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Table of Contents

Comstock Memorial Union Map’ .4

Letter from President5

Letter from Vice President6

Letter from 1999 President of Alumni Foundation 6

Conference Schedule7

Conference Organizers and Subcommittees 8

Conference Sponsors8

Keynote Speaker9

Student Panel Members10

Schedule By Room11

Alphabetical List of Presenters16

Abstracts24

The purpose of the Student Academic Conference is to showcase the work and talent of MSUMstudents through presentations, posters, and creative works at a one day conference held at MSUM inApril annually. All students are encouraged to submit presentation applications. We strive toaccommodate all students who wish to present. The university community, parents, friends,prospective students, alumni, and employers are welcome to attend the conference to witness theexcitement of intellectual exchanges among our students.

This conference exists because of the work of the entire university community, both in terms offinancial and moral support. Supporters include: Strategic Grant Initiatives Fund, Presidents Office,Academic Affairs, Student Affairs, Administrative Affairs, Alumni Foundation, Inter FacultyOrganization, MSUAASF, AFSCME, Student Senate, Campus Activities Board, Student ActivitiesBudget Committee, and Sodexho Marriott.

www. mnstateedu/acadconf

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Letter from the President

Greetings:

I am proud of our students who pursue scholarly and creative excellence.Many of our students become proticient scholars and artists — the thirdannual Minnesota State University Moorhead Student AcademicConference showcases this fact.

Personal interaction between MSU Moorhead students and faculty isinstrumental to student success. This conference culminates the studentwork inspired by the involvement and encouragement of our faculty.Essentially all of the research papers, creative works, group projects, andother student presentations are created under the personal supervision ofan involved faculty mentor.

Presenting one’s work beyond the classroom and in the conferencesetting promotes student growth and development. Those students whoparticipate in the Student Academic Conference experience theintellectual pleasure of presenting to a genuinely interested audience ofother students, faculty, and members of the community. And, they facethe challenge of defending their ideas in a supportive community ofstudent and faculty scholars.

As an audience member, you will encounter our students’ intellectualcuriosity and creativity. You will be presented with a wide array of newideas, fresh approaches, and unique methods for arriving at creativesolutions. I know that you will be impressed with the curiosity and rigor ofour students.

Congratulations to all of you who contribute to the conference as studentparticipants, faculty mentors, conference planners, and supporters.Thank you for your role in continuing Minnesota State UniversityMoorhead’s mission to foster excellence in teaching and learning.

Sincerely,

Roland E. Barden, Ph.D.President

Letter from the Vice President of Academic Affairs

MemorandumThe Student Academic Conference: Bridging the Discipline became a classic event in it’s first year.Looking back on that initial day in April 1999, it is clear why the conference so easily became a part ofMSU Moorhead’s culture. Student learning is our core mission, and nothing could be more appropriatefor us to do than to celebrate student achievements in scholarship, research, and creative activity.

So much attention in recent times has been focused on partnerships and collaborations, It isparticularly important to keep in mind always that the most vital collaboration is the one betweenstudent and teacher. Today, you have the opportunity to learn from the results of so many truly specialpartnerships. The difficulty is the task that is ahead of you - how to choose among the many, manyofferings.

As you move through the sessions, be certain to ask questions of the student presenters. Also,please take a moment or two to thank the faculty mentors, without whom the level of studentaccomplishment you will experience today could never have been achieved.

Bette G. Midgarden, Ph. D.Vice President for Academic Affairs

Letter from the Alumni Foundation

Future AIumn,Congratulations on the second year of an ambitious project to promote academic achievement! Yourparticipation in the Student Academic Conference is testament to the importance our University placeson intellectual and professional development. We celebrate the commitment of Moorhead Statestudents to share knowledge and research.

Tens of thousands of your predecessors are proud to call Moorhead State their alma mater. Ouruniversity’s reputation benefits from the educational rigor and performance that is underscored by yourhard work. Academic excellence is our most important tradition.

Sincerely,

Gary NessPresidentMSU Alumni Foundation

Conference Schedule Wednesday, April 11, 2001

9:30 a.m. Poster Set-Up — CMU Main Lounge

10:30 am. Presenter Registration — CMU Main Lounge

11:20 am. Seating for the Luncheon — CMU Ballroom

11:30 am. Luncheon Starts (Welcome and lntroductions)—CMU BallroomMenu: Grilled Chicken Breast Florentine with Feta Cheese or Green Pepper Stuffed with Lentil & Wild Rice Pilaf

11 50 a m Keynote Speaker — CMU BallroomDr. Paul Spies, Assistant Professor of Secondary Education at St. Cloud State University, St. Cloud, MN and a1989 graduate of MSUM.

12:20 p.m. Student Panelists — CMU BallroomLeah Lindsey Education & Human ServicesPatrick Carpenter, Arts & HumanitiesYannick Dalhouse, Business & IndustryNeal Gamradt, Social & Natural Sciences

1:00 p.m. Presentation Session 1 and Poster Session 1—Various CMU Rooms andPoster Display Area

2:20 p.m. Break

2:30 p.m. Presentation Session 2 and Poster Session 2—Various CMU Rooms andPoster Display Area

3:50 p.m. Closing Social—CMU Main LoungeRefreshments sponsored by Counseling and Career Services. Presenters should attend to pick up theirconference certificate.

Conference Organizers And Steering Committee

ConferenceAdvisor

Dr. Andrew ContehProfessor of Political Science

ConferenceOrganizer

Ryan SylvesterArea Director Residence Life Department

HeatherSkatter

Student Organizer

Steering Committee• Layne Anderson, Assistant Director of Event Services, CMU• Steven Bolduc, Assistant Professor, Economics

• Dr. Konrad Czynski, Associate Professor, Humanities

• Dr. James Harley, Instructor, Music

• Thomas Lane, Assistant Director of Operations, CMU

• Dr. David Olday, Professor, Sociology

• Dr. Dolores Pons-Hervas, Assistant Professor, Languages

• Dr. Joseph Provost, Assistant Professor, Chemistry

• Dr. Hazel Retzlaff, Associate Professor, English

• Dr. Bruce Roberts, Assistant Professor, Anthropology

• Dr. Mark Wallert, Professor, Biology

• Dr. Brian Wisenden, Assistant Professor, Biology

• Dr. Larry Witherell, Assistant Professor, History

If you are interested in being a part of the steering committee for the StudentAcademic Conference next year or are interested in being a student organizer,please send an e-mail expressing your interest to acconf@mnstateedu

JenniferSkatter

Student Organizer

8

Keynote Speaker

Keynote: “Struggling for Re-Education in Our Multicultural Global Society”

Each year an MSUM alumnus is selected to deliver the keynote address to conference attendants. This person is selected by the conference steering committee following a review ofnominations received from members of the MSUM campus community. This years keynotespeaker is:

Dr. Paul SpiesAssistant Professor of Secondary EducationSt. Cloud State University, St. Cloud, MN

Paul Spies, an assistant professor of secondary education at St. CloudState University and a 1989 MSUM alumnus, will deliver the keynoteaddress at Minnesota State University Moorheads Student AcademicConference at 11:50 a.m. Wednesday, April 11 in the student unionballroom.

Spies, who holds a doctorate in curriculum and instruction from theUniversity of Wisconsin-Madison is a specialist in multiculturaleducation and school reform issues. He has nearly a decade’sexperience teaching in urban and suburban high schools where hedeveloped multicultural faculty and student organizations.

He’s also the author of “Interdisciplinary Teams for High Schools”published by Phi Delta Kappa Educational Foundation (1997) FastbackSeries, and is associate editor of ‘Voices from the Field,” the journal ofthe National High School Association.

Spies has been teaching at St. Cloud State for the past two years.Before that he served on the faculty at Viterbo College and theUniversity of Wisconsin-Madison.

Student Panelists

Leah Lindsey, Education & Human ServicesLeah is a senior at MSU Moorhead and is originally from Grafton, ND. She is majoring in SchoolHealth Education and minoring in Community Health Education. This past semester, she wasnamed the Health Education Major of the Year for MSU Moorhead. She says she has had a verypositive experience here on campus over the last four years. She has been involved in StudentOrientation for three years. Being a SOC led her to other activities including STARs (StudentTelecounseling Admissions Representatives) which she is the co-supervisor for the program.Additionally she is a Peer Advisor and this past semester co-taught the First Year Experience(EYE) course with Dr. Andrew Conteh. She has also been involved with the Education MinnesotaStudent Program (EMSP) and also a member of Kappa Delta Pi, an honors society foreducation majors.

Patrick Carpenter, Arts & HumanitiesPatrick’s major is Speech Communication, with emphasis in Professional Communication. Hegrew up in Minot, ND and graduated from Minot High School in 1997. At MSUM, he participatesin Wind Ensemble and P1 Kappa Delta. He has been a captain of the MSUM Speech andDebate team since 1998. He is the secretary of the Association for Communication Enrichment(ACE), and is the coordinator for ACEs powerpoint tutoring lab. Patrick will graduate in May andplans to attend graduate school next fall. His ultimate future goal is teaching and research at thepost-secondary level.

