural• Cross Ethnic (Multicultural)• Cross National• First, Second, Third World• Developed, Developing• Traditional, Modern• Peripheral, Core
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Race
An arbitrary social category used for purposes of discrimination.
Ethnicity
A group with which one chooses to identify on the basis of shared ancestry or heritage.
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Universal TraitsTraits that all humans have
Culture Specific Traits
Traits that only occur in a particular culture or particular type of culture
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Key Terminology
• Absolutism• Relativism• Ethnocentrism• Cultural Relativism• Reductionist• Determinist
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Absolutism Belief that things are what they are without
regard for their context/environment.
Relativism
Belief that things differ depending on the context/environment in which they are found/grow/develop.
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Ethnocentrism Judging another culture using your own
culture’s rules and standards.
Cultural Relativism
Judging another culture using its own rules and standard’s.
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Reductionist
Trying to explain complex phenomena using single, simple explanations.
Eg. Determinism
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Determinism
•Environmental Determinism
•Economic Determinism
•Ecological Determinism
•Sociopolitical Determinism
•Biological Determinism
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Levels of Analysis
• Population Level• Community• Family• Individual level
• Socialization• Enculturation• Acculturation
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Socialization The process of learning when content is
consciously taught by others within the society.
Enculturation
The process of absorbing the culture(s) in which an individual is raised.
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Acculturation
The process of acquiring a culture other than the one in which an individual was raised.
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Processes in the Individual
• Ontogeny• Perception• Emotion• Cognition• Learning
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Ontogeny The process of growth and development in
an individual organism
Perception
The process of detecting and interpreting stimuli from the outside world
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Emotion The conscious experience of a feeling or
state which leads to both internal and external reactions
Cognition
Thought processes
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Learning
The process of acquiring and storing information