c language material
TRANSCRIPT
-
7/28/2019 C language Material
1/26Afy odrrlotkdfs `lt bl jfdw
-
7/28/2019 C language Material
2/261
ODBW\]L^ ]LOC
Carmwarl tloc _dhtwarl ]loc
App`koatkdfs_ystlb_dhtwarl
@afiuail
IW@Wrdiabbkfi @afiuail {W@}
Kfstruotkdfs
Wrdirabbls
_dhtwarl
DXL^ XKLY
-
7/28/2019 C language Material
3/26
NA_KO MLHKFK]KDF_
Dplratkfi _ystlb 5 Kt ks a slt dh prdirabbls wckoc aot as
af kftlrhaol nltwllf uslr afm carmwarl as wl`` as wckocprdvkmls af lfvkrdfblft td lxloutl tcl uslr odbbafm
D_ ks aotkfi as bafailr hdr ndtc sdhtwarl afm
carmwarl rlsdurols
Waojail 5 Kt ks a prlmlhkflm prdirabbl mlskiflmny sdblndmy l`sl afm uslm ny us
@afiuail 5 Yckoc arl uslm td odbbufkoatl wktc
systlb kfdrmlr td odfstruot tcl prdirabbkfi struoturl
Ycy O ks 4
%Kt suppdrts td mlvl`dp wkml rafil dh prdirabbls
%Mdlsfdt rlqukrl td wrktl `lfitcy prdirabbls hdr sba``
oa`ou`atkdfs
%]cl prdirabbls arl lxloutkfi wktc ckic lhhkoklfoy
%O prdirabbls arl pdrtan`l afm trafspdrtan`l dr baockflkfmlplfmlft
-
7/28/2019 C language Material
4/26
CK_]D^[ DH @AFI\AIL_
%ODND@#ODbbdf Nusskflss Drklftlm @afiuail+ was tcl hkrst
`afiuail kftrdmuolm&]cl fabl ktsl`h suiilsts tcat tcks `afiuail
was hdr nusskflss purpdsl
%%_d tcks ks fdt uslhu` hdr Lfikfllrkfi purpdsl
%HD^]^AF #HD^bu`a ]^AFs`atkdf+ tcks was tcl slodfm `afiuail
ahtlr ODND@ &]cks ks vlry uslhu` kf Lfi&& purpdsls
%%]cks ks fdt uslhu` hdr Nusskflss Wurpdsls
%O&W&@ #Odbbdf Wrdirabbkfi @afiuail+ tcks was tcl `afiuail
tcat was kftrdmuolm td hk`` tcl mrawnaojs dh hkrst twd&]cks ks uslhu`
hdr ndtc nusskflss afm Lfikfllrkfi purpdsls
%%Nut tcks `afiuail rlqukrls a `dt stlps td lxloutl a sba`` wdrj
%N&O&W&@#Nasko Odbbdf Wrdirabbkfi @afiuail+ tcks `afiuail
oaf lxloutl wdrj)s kf vlr` `lss stlps
%%Nut ]cks `afiuail was hdufm fdt td lxloutl tcat lhhlotkvl`y
#kf tlrbs dh spllm+
%N"@afiuail was mlvl`dplm at Nl``s `an afm tcks was hdufm td
satkshy tcl mrawnaojs dh N&O&W&@ afm tcl `lttlr N was tajl hrdb
N&O&W&@
%%Nut tcks was a baockfl mlplfmlft `afiuail#wckoc blafs Kf D`mlfmays tclrl wlrl ? typls dh odbputlr)s Bkfk,Bkord,Bakfhrabl&]cl prdirabbl
mlvl`dplm kf bkfk was hdufm td lxloutl kf bkfk df`y afm sk`kbar+
-
7/28/2019 C language Material
5/26
-
7/28/2019 C language Material
6/26
][WL_ DH @AFI\AIL_
BAOCKFL @AFI\AIL
Asslbn`y `afiuail
CKIC@LXL@ @AFI\AI
]cks ks tcl `afiuailtcat ks ufmlrstddmny baockfl&NkfaryMkikts #7 ( 1+ arluslm kf tcks`afiuail]cks ks a`sd oa``lm as