Yanick Daihouse, Business & IndustryYanicks majors are Mass Communications with an emphasis on broadcast journalism andEconomics and is originally from Moorhead, MN. She transferred to MSUM two years ago fromLuther College following a major change from Biology to Mass Communications. She plans topursue a career in television reporting. She currently works as a reporter at our local ABCtelevision station, WDAY Channel 6 News, as well as helps to anchor the morning news on 970News Talk radio. In addition to that she hosts and is associate producer for a live call-in community talk show called Voices of Moorhead, as well as anchors and produces a Half-Time NewsBreak Show.

Neal Gamradt, Social & Natural SciencesNeal’s major is Computer Information Systems originally from Sauk Centre. MN. He has worked on theStudent Technology Team for the last 3 years, a member of the Student Web Server Committee, andcurrently a member of the Web Advisory Board. Some significant projects include assisting with theCollege for Kids program this last summer, where he designed the database and website for the program.He also participated in a MnSCU conference where he helped in a presentation of the FirstLink websitewhich he helped design through a grant. Currently he is interning at Sundog Interactive in Fargo Heplans to do web design when he graduates. Neal isn’t new to the conference as he has participated in theStudent Academic Conference twke as a presenter.

10

SCHEDULE BY ROOM

Numbers next to presentation titles correlate to the Abstracts starting on page 24.

• CMU 101Session 11:00 p.m. 108 Prairie Planting Partnerships: Indoor Germination Experiments1:30 p.m. 91 Discovering Evolution through Population Dynamics

Session 22:30 p.m. 97 Discovering Biology through Hands-On Image Processing

• CMU 121SessIon 11:00 p.m. 123 International Law and Genocide: A Historical Perspective1:20 p.m. 53 Food Manipulation: When is it Genocide?1:40 p.m. 3 lts Not Child’s Play: The Effects of Civil Wars on Children2:00 p.m. 9 International Criminal Tribunal and the Rwandan Genocides

Session 22:30 p.m. 38 Having the Piss Scared Out of Them: Darters Sense Danger by Smelling Each Others Urine2:50 p.m. 40 Can Simple Flatworms Smell Whether Fish Ate Worms for Lunch?3:10 p.m. 11 Prescribed Burn of MSUM Regional Science Center’s Buffalo River Site3:30p.m. 125 SoYouWantATattoo

• CMU 200ASession 11:00 p.m. 86 You Never Thought Negatives Could Be So Fun!1:30p.m. 87 Insane Integers

Session 22:30 p.m. 145 Social Work Practice with a Refugee2:50 p.m. 146 Happiness: Prohibited; Impenetrable Barriers in Friels Translations3:10 p.m. 147 The Suppression of Hope: Irish Anti-Nationalist Themes in W. B. Yeats’ Cathleen Ni Houlihan

• CMU200FSession 11:00 p.m. 84 The Plus and Negative of Integers1:30 p.m. 85 Mathematics on Both Sides of the 0’

CMU 203Session 11:00 p.m. 67 Life as a Foreigner in Taiwan1:20 p.m. 69 Traditional versus Nontraditional Gender Stereotypical Perceptions About Magazine Advertisements:What is Attractive?1:40 p.m. 99 The Effects of Physically Violent Video Games on Males2:00 p.m. 110 Does Lack of MSUM Parking Cause Frustration and/or Erratic Driving

Session 22:30 p.m. 28 Lysophosphatidic Acid and Phenylephrine Alter the Kinetic Characterishcs of NHE1 in CCL39 Cells2:50 p m 29 PLCb is an Essential Intermediate in the Phenylephrine Stimulated Activaflon of NHE1 and ERK nChinese Hamster Lung Cells3:10 p m 30 Gwz High Expression Vector Provides Superior Transfection Efficiency and Protem Expression mChinese Hamster Lung Cells3:30 p m 7 Regulation of Microtubule Assembly by MAPK Acbvty

11

• CMU 204Session 11:00 p.m. 31 Parties and Interest Groups in the 2000 Election1:45 p.m. 22 Issues in Terrorism in the 21st Century

Session 22:30 p.m. 141 African Higher Education System2:50p.m. 127 Building the $10000 Home Studio

• CMLJ 205Session I1:00 p.m. 90 Georgetown University High School Bioethics Curriculum1:30 p.m. 92 Leopold Education Project Curriculum2:00 p.m. 93 Aquatic Wild Curriculum

Session 22:30 p.m. 89 BioWeb Search3:00 p.m. 95 Effective Use of Chemical Demonstrations in the Classroom

• CMU 207Session 11:00 p.m. 32 Production of American Steel: A Regression Study1:20 p.m. 44 Determining Optimum Rents1:40 p.m. 49 Internet Sales Tax2:00 p.m. 83 Predicting Energy Consumption in Moorhead, MN

Session 22:30 p.m. 63 Coverage of Women’s Sports in the Media2:50 p.m. 64 Economic Impact of Sports Facilities3:10 p.m. 54 Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy3:30 p.m. 66 Service Learning Benefits Faculty

• CMU 208Session 11:00 p.m. 120 Positive & Practical Affects of Theatre for Anyones Everyday Life1:20 p.m. 124 Creative Writing1:40 p.m. 25 Cohabitation2:00p.m. 131 U2Saving Rock?

Session 22:30 p.m. 20 Improving Tax Education in the University Curriculum2:50 p.m. 52 Academic Service Learning Across Disciplines

• CMU 214Session 11:00 p.m. 118 Measuring the Return to Work Decisions of New Mothers1:40 p.m. 24 Target Market Social Movement Analysis2:00 p.m. 135 Drug Rehabilitation Center Study

SessIon 22:30 p.m. 137 Derivation of NHL Attendance2:50 p.m. 136 Last Call: Is the Fargo/Moorhead Restaurant Industry too Saturated3:10 p.m. 81 Measuring the Demand for Internet Usage3:30 pm. 82 Analysis on the Effects of Monetary Policy

12

• CMU 216Session 11:00 p.m. 18 Sports et Divertissements: A Compilation of Art, Literature, and Music1:20 p.m. 100 How the Emotional Coping Mechanisms are Affected by Individuals Who are Living with Cancer1:40 p.m. 102 A Prairie Home Companion at MSUM: Poetry and Music from ED 310

Session 22:30 p.m. 19 The Fiction of the Seeing Eye in Conrad’s Heart of Darkness2:50 p.m. 109 Panel Discussion of Irish Literature

• CMU 218Session 11:00 p.m. 116 Analysis of Sick Leave Policy1:20 p.m. 114 Implementation of a Campus One Card Program1:40 p.m. 113 Burnout in Human Service Agencies2:00 p.m. 115 Clean-Up Week Impact and Alternatives

Session 22:30 p.m. 121 Mao’s Great Famine: Causes and Consequences2:50 p.m. 56 Russian and Finnish Relations: Yesterday and Today3:10 p.m. 71 Japanese Influence in Taiwan3:30 p.m. 122 South of the Clouds: Experiences in Yunnan, China Spring 2000

• CMU 227Session 11:00 p.m. 12 Women in Economics, Discrimination or Choice1:20 p.m. 55 Emily Dickinson: Transcending Gender and Her Father1:40 p.m. 23 Women in Literature

Session 22:30 p.m. 46 A Critical Look at Web Information2:50 p.m. 117 Effects of College Experience and Word List Relation on Short and Long Term Memory3:10 p.m. 96 BSCS - The Human Genome Project: Biology, Computers and Privacy Kise Line “D’

• Kise Line “D”Session 11:00 p.m. 88 NIH Curriculum2:00 p.m. 94 Neuroscience Laboratory and Classroom Activities

Session 22:30 p.m. 138 Translating Friel’s Historical Approach2:50 p.m. 139 Cathleen Ni Houlihan and Riders to the Sea: Blending Nationalistic Sympathies with Artistic Visions3:10 p.m. 140 Lady Gregory’s Contributions to the Irish Cultural Renaissance3:30 p.m. 142 Similarities in the Lives and Art of Emily Dickinson and Vincent Van Gogh Poster Area

• UndergroundSession 11:00 p.m. 60 A Screenplay entitled Pot Holes”1:20 p.m. 39 Nic Fit1:40 p.m. 62 Theatre Through the Ages

Session 22:30 p.m. 16 A Clarification of Birth Order Effects on Juvenile Delinquency2:50 p.m. 101 Student Drinking and Law Enforcement3:10p.m. 107 MSUM’s China Tour 20003:30 p.m. 77 Using a Geographic Information System to Address the “Selfish Herd Hypothesis in Gunnisons

Prairie Dogs

13

• Poster SessionsThe presentations in the main lounge, balcony, and in the second level corridors are poster presentations. The posters will beon display in these areas throughout the day for conference attendees to review. Each poster has been assigned a session tobe available for questions. Posters will be organized in numerical order.

