CLOUD COMPUTING

AGENDA

Overview Popular Definitions Deployment Models Delivery Models – IaaS, PaaS, SaaS NoSQL Vendor Lock-in Security Concerns

WHAT IS CLOUD COMPUTING?

CLOUD COMPUTING OVERVIEW

Sharing Resources Abstraction of Software Development Details Scalability High Processing Power Reliability / Availability Pay – as – you – use Peak load performance Simplified maintenance:

CLOUD COMPUTING DEFINITIONS

OSSM 5-3-4

DEFINITION : OSSM

On-demand: the server is already setup and ready to be deployed

Self-service: customer chooses what they want, when they want it

Scalable: customer can choose how much they want and ramp up if necessary

Measureable: there's metering/reporting so you know you are getting what you pay for

DEFINITION : 5 – 3 – 4 5 Basic Characteristics

On-Demand Ubiquity – (irrespective of location, app should be accessible) Location Independent Resource Pooling Elasticity Pay per Use

3 Delivery Models IaaS PaaS SaaS

4 Deployment Models Public Cloud Private Cloud Hybrid Cloud Community Cloud

DEPLOYMENT MODELS

PUBLIC CLOUD

Most standard Cloud Computing Model Same infrastructure/resources are to be used

by other tenants/businesses Vendor makes Hardware/Software available

as services over internet Pay per use pricing model No CAPEX, Only OPEX No wasted resources, pay only for what you

use Examples : Amazon EC2, IBM Blue Cloud,

GAE, Azure

PRIVATE CLOUD

Not truly a cloud High CAPEX Rather, cloud like on-premise infrastructure

with horizontal scalability,availability,etc Or off-shore infrastructure behind a corporate

firewall Maintenance can still be outsourced Concerns of Security are minimized More control over data Examples : Amazon EC2 &S3(Simple Storage

Service)

HYBRID CLOUD

Composition of atleast one Private Cloud and atleast one Public Cloud

All the involved clouds maybe provided by the same or different vendors

Allows scalability of Public Cloud, without exposing sensitive data

Use Case : Archived Data on Public Cloud, Operational Data on

Private Cloud

DELIVERY MODELSIaaS PaaS SaaS

IAAS (INFRASTRUCTURE AS A SERVICE)

IAAS (INFRASTRUCTURE AS A SERVICE)

On Demand Storage & Processing - Computing as a Service

Hardware, its Software, Electricity, Cooling, Connectivity all managed by Vendor

Pay-as-you-go Difference between Shared Hosting v/s Cloud

Infrastructure Flexible

IAAS… (CONTD…)

Provides infrastructure management tools. Vendors : Amazon EC2, Rackspace, etc Tools are available to monitor performance,

peak load conditions, etc Scaling, Monitoring , etc are still a

responsibility of the Service Buyer

HOW TO CHOOSE AN IAAS VENDOR?

Support – Email, Phone, 24 x 7? Hardware, its configuration and Performance Partnership with Middleware Vendors

Eg: Amazon EC2 has partnered with IBM,Microsoft,RedHat, Oracle,etc.

Licensing Windows Licences cannot be migrated from local

data center to Cloud IBM Websphere not available with EC2

PAAS (PLATFORM AS A SERVICE)

PAAS (PLATFORM AS A SERVICE)

A platform to develop applications that can be deployed on the cloud

Framework / Platform is hosted on the Cloud Development language and platform is

vendor decided Infrastructure management by Vendor Scalability and management is provided by

the Vendor No Licensing hassles Vendors: Force.com, Google App Engine,

Microsoft Azure, Heroku Drawback : Vendor Lock in

FORCE.COM :

Very easy to use Web Interface to create a web application

Code generation, compilation, deployment, etc happens on Force.com servers

Also has Eclipse Plugin based development Asks for Force.com credentials Code compilation and deployment happens on

Force.com servers, seamlessly Development in Apex(Dev) and VisualForce (UI) Supports Agile

HEROKU

Development, deployment, scaling Heroku’s Ruby Platform lies on AWS Used by Facebook for scaling and application

development Dev Languages : Ruby on Rails, Java Now acquired by Force.com

GOOGLE APP ENGINE (GAE)

SDK for Java and Python Provides Eclipse Plugin Big Table DataStore Simple App Configuration Automatic Scaling, No performance Tuning is

required Quotas - request count, bandwidth usage, CPU

usage, datastore call count, disk space used, emails sent, even errors!