@dw`lvl` afiuail
Nkfary @afiuail
]cks `afiuailkfo`umls Nkfarymkikts afm lvlfsybnd`s #*," ,%+
]cks ks tcl `afiuailwckoc oaf nlufmlrstddm ny tcl
prdirabblr#a" z,7" ; &!G -&&&&& &+
]^AF_@A]D^
]cl odml wrkttlf uskfickic `v` `afi ks oa``lmsdurol odml
]cl odml wrkttlf
uskfi tcks `afi ksoa``lm dnelot odml
_D\^OL
ODML
DNELO]
ODML
-
7/28/2019 C language Material
7/26
]^AF_@A]D^
]rafs`atdrs arl tcdsl wckoc arl uslm td trafsu`atltcl sdurol odml td dnelot odml #wclrl sdurol odml
ks odml wrkttlf n us kf ck c lvl` af ua l wclrl as
]^AF_@A]D^
KF]L^W^L]L^_ ODBWK@L^_
Kftlrprltlrs arl uslm td
trafsu`atl sdurol odml td
dnelot odml odfslqulft`y
#stlp ny stlp+ &Kh at a``
afy lrrdrs arl doourlm
tcl prdirabbl lxloutkdf
wk`` stdps dvlr tclrl tk`` kt
ks lrrdr hrll
]cl Odbpk`lrs arl uslm td
trafsu`atl sdurol odml td
dnelot odml kf a skfi`l
attlbptkh at a`` afy
lrrdrm arl doourlm tcly
arl ksd`atlm df slplratl
sorllf
-
7/28/2019 C language Material
8/26
1& O"]DJLF_
%A tajlf ks fdtckfi nut tcl sba``lst kfmkvkmua` odbpdflft kf
tcl prdirabbl td ufmlrstafm tcl O"@afiuail wl fllm td
awarl ds tcl hd``dwkfi tdjlfs&
k+ Ocaraotlr slt
kk+ Xarkan`ls
kkk+ Mata typls
kv+ Dplratdrs
v+ Kmlftkhklrs
vk+ Jlywdrms
/Ocaraotlr slt 5
]cl O `afi oaf ufmlrstafm df`y
A_OKK#Ablrkoaf _tafmarm Odml hdr Kfhdrbatkdf Kftlrocafil
Ocaraotlr slt& Ycdsl rafil ks hrdb 7 td >9+
-
7/28/2019 C language Material
9/26
/Xarkan`l 5 A spaol td stdr mata wck`l lxloutkdf dhprdirabbl #_kbp`l mlhkfktkdf+
Kt ks a blbdry a``doatkdf wckoc lfan`ls ydu td
stdrl tcl mata tlbpdrark`y murkfi tcl prdirabbllxloutkdf&Kf afdtclr wdrms a spaol td stdrl mata
_yf50matatypl6 0varkan`l6
//Mata typls 5 Kt rlprlslfts tcl typl dh va`ul s td nl
prlslftlm kf tcl splokhklm blbdlry
Kftlilr#_kiflm Kftlilr+ 5 Kt a``dws ydu td stdrl a fubnlr
wktcdut mlokba`#slqulfol dh mkmikts+
Kt wk`` tajl > nytls dh spaol kf tcl blbdryKts rafil ks "?>983 td ?>989
Kt rlprlslfts wktc .kft.Fdtl 5 Ny mlhau`t Kftlilr ks a skiflm kftlilrLx5 kft stumlftfd: dr skiflm kft stumlftfd:
\fskiflm Kftlilr 5 A``dws ydu td stdrl a fubnlr wktcdut mlokba`Kt wk`` tajl > nytls dh spaol kf blbdryKts rafil ks hrdb 7 td 8
-
7/28/2019 C language Material
10/26
@dfi Kftlilr 5 Kt a``dws ydu td stdrl a fubnlr wktcdut mlokba`Kt wk`` tajl = nytls dh spaolKt ks rlprlslftlm wktc .`dfi kft. wcdsl rafil ks hrdb
">,1=9,=3?,8=3 td >,1=9,=3?,8=9Li : `dft kft d`mna`afol: Xa`uls5