Session 1 — 1:00 p.m.

1 Problems and Potentials of Developing Nations: A Kenyan Case Study

4 Close

6 Who Wants to Study a Millionaire

13 The Fundamental Structure of Programming

14 Comparison of Lists Implementation

15 A Thinking Game: Two and One

17 The Effect of Emotional Context in a Stroop-Like Task

21 Seeing Beneath the Surface: Exploring the Historic Past with Geophysical Technology

26 SCAN Test Results from the MSUM Central Auditory Processing Disorders Clinic

33 Odor-Induced Strike Behavior by Game Fish

35 Walleye Survival School: A Tool to Enhance Minnesotas Walleye Resource

36 Comparative Analysis of Wash Effectiveness at Reducing Colony Forming Units on Produce

37 Dark Matter in Spiral Galaxies

41 Magazine Advertisements and Their Effect on Women

43 The Effects of Mood on Reaction Times of Females and Males

51 Requirement of ERK 1/2 for NHE1 Activation by G-Protein Coupled Receptor Agonists

57 Personality Traits in Relation to Helping Behavior

59 Fetal Alcohol Syndrome: An Assessment of Physical, Behavioral and Communications Characteristics

61 Huntingtons Disease: Dysarthria and Social-Emotional Issues

65 Archaeological Applications of Ground Penetrating Radar

68 Quality Assessment of Magnetic Resonance Images and Variations of Image Quality Over Time

72 Is photosynthetic electron transport linked to activation of pyruvate,orthophosphate dikinase (PPDK) in chloroplasts ofplants possessing the C3 photosynthetic pathway?

74 The Effects of Radiation on DNA: The Role of Spin Labels on Radical Damage

75 EPR Studies of Cardiac Muscle of Hypertensive and Normotensive Rats

80 Towards a Greater Understanding of Catalysis in Water

103 Cell Cycle Coordinated Mitochondrial Dynamics

105 Parent Child Communication

106 Finding the Past in the 21st Century

111 Preoccupation of Death

112 Party Patrol and Student Drinking Behavior

119 ProteinProtein Interactions of Citrate Synthase & Malate Dehydrogenase

126 Embarrassability in Cultural Context: Difference Between US. and Japan

128 Our Endangered Past: Preserving Cultural Heritage through Archaeology

129 Archaeology of the Myers Site: 21 NR62

133 al Adrenergic Receptor Activation

143 Cognitive Defects Associated with Closed Head Injury

144 The Tritone Paradox: Confidence Ratings among Swedish Bilingual Listeners

Session 2—2:30 pm.

2 Factors Involved in Punishment and Reward Rationales

5 The Tritone Paradox as Perceived by Korean Listeners

8 Developing Cell Motility Assays to Investigate the Role of Myosin in Cell Movement

10 Circular-Flow Diagram in Market Economy

27 Stealthy Sniffing: Behaviorally Augmented Olfaction in Risk Assessment

34 Cross-Curriculum Learning to Meet Minnesota Graduation Standards

42 Aspergers Disorder: Differential Diagnosis, Social Behaviors and Effects on Educational Learning45 Photojournalism Gallery

47 Synthesis of a Boron Containing Neuclocide for Boron Newtron Capture Theory

48 Expression and Identification of Pyruvate, Orthophosphate Dikinase Regulatory Protein for Sequencing50 Infant Hearing Screening: Early Identification, Policy and Audiometric Procedures

58 Hypotonia in Down Syndrome and its Affect on Oral Motor Function and Articulation

70 Effects of ionizing radiation on DNA: The role of spermine on radiation damage

73 Evolution of the C4 photosynthetic pathway from C3 plants: The non-photosynthetic C3 ancestral form of the C4 photosynthetic pathway enzyme, pyruvate,orthophosphate dikinase, is also light regulated in leaves of C3 plants76 Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Transactivation is Necessary for the Stimulation of Extracellular Signal-RegulatedKinase

78 Factors Influencing Successful Turkey (Meleagris gallopavo) Reintroduction in Minnesota: A Literature Review79 A Research Proposal: Movements and Habitat Use by Female Painted Turtles (Chrysemys picta) in Western Minnesota98 Ontogeny of Chemically Mediated Antipredator Behavior by Convict cichlids

104 Prader-Willi Syndrome: Behavior, Communication, Observation

132 Empirical Formula of Soluble Metal-Ammonia Complexes

134 A Study of Attitudes in an Adult Stutterer: Beliefs, Anxiety, and Behavior

15

Alphabetical List Of Presenters

Numbers correlate to the Abstracts starting on page 24.

# Name Title Room Time

97 Vian Abdulhakim Discovering Biology through Hands-On Image Processing CMU 101 2:30 p.m.

98 Shireen Alemadi Ontogeny of Chemically Mediated Antipredator Behavior Poster Area 2:30 p.m.by Convict Cichlids

88 Sarah Anderson NIH Curriculum Kise Line “D” 1:00 p.m.

62 Michael Aspinwall Theatre Through the Ages Underground 1:40 p.m.

62 Darcy Bakkegard Theatre Through the Ages Underground 1:40 p.m.

6 Sonia Balliet Who Wants to Study a Millionaire Poster Area 1:00 p.m.

128 Melissa Baltus Our Endangered Past: Preserving Cultural Heritage Poster Area 1:00 p.m.through Archaeology

129 Theresa Barket Archaeology of the Myers Site: 21 NR62 Poster Area 1:00 p.m.

85 Karolyn Bates Mathematics on Both Sides of the 0 CMU 200F 1:30 p.m.

134 Karen Bauer A Study of Attitudes in an Adult Stutterer: Beliefs, Anxiety, Poster Area 2:30 p.m.and Behavior

108 Tanya Becker Prairie Planting Partnerships: Indoor Germination Experiments CMU 101 1:00 p.m.

84 Michele Becker The Plus and Negative of Integers CMU 200F 1:00 p.m.

132 Holly Beimdiek Empirical Formula of Soluble Metal-Ammonia Complexes Poster Area 2:30 p.m.

25 Amy Bellefeville Cohabitation CMU 208 1:40 p.m.

31 Nicole Bergeron Parties and Interest Groups in the 2000 Election CMU 204 1:00 p.m.

22 Nicole Bergeron Issues in Terrorism in the 21st Century CMU 204 1:45 p.m.

102 Andy Beyer A Prairie Home Companion at MSUM: Poetry and Music CMU 216 1:40 p.m.from ED 310

43 Isabella Breitling The Effects of Mood on Reaction Times of Females and Males Poster Area 1:00 p.m.

9 Jill Brendemuhl International Criminal Tribunal and the Rwandan Genocides CMU 121 2:00 p.m.

137 Bryan Brenden Derivation of NHL Attendance CMU 214 2:30 p.m.

8 Dr. Ellen Brisch Developing Cell Motility Assays to Investigate the Role of Poster Area 2:30 p.m.Myosin in Cell Movement

57 Ariane Broadland Personality Traits in Relation to Helping Behavior Poster Area 1:00 p.m.

42 Anne Burgard Aspergers Disorder: Differential Diagnosis, Social Poster Area 2:30 p.m.Behaviors and Effects on Educational Learning

142 Adam Bursack Similarities in the Lives and Art of Emily Dickinson and Kise Line D’ 3:30 p.m.Vincent Van Gogh

129 Shane Butler Archaeology of the Myers Site: 21 NR62 Poster Area 1:00 p.m.

114 Jeff Cadwell Implementation of a Campus One Card Program CMU 218 1:20 p.m.

52 Melissa Carver Academic Service Learning Across Disciplines CMU 208 2:50 p.m.

1 7 Arthur Chewakin The Effect of Emotional Context in a Stroop-Like Task Poster Area 1:00 p.m.

146 Dave Christensen Happiness: Prohibited; Impenetrable Barriers in CMU 200A 2:50 p.m.Friels Translations

136 Toby Christianson Last Call: Is the Fargo/Moorhead Restaurant Industry CMU 214 2:50 p.m.

28 Genny Clausen Lysophosphatidic Acid and Phenylephrine Alter the Kinetic CMU 203 2:30 p.m.Characteristics of NHE1 in CCL39 Cells

102 Pam Coon A Prairie Home Companion at MSUM: Poetry and CMU 216 1:40 p.m.

16


107 Amanda Craven

99 Patty Dahley

2 Trisha Daigle

53 Casey Decker

62 Melissa Deutsch

73 Sharon Dittmer

91 Eric Dobervich

45 Davina Doris

101 Laura Eckroth

3 Heather Ehrichs

11 Jeffrey Erickson

34 Timothy Erickson

26 Amy Fagerlie

75 Jill Greenley

85 Angie Greer

102 Dr. Steven Grineski

42 Cone Gronso

101 Shelly Grothen

112 Amy Gruenhagen

36 Kristine Hakes

MSUM’s China Tour 2000

The Effects of Physically Violent Video Games on Males

Factors Involved in Punishment and Reward Rationales

Food Manipulation: When is it Genocide?