WINDOWS AZURE

Windows Azure Tools for Visual Studio Technology Stack and Tools :

Azure tools for Visual Studio Azure SDK Visual Web Developer (replacement for Visual

Studio) ASP.NET MVC3 (framework) IIS

WINDOWS AZURE STACK

Windows Azure – Cloud OS as a Service 5 Services – Live Services, SQL Azure,

AppFabric, Sharepoint, Dynamic CRM SQL Azure – Cloud based SQL Server Azure AppFabric – Collection of Services

(Caching,Service Bus,Integration) Azure Platform Alliance (non-MS Datacenters)

AZURE DEVELOPMENT PLATFORM

ASP.NET Framework PHP SDKs for Java and Ruby help integrate with

AppFabric Services

SAAS (SOFTWARE AS A SERVICE)

SAAS (SOFTWARE AS A SERVICE)

Enterprise Application without installation overhead

Applications that are available to be used over the internet

Pay per user Account Scalable to multiple users and tenants Applications like SalesForce.com,

Gmail,Google Apps,etc

DATABASE FOR THE CLOUD

PROBLEMS WITH TRADITIONAL DATABASES FOR CLOUD

Big Data - Big data are datasets that grow so large that they become awkward to work with using on-hand database management tools

Difficulties include capture, storage, search, sharing, analytics, and visualizing of vast data

NOSQL

Can service heavy read/write workloads Usually Avoid Join Operations Scale Horizontally Works well even with cheap commodity

servers Flexible – Schema changes are easy to make Examples : Big Table, Mongo DB, Hadoop,

Cassandra, Amazon SimpleDB

NOSQL - CHALLENGES

Quota limits Max 1000 records per query Query times out in 5 seconds

Maturity – Nascent compared to RDBMS Support – Mostly Open Source. Support

driven by startups with no true global reach Administration – Installation & Maintenance

skill is not easily available Expertise – Not easily unavailable, which is

unacceptable to businesses

VENDOR LOCK-IN

Definition – Stuck with 1 vendor because of complexity to move to another vendor

Scenarios to move out of a Cloud Vendor: Cost Shut Down of Services New choice of Services offered by another Vendor

How to avoid/minimize vendor lock-in chances?

While architecting your app, ensure vendor-specific services are judiciously used

Evaluate Options Check ROI Read about upcoming features/services

VENDOR LOCK-IN

IaaS Less lock-in Data Migration is of moderate difficulty

PaaS Tightly coupled to vendor Migration to another vendor may require re-

engineering the application

SECURITY IN CLOUD COMPUTING

Issues: Data Integrity Recovery Network security Access and Authentication procedures Data encryption techniques Tenant isolation

Most issues are now controlled or resolved Still considered unsafe for Financial data

USE CASES

UNCERTAINTY OF LOAD

Zynga has both Private and Public Cloud services at disposal

New Game launches on Public Cloud When usage is stabilized, then migrated to

Private Cloud

SHORT-TERM USAGE

Seasonal Apps Event Websites OCR to Doc Conversion

NETFLIX

Completely out of Cloud Highly fluctuating usage of large multimedia

data Across different geographical locations Speedy Access

LIMITATIONS

LIMITATIONS OF CLOUD COMPUTING

Connectivity is mandatory Security Skills – Development and Administration Network Bandwidth Not suitable for all businesses