-
7/28/2019 C language Material
11/26
OCA^AO]L^
6Kt ks o`asskhklm kftd twd typls _kiflm Ocaraotlr afm
\fskfilm Ocaraotlr
6Ndtc skiflm afm \fskiflm wk`` tajl 1 nytl spaol kf tcl
blbdry
6^afil dh ufskiflm ocaraotlr ks 7 td >7R: 0" ]cks wk`` stdrl uptd >7ocaraotlrs
-
7/28/2019 C language Material
12/26
Lxolroksl 15
1&Mlo`arl tcl varakn`l td stdrl _tumlft Fabl,Ca`` ]koj Fd,
_ Okty
_d`& ufskiflm kft Ca``]kojltFd:
ocar _FablZ?7R:
ocar _Okty:
>&Mlo`arl tcl varakan`l td stdrl Lbp`dy Fabl,Edn,_a`ary,
matl dh edkfkfi&
_d`& ocar LFablZ?7R:
ocar EdnZ?7R:
`dfi kft sa`ary:
ocar matlZ17R
-
7/28/2019 C language Material
13/26
DWL^A]D^_
Dplratdrs arl tcdsl wckoc arl uslm td plrhdrb tcl
dplratkdf df tcl dplrafts&\sua``y dplratdrs arl dh twd
typls 51+ufary dplratdrs
>+Nkfary Dplratdrs
6Af Dplratdr wckoc ks uslm td plrhdrb tcl dplratkdf df
skfi`l dplraft ks oa``lm as \fary Dplratdr
Lx: S**
6Yclrl as wckoc plrhdrbs tcl dplratkdf dvlr twd dplrafts
arl oa``lm Nkfary Dplratdr
Lx5 S*[
][WL_ DH DWL^A]D^_
A^]CKBL]KO DWL^A]D^^L@A]KDFA@ DWL^A]D^
@DIKOA@ DWL^A]D^
A__KIFBLF] DWL^A]D^
ODFMK]KDFA@ DWL^A]D^
KFO^KBLF] D^ MLO^LBLF] DWL^A]D^
_KUL DH DWL^A]D^
ODBWD\FM DWL^A]D^
-
7/28/2019 C language Material
14/26
DWL^A]KDF BLAFKFI AO]KDF ^L_\@] a2 17 n2 AO]KDF ^L_\@]
#a6n+7 AFM #a6o+7 #a6n+((#a6o+ 7
#n6a+1 AFM #n6o+7 #n6a+((#n6o+ 7
#o6a+1 AFM #o6n+1 #o6a+((#o6n+ 1
a 2 17:n 2>7:o2?7:
LSW1 D^ LSW> AO]KDF ^L_\@]
#a6n+7 D^ #a6o+7 #a6n+` `#a6o+ 7
#n6a+1 D^ #n6o+7 #n6a+` `#n6o+ 1
#o6a+1 D^ #o6n+1 #o6a+` `#o6n+ 1
a 2 17:n 2>7:o2?7:
@DIKOA@ DWL^A]D^ :
26Lfan`ls ydu td wdrj wktc bdrl tcaf dfl odfmktkdf
26AFM,D^,FD] arl @dikoa` Dplratdrs
AFM26 Yclf a`` tcl odfmktkdfs arl trul tclf df`y wl wk`` ilt
trul afm kf a`` dtclr oasls ha`sl
_ybnd` 5" ((
D^ 26 Yclf a`` odfmktkdfs arl ha`sl tclf df`y wl wk`` ilt ha`sldr l`sl trul
_ybnd` 5" ` `
-
7/28/2019 C language Material
17/26
Lxabp`ls5
Oasl 1 5 #a6n+((#a6o+ ` ` #o22o((a!2a+
7 (( 7 ` ` 1 (( 7
7 ` ` 7
7
Oasl> 5 #>*?!2+((#?*>0< ` ` 7 x 2 177: kfktka`
z 2?7#x*y+ kft x2177 "6 varkan`l mlo`lartkdf oub Kfktka`
kft x2y2z2?7 : Bu`tk mlo`lratkdfa` oub kfktka`
-
7/28/2019 C language Material
18/26
Odfmktkdfa` Dplratdr 5 Yckoc wk`` ocloj tcl kfktka` odfmktkdf
kfktka``y&Kh tcl odfmktkdf ks trul kt wk`` lxloutl `dikoa` trul #dr+
Kh tcl odfkmktkdf ks h`asl kt wk`` lxloutl `dikoa` ha`sl`dikoa`
ha`sl&Kt ks a`sd jfdwf as ]lrbkfary Dplratdr
_ybnd` 5" .4 afm 5.