Theatre Through the Ages

Evolution of the C4 photosynthetic pathway from C3 plants:The non-photosynthetic C3 ancestral form of the C4photosynthetic pathway enzyme, pyruvate,orthophosphatedikinase, is also light regulated in leaves of C3 plants

Discovering Evolution through Population Dynamics

Photojournalism Gallery

Student Drinking and Law Enforcement

Its Not Child’s Play: The Effects of Civil Wars on Children

Prescribed Burn of MSUM Regional Science Center’sBuffalo River Site

Cross-Curriculum Learning to Meet MinnesotaGraduation Standards

SCAN Test Results from the MSUM Central AuditoryProcessing Disorders Clinic


Archaeological Applications of Ground Penetrating Radar

Developing Cell Motility Assays to Investigate the Role ofMyosin in Cell Movement

Fetal Alcohol Syndrome: An Assessment of Physical,Behavioral and Communications Characteristics

Party Patrol and Student Drinking Behavior

BioWeb Search

Requirement of ERK 1/2 for NHE1 Activation by G-ProteinCoupled Receptor Agonists

Finding the Past in the 21st Century

Translating Friers Historical Approach

The Effects of Physically Violent Video Games on Males

Analysis on the Effects of Monetary Policy

Measuring the Demand for Internet Usage

Can Simple Flatworms Smell Whether Fish Ate Wormsfor Lunch?

EPR Studies of Cardiac Muscle of Hypertensive andNormotensive Rats

Mathematics on Both Sides of the 0’

A Prairie Home Companion at MSUM: Poetry and Musicfrom ED 310

Aspergers Disorder: Differential Diagnosis, Social Behaviorsand Effects on Educational Learning



Comparative Analysis of Wash Effectiveness at ReducingCo!onyForming Units on Produce

Underground

CMU 203

Poster Area

CMU 121

Underground

Poster Area

CMU 101

Poster Area

Underground

CMU 121

3:10 p.m.

1:40 p.m.

2:30 p.m.

1:20 p.m.

1:40 p.m.

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1:30 p.m.

2:30 p.m.

2:50 p.m.

1:40 p.m.

101

65

8

Ann Ficek

Aaron Fogel

Kelsey Foldesi

CMU 121 3:10 p.m.

Poster Area 2:30 p.m.

59 Heather Ford

Poster Area

Underground

Poster Area

1:00 p.m.

2:50 p.m.

1:00 p.m.

112

89

51

106

138

99

82

81

40


Susan Fowler

Shawn Frieler

Melanie Funfar

Julie Gallagher

Kristin Garaas

Bethany Geifre

Mike Gesellchen

Lori Gieselman

Jill Greenley

Poster Area

Poster Area

CMU 205

Poster Area

Poster Area

Kise Line ‘D”

CMU 203

CMU 214

CMU 214

1:00 p.m.

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2:30 p.m.

1:00 p.m.

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2:30 p.m.

1:40 p.m.

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3:10 p.m.

CMU 121 2:50 p.m.

Poster Area

CMU 200F

1:00 p.m.

1:30 p.m.

CMU 216 1:40 p.m.

Poster Area

Underground

Poster Area

2:30 p.m.

2:50 p.m.

1:00 p.m.


17


45 Ryan Hamner Photojournalism Gallery Poster Area 2:30 p.m.

47 Lisa Hansen Synthesis of a Boron Containing Neuclocide for BoronNewtron Capture Theory Poster Area 2:30 p.m.

52 Dr. Lynn Harter Academic Service Learning Across Disciplines CMU 208 2:50 p.m.

61 Traci Haus Huntington’s Disease: Dysarthria and Social-Emotional Issues Poster Area 1:00 p.m.

21 Jennifer Hawkinson Seeing Beneath the Surface: Exploring the Historic Past withGeophysical Technology Poster Area 1:00 p.m.

125 Amy Heeren So You WantATattoo CMU 121 3:30 p.m.

58 Shannon Heglund Hypotonia in Down Syndrome and its Affect on Oral MotorFunction and Articulation Poster Area 2:30 p.m.

112 Erica Heitmann Party Patrol and Student Drinking Behavior Poster Area 1:00 p.m.

36 Lori Heitzman Comparative Analysis of Wash Effectiveness atReducing Colony Forming Units on Produce Poster Area 1:00 p.m.

111 Marissa Heley Preoccupation of Death Poster Area 1:00 p.m.

52 Judy Hendrickson Academic Service Learning Across Disciplines CMU 208 2:50 p.m.

50 Robyn Hennessy Infant Hearing Screening: Early Identification, Policy andAudiometric Procedures Poster Area 2:30 p.m.

102 Karl Henningson A Prairie Home Companion at MSUM: Poetry and Musicfrom ED 310 CMU 216 1:40 p.m.

25 Ursula Hermanson Cohabitation CMU 208 1:40 p.m.

39 Samuel Heyn Nic Fit Underground 1:20 p.m.

101 Ann Higdem Student Drinking and Law Enforcement Underground 2:50 p.m.

87 Angie Hodge Insane Integers CMU 200A 1:30 p.m.

110 Ronda Hoff Does Lack of MSUM Parking Cause Frustration and/orErratic Driving CMU 203 2:00 p.m.

8 Damian Holznagel Developing Cell Motility Assays to Investigate the Role ofMyosin in Cell Movement Poster Area 2:30 p.m.

36 Damian Holznagel Comparative Analysis of Wash Effectiveness at ReducingColony-Forming Units on Produce Poster Area 1:00 p.m.

68 Matthew Holzwarth Quality Assessment of Magnetic Resonance Images andVariations of Image Quality Over Time Poster Area 1:00 p.m.

67 Brandi Hoppenrath Life as a Foreigner in Taiwan CMU 203 1:00 p.m.71 Brandi Hoppenrath Japanese Influence in Taiwan CMU 218 3:10 p.m.

1 04 Melissa Homer Prader-Willi Syndrome: Behavior, Communication, Observation Poster Area 2:30 p.m.

139 Dean Hulse Cathleen Ni Houlihan and Riders to the Sea: BlendingNationalistic Sympathies with Artistic Visions Kise Line D 2:50 p.m.

40 Aaron Hutcheson Can Simple Flatworms Smell Whether Fish Ate Wormsfor Lunch? CMU 121 2:50 p.m.

109 Kathryn Hutter Panel Discussion of Irish Literature CMU 216 2:50 p.m.69 Teresa mholte Traditional versus Nontraditional Gender Stereotypical

Perceptions About Magazine Advertisements:What is Attractive? CMU 203 1:20 p.m.

125 Elizabeth Jacobs So You WantATattoo CMU 121 3:30 p.m.70 Jody Jacobson Effects of ionizing radiation on DNA: The role of spermine

on radiation damage Poster Area 2:30 p.m.74 Jody Jacobson The Effects of Radiation on DNA: The Role of Spin

Labels on Radical Damage Poster Area 1:00 p.m.140 Bob Jensen Lady Gregons Contnbutions to tCe irish Cultural Renaasance Kise Line D 310 n.m.

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37 Sara Jarolimek Dark Matter in Spiral Galaxies Poster Area 1:00 p.m.

117 Mark S. Jesinoski Effects of College Experience and Word List Relation onShort and Long Term Memory CMU 227 2:50 p.m.

109 Jessica Johnson Panel Discussion of Irish Literature CMU 216 2:50 p.m.

47 Michelle Johnson Synthesis of a Boron Containing Neuclocide for BoronNewtron Capture Theory Poster Area 2:30 p.m.

101 Chris Johnson Student Drinking and Law Enforcement Underground 2:50 p.m.

78 Elizabeth Johnson Factors Influencing Successful Turkey (Meleagris gallopavo)Reintroduction in Minnesota: A Literature Review Poster Area 2:30 p.m.

135 Jeremy Johnson Drug Rehabilitation Center Study CMU 214 2:00 p.m.

20 Holly Jorud Improving Tax Education in the University Curriculum CMU 208 2:30 p.m.

23 Kilee Kadrie Women in Literature CMU 227 1:40 p.m.

23 Carol Kahle Women in Literature CMU 227 1:40 p.m.

109 Carol Kahle Panel Discussion of Irish Literature CMU 216 2:50 p.m.

112 Norma Kallstrom Party Patrol and Student Drinking Behavior Poster Area 1:00 p.m.

90 Joan Karels Georgetown University High School Bioethics Curriculum CMU 205 1:00 p.m.

1 Chris Kauffman Problems and Potentials of Developing Nations:A Kenyan Case Study Poster Area 1:00 p.m.

124 Jade Kendall Creative Writing CMU 208 1:20 p.m.

46 Lisa Klaudt A Critical Look at Web Information CMU 227 2:30 p.m.

80 Justin Klitzke Towards a Greater Understanding of Catalysis in Water Poster Area 1:00 p.m.

19 Leslie Knudson The Fiction of the Seeing Eye in Conrad’s Heart of Darkness CMU 216 2:30 p.m.

10 Iryna Kolodchak Circular-Flow Diagram in Market Economy Poster Area 2:30 p.m.

91 Jason Krumwiede Discovering Evolution through Population Dynamics CMU 101 1:30 p.m.

133 Rebecca Kuehn 1 Adrenergic Receptor Activation Poster Area 1:00 p.m.

23 Deb Kvittum Women in Literature CMU 227 1:40 p.m.

84 Marilyn Labrensz The Plus and Negative of Integers CMU 200F 1:00 p.m.

97 Zoe Lamm Discovering Biology through Hands-On Image Processing CMU 101 2:30 p.m.

62 Rachelle Larson Theatre Through the Ages Underground 1:40 p.m.

134 Christina Lawyer A Study of Attitudes in an Adult Stutterer: Beliefs, Anxiety,and Behavior Poster Area 2:30 p.m.

63 Kristin Leadbetter Coverage of Women’s Sports in the Media CMU 207 2:30 p.m.

110 Melissa Lee Does Lack of MSUM Parking Cause Frustration and/orErratic Driving CMU 203 2:00 p.m.

100 Amber Lehn How the Emotional Coping Mechanisms are Affected byIndividuals Who are Living with Cancer CMU 216 1:20 p.m.

144 Fredrik Leinfelt The Tritone Paradox: Confidence Ratings amongSwedish Bilingual Listeners Poster Area 1:00 p.m.

40 Tammy Lien Can Simple Flatworms Smell Whether Fish Ate Wormsfor Lunch? CMU 121 2:50 p.m.

48 Larry Louisiana Expression and Identification of Pyruvate, OrthophosphateDikinase Regulatory Protein for Sequencing Poster Area 2:30 p.m.

128 Kelsey Lowe Our Endangered Past: Preserving Cultural Heritagethrough Archaeology Poster Area 1:00 p.m.

1 September Luitjens Problems and Potentials of Developing Nations:A Kenyan Case Study Poster Area 1:00 p.m.

19


61 Leanne Lundeen

16 John Lyon

55 Anna Martin

48 Rebecca Mastel

52 Ben Mattson

110 Kelli McCarthy

143 Sara McCaslin

76 Andrew McCoy

77 Daniel McEwen

129 Elizabeth Melland

30 Alison Metcalf

38 Ashley Middleton

Phyllis Morgan

Kristopher Mortenson

Joe Mullins

45 Asaimi Nagurno

92 Matthew Nelson

66 Barbara Nelson

112 Shonda Nettestad

14 Chin Git NG

1 3 Chin Git NG

1 5 Chin Git Ng

97 Morgan Niedringhaus

27 Oscar Noriega

50 Laura Nyhus

Jerod Ochsendorf

Jennifer Olson

Ann Marie Onesti

Huntingtons Disease: Dysarthria and Social-Emotional Issues

A Clarification of Birth Order Effects on Juvenile Delinquency

Emily Dickinson: Transcending Gender and Her Father

Expression and Identification of Pyruvate. OrthophosphateDikinase Regulatory Protein for Sequencing

Academic Service Learning Across Disciplines

Does Lack of MSUM Parking Cause Frustration and/orErratic Driving

Cognitive Defects Associated with Closed Head Injury

Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Transactivation isNecessary for the Stimulation of ExtracellularSignal-Regulated Kinase

Using a Geographic Information System to Addressthe Selfish Herd Hypothesis in Gunnisons Prairie Dogs

Archaeology of the Myers Site: 21 NR62

Gwiz High Expression Vector Provides SuperiorTransfection Efficiency and Protein Expression inChinese Hamster Lung Cells

Having the Piss Scared Out of Them: Darters SenseDanger by Smelling Each Others Urine

The Tritone Paradox as Perceived by Korean Listeners

Close

Magazine Advertisements and Their Effect on Women


Parent Child Communication

Gwiz High Expression Vector Provides Superior TransfectionEfficiency and Protein Expression in Chinese HamsterLung Cells

Theatre Through the Ages

Cell Cycle Coordinated Mitochondrial Dynamics

Stealthy Sniffing: Behaviorally Augmented Olfaction inRisk Assessment

Photojournalism Gallery

Leopold Education Project Curriculum

Service Learning Benefits Faculty


Comparison of Lists Implementation

The Fundamental Structure of Programming

A Thinking Game: Two and One

Discovering Biology through Hands-On Image Processing

Stealthy Sniffing: Behaviorally Augmented Olfaction inRisk Assessment

Infant Hearing Screening: Early Identification. Policy andAudiometric Procedures

Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy

You Never Thought Neaahves Could Be So FunI

Burnout n Human Service Agencies


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Kara Miller

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Olivia Mohs

Laura Monfrooe

Kristi Moos

Brad Moran

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20

# Name TitleRoom Time

7 Zulmarie Ortiz

57 Holly Oster

12 CoriOtto

35 TonyaOverbo

58 Erica Paulsen

105 Kirsten Razzone

31 Michelle Redepenning

141 Michael Redlinger

60 Krista Reiner

74 Katie Rice

52 Katie Richardson

119 Shanna Rix

All Simmons

Candace Simmons

Sean Simpson

Rachael Smith

Regulation of Microtubule Assembly by MAPK ActivityPersonality Traits in Relation to Helping BehaviorWomen in Economics, Discrimination or ChoiceWalleye Survival School: A Tool to Enhance MinnesotasWalleye Resource

Hypotonia in Down Syndrome and its Affect on OralMotor Function and

Effective Use of Chemical Demonstrations in the ClassroomIssues in Terrorism in the 21st CenturyParties and Interest Groups in the 2000 ElectionClean-Up Week Impact and AlternativesIssues in Terrorism in the 21st CenturyMaos Great Famine; Causes and ConsequencesSouth of the Clouds; Experiences in Yunnan, China Spring 2000International Law and Genocide: A Historical PerspectiveCognitive Defects Associated with Closed Head InjuryEvolution of the C4 photosynthetic pathway from C3 plants:The non-photosynthetic C3 ancestral form of the C4photosynthetic pathway enzyme, pyruvate,orthophosphatedikinase, is also light regulated in leaves of C3 plantsParent Child Communication

Parties and Interest Groups in the 2000 ElectionAfrican Higher Education System

A Screenplay entitled ‘Pot Holes

The Effects of Radiation on DNA: The Role of SpinLabels on Radical Damage

Academic Service Learning Across DisciplinesProtein-Protein Interactions of Citrate Synthase &Malate Dehydrogenase

Determining Optimum Rents

MSUM’s China Tour 2000

Academic Service Learning Across DisciplinesWaileye Survival School: A Tool to EnhanceMinnesota’s Walleye Resource

U2 Saving Rock?

You Never Thought Negatives Could Be So Fun!nalysis of Sick Leave Policy

PLCb is an Essential Intermediate in the PhenylephrineStimulated Activation of NHE1 and ERK in ChineseHamster Lung Cells

Academic Service Learning Across DisciplinesMeasuring the Return to Work Decisions of New MothersThe Effects of Physically Violent Video Games on MalesPLCb is an Essential Intermediate in the PhenylephrineStimulated Activation of NHE1 and ERK in ChineseHamster Lung Cells

CMU 203

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95

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Chris Petersen

Brianne Peterson

Brianne Peterson

Eric Peterson

Sarah Phillips

Sarah Phillips

Sarah Phillips

Sarah Phillips

Tone Post

Christa Randklev

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Susan Rose

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Jamie Schwenn

Krista Shaw

Cheryl Sick

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108 Susan Sorenson

94 Susan Sorenson

11 Brandy Spitzer

1 28 Brandy Stearns

100 Alissa Stein

Jamie Stollenwerk

Breann Stoltz

Mary Suomala

Fumi Suzuki

52 Leslie Swanson

96 Dean Swenson

36 Aaron Sykes

41 Amy Tangen

87 Janice Terfehr

33 Travis Thiel

111 Paula Thieschafer

79 Deanna Thompson

64 Roy Thomsen

28 Hillary Thronson

100 Ten Tolk

108 Holly Triska

147 Melissa Trout

7 Melissa Tuseth

102 Pat Tweeter

26 Susan VanCamp

18 Jessica Varone

88 Angela Varriano

99 Casandra

119 Julie Vogel

73 Julie Vogel

Prairie Planting Partnerships: Indoor Germination Experiments

Neuroscience Laboratory and Classroom Activities

Prescribed Burn of MSUM Regional Science CentersBuffalo River Site

Our Endangered Past: Preserving Cultural Heritagethrough Archaeology

How the Emotional Coping Mechanisms are Affectedby Individuals Who are Living with Cancer

Preoccupation of Death

1 Adrenergic Receptor Activation

Russian and Finnish Relations: Yesterday and Today

Embarrassability in Cultural Context: Difference BetweenU.S. and Japan


BSCS - The Human Genome Project: Biology. Computersand Privacy

Comparative Analysis of Wash Effectiveness atReducing-Colony Forming Units on Produce