_yf 5 #0odfmktkdf6+4@DIKOA@T]^\L 5 @DIKOA@THA@_L
a217 n25 a2> n2? o:
#a0n+4o2a*n 5 o2a%n: $$kfva`km
o2#a0n+4a*n5a%n: $$ va`km Dutput2
Odbpdfm dplratdrs5
26Kt ks odbnkfatkdf dh ndtc artclbatko afm askkifblft
dplratdrs kt wk`` wdrj skbk`ar wktc artclbatko dplratdrs a`sd
jfdwf as scdrtout dplratdrs&
-
7/28/2019 C language Material
22/26
Kmlftkhklr 5 A varkan`l ks fdtckfi nut spaol td stdrl mata
wclrl as af kmlftkhklr ks fdtckfi nut a fabl ikvlf td a spaol
a`tlrfatkvl`y a`` tcl fabls wckoc arl mlskiflm ny us hdr
prdirabbkfi odfvklfoy
@kbktatkdfs 5
1+Af kmlftkhklr bust nlikf wktc af a`pcanclt
>+Kt `lfitc md fdt lxollm?> ocaraotlrs
?+Kt bay nl kf upplr oasl dr `dwlr oasl dr bkmm`l oasl+Kt bay cavl a sploka` ocaraotlr ks af .T. \fmlrsodrl
Fdtl 5 ]wd odfslqultkvl ufmlrsodrl scdu`m fdt nl uslm&
-
7/28/2019 C language Material
23/26
asb
nrlaj
oasl
omlo`
ocar
odfst
odftkful
mlhau`t
md
mdun`l
l`sl
lfublxtlrf
har
h`dat
hdr
idtd
cuil
kh
kft
kftlrrupt
`dfi
flar
pasksrlikstlr
rlturf
scdrt
skiflm
skzldh
statko
struotswktoclm
typlmlh
ufkdf
ufskiflm
vdkm
vd`atk`l
wck`l
-
7/28/2019 C language Material
24/26
$%odbblft _lotkdf%$Hk`l kfo`uskdfsWrl prdolssdr mkrlotkvlsI`dna` Mlo`aratkdfs
vdkm bakf #+{Z`doa` varkan`lsR
_tatlblft#s+:22222222222}Z0rlturf typl6R 0hufotkdffabl60Z`kst dh ariublftsR6Z`doa` varkan`lsR:statlblft#s+:Zrlturf 0varkan`l$lxp$va`ul6R:
_]^\O]\^L HD^ O"W^DI^ABBKFI
-
7/28/2019 C language Material
25/26
ODBBLF] _LO]KDF 5
26Kf odbblft slotkdf wl oaf wrktl afytckfi rl`atlm td tcl
prdirabbl wl oaf wrktl tcl odbblft slotkdf&26wl oaf wrktl tcl odbblft slotkdf afy wclr kf prdirabbl afm
afy fd&dh tkbls wcatlvlr tcl statlblfts wckoc arl tajlf kf
nltwllf $% afm %$ tcdsl `kfls arl kifdrlm ny tcl odbpk`lr
26odbblft wktkf odbblft ks fdt suppdrtlm kf tcl O"Odbp`klr
HK@L KFO@\_KDF_ 5
26A `knrary ks fdtckfi nut od``lotkdf dh hufotkdfs
26Kf O"@afiuail wl cavl varkls `knrarkls hdr plrhdrbkfi varkdus
dplratkdfs
26wck`l wdrjkfi wktc afy hufotkdf kf prdirabbl kt ks
rlodbblfmlm td usl odrrlspdfmkfi `knrary fabl as a hk`l
kfo`uskdfLx:
O"`afiuail
_tmkd&c Odfkd&c_trkfi&c
prkfth#+ soafh#+ str`lf#+ strupr#+
&&&&&&&&
Lx5 $%]d prkft a bsi%$/kfo`uml 0stmkd&c6
vdkm bakf#+{prkfth#.]cks ks O Fdtls+}
Hk`l Kfo`uskdf
-
7/28/2019 C language Material
26/26
KFW\] AFM D\]W\] H\FO]KDF_ 5
%Kfput hufotkdfs arl uslm td tajl tcl va`uls hrdb kfput mlvkol afmasskif td splokhko varkan`ls
Li5 soafh#+wclrl h stafms hdr hdrbat
%Dutput hufotkdfs arl uslm td rlam tcl va`uls hrdb varkan`ls afmmksp`ay kt df tcl sorllfLi5prkfth#+
wclrl h stafms hdr hdrbat&