Magazine Advertisements and Their Effect on Women

Insane Integers

Odor-Induced Strike Behavior by Game Fish


A Research Proposal: Movements and Habitat Use by FemalePainted Turtles (Chtysemys picta) in Western Minnesota

Economic Impact of Sports Facilities

Lysophosphatidic Acid and Phenylephrine Alter the KineticCharacteristics of NHE1 in CCL39 Cells

How the Emotional Coping Mechanisms are Affected byIndividuals Who are Living with Cancer

Prairie Planting Partnerships: Indoor Germination Experiments

The Suppression of Hope: Irish Anti-Nationalist Themes inW.B. Yeats’ Cathleen Ni Houlihan

Regulation of Microtubule Assembly by MAPK Activity


SCAN Test Results from the MSUM Central AuditoryProcessing Disorders Clinic

Sports et Divertissements: A Compilation of Art, Literature,and Music

NIH Curriculum

Vigesaa-Disse The Effects of Physically Violent Video Gameson Males

Protein-Protein Interactions of Citrate Synthase & MalateDehydrogenase

Evolution of the C4 photosynthetic pathway from C3 plants:The non-photosynthetic C3 ancestral formof the C4photosynthetic pathway enzyme. pyruvateorthophosphatedikinase, s also ight regulated n leaves of C3 plants

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22

# Name TitleRoom Time

104 Marti Volk

76 Justin Voog

72 Adam Vossen

22 Mike Welken

32 Kaila Wells

120 Emily Wendell

Sara Wiederholt

Heidi Williams

Mistte Wingenbach

Monica Winter

48 Eric Winter

Tammie Yak

Dana Young

Rhonda Zacharias

78 Candice Zemlicka

Prader-Willi Syndrome: Behavior, Communication, ObservationEpidermal Growth Factor Receptor Transactivation isNecessary for the Stimulation of Extracellular Signal-RegulatedKinase

Is photosynthetic electron transport linked to activation ofpyruvate,orthophosphate dikinase (PPDK) in chloroplasts ofplants possessing the C3 photosynthetic pathway?Target Market Social Movement AnalysisAcademic Service Learning Across DisciplinesPredicting Energy Consumption in Moorhead, MNBuilding the $10,000 Home StudioHow the Emotional Coping Mechanisms are Affected byIndividuals Who are Living with CancerIssues in Terrorism in the 21st CenturyProduction of American Steel: A Regression StudyPositive & Practical Affects of Theatre for Anyone’sEveryday Life


Towards a Greater Understanding of Catalysis in WaterInternet Sales Tax


Expression and Identification of Pyruvate, OrthophosphateDikinase Regulatory Protein for SequencingSocial Work Practice with a RefugeeAquatic Wild Curriculum

Fetal Alcohol Syndrome: An Assessment of Physical,Behavioral and Communications CharacteristicsFactors Influencing Successful Turkey (Meleagris gallopavo)Reintroduction in Minnesota: A Literature Review

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Valerie Waldock

Meghan Watkin

Lisa Watkins

Troy Weber

Katy Wefel


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Abstracts

1Title: Problems and Potentials of Developing Nations: AKenyan Case StudyPresenter(s): September Luitjens, Chris KauffmanDepartment: Anthropology & Earth ScienceAdvisor: Dr. Bruce RobertsAbstract: Developing nations around the world face a numberof difficulties in the process of development. Poverty.unavailable health care, stressed education systems, genderinequalities, and especially instability in the government faceall developing nations. Many brave people give their lives tohelp the establishment of their independent nation. Lastsummer we were part of a study-tour of the Republic of Kenya.We will attempt to take these issues and bring them off of thetelevision and books to the MSUM campus. We will show thepeople working and striving to have a happy life for themselves,their families, and their communities.

2Title: Factors Involved in Punishment and Reward RationalesPresenter(s): Trisha DaigleDepartment: PsychologyAdvisor: Dr. Ernest HallfordAbstract: This study examined punishment and rewardrationales for criminal versus meritorious behaviors of astranger versus a friend. There was no effect for social relation,but retribution was rated highest for the crime and promotinggood will was highest for the meritorious behavior.

3Title: Its Not Child’s Play: The Effects of Civil Wars on ChildrenPresenter(s): Heather EhrichsDepartment: HumanitiesAdvisor: Dr. Konrad CzynskiAbstract: Although the majority of the American people havenever personally observed the horrors of warfare, our historyshares a common bond with those nation-states currentlysuffering from ongoing conflicts. This bond is the damagedone to children who have been exposed to the wars adultscreate. The goal of this paper is to give the voices of childrenwho suffered in conflicts (past and present) an opportunity toexpress the need for peace in the near future.

With this paper, I examine how children are psychologically,physically and socially affected when their environment issaturated with violent conflicts. In doing so I offer a comparisonbetween the affects war had on the lives of five children wholived during the American Civil War and a few who the UNchildren’s organization, UNICEF, interviewed in 1996 study. Theparallels of these accounts proves that it is not the society orthe country that results in this anguish but the institution of waritself.

By connecting the American Civil War with those wars stillbeing waged. it is my goal to instill in the reader that thedamage that was done to children during our own Civil War isstill very much a reality. The numbers of children who arecurrently suffering in other countries far exceed those whosuffered during the American Civil War. I show the rise of childparticipation in these conflicts and the drop in current minimumage requirements for active child participation in violent conflict.

The last point that is used to show a need for peace in thispaper is the length of time that these conflicts are allowed to goon without resolution. The American Civil War lasted five yearsless than current ongoing conflicts and resulted in a peace thatstrengthened the nation-state. Peace is the only way to assurethat children of the future are no longer exposed to the warsthat surround them. The longer we, as members of theinternational community, allow these conflicts to be fought,more children will suffer the irreversible damage caused bywar.

4Title: ClosePresenter(s): Kara MillerDepartment: ArtAdvisor: Dr. Donald ClarkAbstract: I would like to display a conglomeration of originalphotographs. The collection displays personal style and aglimpse at the experimentation within black & whitephotography processes.

5Title: The Tritone Paradox as Perceived by Korean ListenersPresenter(s): Kara MillerDepartment: PsychologyAdvisor: Dr. Magdalene ChalikiaAbstract: A pattern of octave-complex tones, with the tonesrelated by a tritone interval, is heard as descending orascending, on the basis of an individual pitch class template.Results of Twenty Korean bilingual listeners presented withtritone stimuli will be compared with those of Americanmonolingual listeners.

24

6Title: Who Wants to Study a MillionairePresenter(s): Sonia Balliet. TaShana Huson-Snyder,Elizabeth NawrotDepartment: PsychologyAdvisor: Dr. Elizabeth NawrotAbstract: Paralinguistic cues in the television program ‘WhoWants to be a Millionaire?” were studied. Study 1 investigatedthe host’s tone of voice, It was hypothesized that subjects coulduse information from voice alone to guess the correct answerto a question more often than predicted by chance. Resultsshowed that subjects were no better than chance at usingvisual and auditory cues. Study 2 investigated the nature of thehost’s prompting behavior. It was hypothesized that the longerthe delay between a contestant’s first response to a questionand the host’s reply, the more likely that the host would promptthe contestant to change their answer. It was found that themean delay associated with prompts to keep a response wassignificantly shorter than the mean delay associated withprompts to change a response. The conclusion is thatparalinguistic cues are available and could potentially affectcontestants’ behavior.

7Title: Regulation of Microtubule Assembly by MAPK ActivityPresenter(s): Zulmarie Ortiz, Melissa TusethDepartment: BiologyAdvisor: Dr. Ellen BrischAbstract: Microtubules (MTs) are an important cytoskeletalelement found in most eukaryotic cells. In dividing cells, MTsform the mitotic spindle which rapidly and accuratelysegregates the replicated chromosomes to the opposite sidesof the dividing cell. How cells control the assembly of themitotic spindle has intrigued biologists for many years. Thestudy of mitotic spindle assembly is a critical area of cancerresearch. Cells that are unable to segregate DNA into newcells will fail to divide. Thus identifying mechanisms or targetsthat regulate microtubule assembly may provide us with newstrategies for halting division in cancerous cells. Sea urchineggs are an excellent model system in which to study spindleassembly. Eggs are easily obtained from mature female seaurchins. These eggs provide an excellent source of cleanprotein suitable for microtubule protein preparations. Seaurchin eggs can be fertilized in vitro and will assemble intofunctioning mitotic spindles.

The regulation of microtubule assembly is currently thought tobe controlled by the protein phosphorylationldephosphorylationof Microtubule Associated Proteins (MAPs). These proteinsbind to, copurity with and stabilize MTs. When MAPs becomephosphorylated they loose their affinity for MTs, fall off and theMT shrinks. Thus MAPs can modulate the assembly!disassembly of MTs. Previous work has identified 44kD and 48kD microtubule copurifying proteins as potentialphosphorylation targets. The molecular weights of theseproteins are suggestive of MAP Kinase (Mitogen ActivatedProtein) members. These family members, also called ERKs(Extracellular Receptor Kinases) play important roles in growthand mitogenic (potential cancer causing> pathwayslmrnunoblot analysis of sea urchin microtubule protein fromour lab indicates that MAPK family members do wideed purifywth MTs Ou goal is t determine hoiv these MAP Kinasefamily members regulate cell division and spindle assembly.

8Title: Developing Cell Motility Assays to Investigate the Role ofMyosin in Cell MovementPresenter(s): Dr. Ellen Brisch, Damian Holznagel, KelseyFoldseyDepartment: BiologyAdvisor: Dr. Ellen BrischAbstract: Cell movement is an essential process requiredthroughout our lives. Embryonic cells must move and positionthemselves correctly; this insures that we develop with correctbody parts in correct places. White blood cells movethroughout our system to monitor for and remove infectiousagents. Fibroblast and other cells move about in order to healour wounds. Cell movement also facilitates the spread ofcancer cells. Thus understanding how cells move is a key areaof cell biology. Dictyostelium discoideum has emerged as anexcellent model system for studying cell movement. Theseslime mold cells exist as free-living amoebae during times ofplentiful nutrition. When food supplies decline, thousands ofthese individual amoebaes move towards a central cell, jointogether and eventually produce spores that are then able towithstand rigorous periods of drought and starvation.

Cell movement requires the coordinated sliding of actinfilaments by myosin motor proteins. We are interested inidentifying how myosin motor proteins function in cellmovement. Our approach is to use directed gene deletiontechniques in order to remove myosin genes from wild typeDictostelium cells. We are performing these gene deletions bytransforming the pDTb9R vector (kindly provided by MargaretTitus. UMTC) into Dictostelium cells. In order to evaluate thesetransfected cells we are developing a series of cell motilityassays. These include phytotaxis, chemotaxis and Cell Tracker(Molecular Probes) CMFDA staining. By comparing our myosinmutant cells with wild type cells we hope to gain anunderstanding of how myosin plays a role in coordinating cellmovement.

2a

9 12Title: International Criminal Tribunal and the RwandanGenocidesPresenter(s): Jill BrendemuhlDepartment: HistoryAdvisor: Dr. Dieter BerningerAbstract: This paper is a study of the Rwandan Genocide andthe creation of the International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda. Itbegins with looking at the history of Rwanda and its politicalissues which include the Tutsi and the Hutu peoples. In theearly 1900’s Rwanda was a colony of Germany and wasplaced under Belgian jurisdiction in 1919. Initially the Tutsiminority were the power holders in Rwanda, and then in 1959the Rwandan government was taken over by the Hutu majoritywho in turn oppressed the Tutsi. The machete genocide thenbegan on April 6. 1994 when president Habyarimana waskilled in a plane crash. This 100-day genocide is one of theshortest genocides in history but 800,000 Tutsi and Hutumoderates were violently murdered. In July 1994 the genocidecame to a temporary halt. Then on December 8, 1994 the ICTRwas created to bring justice to the Tutsi people that had beenvictimized. Today. the ICTR is still working on bringing theaccused to trial.

10Title: Circular-Flow Diagram in Market Economy

4 Presenter(s): Iryna KolodchakDepartment: EconomicsAdvisor: Dr. Oscar FloresAbstract: (No Abstract Submitted)

11Title: Prescribed Burn of MSUM Regional Science Center’sBuffalo River SitePresenter(s): Brandy Spitzer, Jeffrey EricksonDepartment: Regional Science CenterAdvisor: Tony BormannAbstract: The MSUM Regional Science Center completed aprescribed burn this past faIl 2001 with the help of MSUMPrinciples of Ecology and Evolution and Wildlife Ecologystudents. We will highlight prescribed burn technique andtheory, and fire behavior We will share our experiences inparticipating in the prescribed burn and how it has benefited usas Life Science Education majors at MSUM.

Fire is an essential dynamic in maintaining prairie ecosystemdiversity Fire eliminates invading brush and trees and reducesthe number of nonnative weeds. thus favoring theregeneration of native grassland species. In addition, firereduces dense, dead vegetative cover, exposing the soil tosunlight and nutrients. Finally, fire converts dead, dry plantmaterial to ash, returning nutrients to the soil. In the past.natural tires maintained prairie diversity, but today humansmust participate in prescribed burns to preserve the prairie’sunique structure and dversitv.

Title: Women in Economics, Discrimination or ChoicePresenter(s): Con Otto

I Department: EconomicsAdvisor: Dr. Vernon DobisAbstract: In this presentation, I will discuss the absence ofwomen in the academic field of economics. I will focus onwhether this absence is due to discrimination in the field or if itis due to the choices women make at both the undergraduatelevel and the graduate level.

13Title: The Fundamental Structure of ProgrammingPresenter(s): Chin Git NGDepartment: Computer Science and Information SystemsAdvisor: Dr. Michael HaugrudAbstract: My presentation will focus on the three basic

components of programming: sequence, selection anditeration.

14Title: Comparison of Lists ImplementationPresenter(s): Chin Git NGDepartment: Computer Science and Information SystemsAdvisor: Dr. Daniel BrekkeAbstract: I will introduce the data structure of Array-Based List,Singly Linked Lists, Doubly Linked Lists and Circular LinkedLists (Singly and Doubly).

15Title: A Thinking Game: Two and OnePresenter(s): Chin Git NgDepartment:Advisor: Dr. NG Geok LianAbstract: In this presentation, I will demonstrate how to playTwo and One chess game.

16Title: A Clarification of Birth Order Effects on JuvenileDelinquencyPresenter(s): John LyonDepartment: Social WorkAdvisor: Dr Shawn GintherAbstract: The research on Birth Order and JuvenileDelinquency is mixed. Some of the research links delinquencywith first borns, others with later borns. Similar results havebeen seen in the study of Extroversion and birth order. A closeanalysis of the data showed that the operational definition ofExtroversion caused the confusion. Similarly with delinquencythere is a difference between a youth assaulting and injuringanother and a youth engaging in recreational drugs withfriends. The first is an act of aggression or assertiveness ahrst born trait. The second s an act of cooperation andsociability. a i.ater corn trait. Therefore am hypothesizng that ifwe test for orth order effects on crimes ranked either high n

an assertiveness aggressveness scale or nigh on asociability groip actvity scaie we will see clear effects.

17Title: The Effect of Emotional Context in a Stroop-Like TaskPresenter(s): Arthur ChewakinDepartment: PsychologyAdvisor: Dr. Ernest HallfordAbstract: The Stroop Effect proposes that when a literateindividual attempts to selectively attend to the color of the ink inwhich a color-word is portrayed rather than the word itself. thendividual becomes psychologically confused (Sternberg1999; cf.. MacLeod, 1991). In this study, the basic format of theStroop Effect was applied with the exception that words versusXs were used instead of the traditional color descriptive words.Furthermore, the backgrounds on which the words were castdepicted scenes of a gruesome accident, a smiling youngchild, or a neutral white background.

It is usually thought that the Stroop task is largely automatic,hence it should be independent of emotional effects. However,phobic participants in a Stroop-like task in which phobia-related words were used had significantly slower responsetimes to phobia versus neutral words (MacLeod, 1991).Nevertheless, it is unclear whether similar effects would existin the general population. Moreover, the well-known perceptualdefense’ phenomenon suggests that the general population issensitive to some aspects of emotionality in a cognitive task.Thus one purpose of the present experiment was to examinethis issue further.

The foregoing types of research have mainly focused onverbally based materials, thus it is not clear whether similareffects would appear when emotionality is varied in thebackground rather than in the words themselves. Certainlyvisual stimuli are usually far more compelling than verbalHence, an emotionally charged background shouldsignificantly hinder participant’s RT. However, it’s not clearwhether negative versus positive backgrounds would differ intheir effects, although it seems reasonable based on theforegoing verbal tasks to expect that negative would beslowest.

Procedure: Thirty-seven undergraduate students participated inexchange for course credit. Two repetitions (sixteen actualwords versus X’s) of three backgrounds (negative, positive,neutral) were shown. Each participant was asked to name thecolor of ink in which a sequential group of words or X’s wereprinted.

Results and Conclusions: It’s commonly found RT for theActual Word condition was significantly slower than X’s, F(1,36) = 44,279, p = .000. More importantly, type of backgroundalso significantly affected RT, F(2, 27) = 28,793, p = .000. Thenegative background was considerably slower (Mean 9.5 sec)than were the other two backgrounds in each condition, 8.75sec for positive and 8.2 sec for neutral. Clearly emotionallycharged backgrounds, strictly speaking, disrupt participant’sefforts to selectively maintain attention in a Stroop-like task.

18Title: Sports et Divertissements: A Compilation of Art.Literature, and MusicPresenter(s): Jessica VaroneDepartment: MusicAdvisor: Dr. Eric HungAbstract: By examining Erik Satie’s collection of twenty-onepiano miniatures entitled, Sports et Divertissements, I willexplain the important contributions Satie has made to theinterrelation of the arts as a whole. This work is perhaps thebest example of Satie’s unusual, yet innovative, compilations ofart, music, and prose. Beginning with his participation in theanti-impressionist movement of the time, I will trace theintegration of art into his musical works, specifically as itapplies to Sports et Divertissements. This will include a briefhistory of his relations with various artists and writers and theirinfluence on his composition. I will explore similarities of hismusic to the artistic styles of the early twentieth century, as wellas trace his literary interests as they relate to his compositions.Questions I hope to answer include: What are Satie’s views ofartistic movements of his time, and what is Satie’s ultimategoal in forming such a collage of artistry into one piece ofmusic?

19Title: The Fiction of the Seeing Eye in Conrad’s Heart ofDarknessPresenter(s): Leslie KnudscnDepartment: EnglishAdvisor: Dr. Padmaja ChallakereAbstract: “The Fiction of the Seeing Eye in Conrad’s Heart ofDarkness” examines and explores the narrative authority ofMarlow in Joseph Conrad’s Heart of Darkness. The limitationsof Marlow as narrator arise from his vantage point embeddedin English ideals which consequently, largely ignores theAfrican perspective. The paper also examines the forms of evilthat Marlow witnesses in the Europeans and his reactions totheir behavior. Marlow represents the phenomenon of “seeingversus truth” in which objectivity is impossible as the storybecomes filtered through the eyes of the seer.

20Title: Improving Tax Education in the University CurriculumPresenter(s): Holly JorudDepartment: AccountingAdvisor: Dr. Mary BaderAbstract: This presentation addresses the environment of taxlaw and how its numerous changes affect student’s ability toacquire basic tax information in university introductory taxclasses. It proposes that universities should considerrestructuring these introductory tax classes into two semestersand suggests a curriculum for these classes. This conclusionis reached through an assessment of personal experiences,the changing tax law, and opinions of students and employers.

21Title: Seeing Beneath the Surface: Exploring the Historic Pastwith Geophysical TechnologyPresenter(s): Jennifer HawkinsonDepartment: Anthropology & Earth SciencesAdvisor: Dr. Rinita DalanAbstract: Geophysical technology can be applied inarchaeological investigations to provide a picture of subsurfacedeposits. A prototype magnetic susceptibility logger designedfor archaeological application provides a relatively non-invasivemeans for identifying and exploring buried sites and culturaldeposits. After field-testing at an Early Plains Archaic site, thisinstrument was used at a historic site in northwesternMinnesota where it successfully identified areas of artifactconcentration and soil transition.

22Title: Issues in Terrorism in the 21st Century

..J Presenter(s): Sarah Phillips, Brianne Peterson,Nicole Bergeron, Mike WelkenDepartment: Political ScienceAdvisor: Dr. Andrew ContehAbstract: Sarah Philips, Nicole Bergeron, BriannePeterson and Mike Welken will discuss terrorism issues of thetwenty-tirst century. The group will focus primarily on terrorismin national liberation movements, and the use of biological andchemical weapons.

23Title: Women in LiteraturePresenter(s): Kilee Kadrie, Carol Kahle, Deb KviffumDepartment: EnglishAdvisor: Dr. Hazel RetzlaffAbstract: We will present four papers examining women inAmerican literature. Charisse Cobler’s “Male Domination FromAfar,” represents the treatment of women in the Victorian Age bycomparing the works of Henry James’ Turn of the Screw andCharlotte Gilman’s “The Yellow Wall-Paper.” Kilee Kadries“Society Strangles Them Off: Women’s Descent into Madness,”observes societal structures failing the women in CharlottePerkins Gilman’s “The Yellow Wall-Paper” and Kate M. Cleary’s“Feet of Clay,” and ultimately causing their mental ruin. In“Nuns, Liberation, and Negation,” Carol Kahle examines theonsequences of renunciation in the private and public lives oftwo women, one in a New England village, the other in themidst of the Mexican revolution. Deb Kviffum’s paper, “EmilyDickinson: The Limitations of Science and Religion,” exploreshow Dickinson goes beyond the boundaries of women’straditional themes into areas usually reserved for men,concluding that both science and religion fall short ofadequately explaining the human condition.

24Title: Target Market Social Movement AnalysisPresenter(s): Valerie WaldockDepartment: Speech & TheatreAdvisor: Dr. Timothy BorchersAbstract: The project that I am submitting to the Student

Academic Conference is a social movement theory that Ideveloped explaining how top down social movements usepersuasion. Through research, I found that although there is awealth of literature about social movements, there are notheories to explain how top down social movements usepersuasion. In light of this I analyzed the mobilization processof Target Market, a youth movement that is working to combatthe influence of big tobacco on youth. In my study I defineTarget Market as a top down social movement, discussmobilization strategies used by Target Market, and drawimplications of the study.

25Title: CohabitationPresenter(s): Amy Bellefeville, Ursula HermansonDepartment: Speech & TheatreAdvisor: Dr. Scott TitsworthAbstract: (No Abstract Submitted)

26Title: SCAN Test Results from the MSUM Central AuditoryProcessing Disorders ClinicPresenter(s): Susan VanCamp, Amy FagerlieDepartment: Speech/Language/Hearing SciencesAdvisor: Dr. Louis DeMaioAbstract: We will define the normal development and skills ofauditory processing. We plan to look at ten subjects’ SCAN testresults to detect the deficiencies in their auditory processingabilities. We will graph the results of our findings. Our purposeis to review how subjects’ tested in the Minnesota StateUniversity Moorhead Central Auditory Processing Disordersclinic compare to the normed population.

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27Title: Stealthy Sniffing: Behaviorally Augmented Olfaction inRisk AssessmentPresenter(s): Joe Mullins, Oscar NoriegaDepartment: BiologyAdvisor: Dr. Brian WisendenAbstract: Predation is the grim reaper of natural selection. Inaquatic environments, prey use chemical cues to detect andavoid predators. Chemical assessment requires watermovement past the chemoreceptors in the external nares(nose) of fish. Because movement attracts predators. prey arepresented with a behavioral conflict when assessing predationrisk: how to assess predation risk without attracting thepredators attention. In this experiment we measured twodifferent strategies used by fish to increase their awareness ofchemical cues without gross motor movement. Darters live onthe bottom, In response to risk they arch their noses into thewater column to better access chemical information in themain flow. Characins, which typically reside in the watercolumn, cease all movement and hover in the water columnand engage in ‘fin flicking’. This behavior fans water past theirnose while keeping the body stationary. It is hypothesized thatthese strategies help prey species assess risk withoutsignificantly increasing their risk to predation.

28Title: Lysophosphatidic Acid and Phenylephrine Alter theKinetic Characteristics of NHE1 in CCL39 CellsPresenter(s): Hillary Thronson, Genny Clausen.Department: BiologyAdvisor: Dr. Mark WallertAbstract: The Na+-H+ exchanger isoform 1 (NHE1) regulateschanges in intracellular pH (pHi) in various cell types. Theexchanger is activated in two ways, by increases in theintracellular H+ concentration (and thereby decreasing pHi), orby the activation of intracellular signaling pathways byhormones and neurotransmitters. NHEI in Chinese hamsterlung cells (CCL39) is activated in a dose-dependent mannerby two agonists: phenylephrine (PE) and lysophosphatidic acid(LPA). NHE1 activation is analyzed using changes in pHi theaddition of an agonist. Addition of 100mM PE causes a pHiincrease of 0.12 +7- 0.03 units, while addition of 100mM LPAleads to an alkalization of 0.42 +1- 0.05 pHi units. To establishwhether PE and LPA similarly alter the kinetic characteristics ofNHE1, the pHi-dependence of the transporter was measuredfor p1-li values ranging from 6.5 to 7.0. First, buffer capacity wasmeasured over the aforementioned pHi range. Significantvariation was discovered. The buffer capacity at pHi 6.5 was30.1 mmol H+ I liter cell water, and the buffer capacity at pHi 7,0was 60.4 mmol H+ / liter cell water. Second the rate from anintracellular acid load was measured in the presence andabsence of an agonist. Both PE and LPA caused a shift in thepHi-dependence of NHE1 transporter in the alkaline direction.This is indicative of an alteration in the H+-sensing region ofthe transporter.

29Title: PLCb is an Essential Intermediate in the PhenylephrineStimulated Activation of NHE1 and ERK in Chinese HamsterLung CellsPresenter(s): Cheryl Sick, Rachael SmithDepartment: Biology & ChemistryAdvisor: Dr. Mark WallertAbstract: Activation of the Na+ - H+ Exchanger (NHE1) inChinese Hamster lung cells (CCL39) has been linked to avariety of hormones, growth factors, and oncogenes.Lysophosphatidic acid (LPA), acting through a G protein linkedreceptor, has been shown to stimulate NHE1 activity. Another 0protein linked receptor found to cause activation of NHE1 is theal-adrenergic receptor. When phenylephrine (PE), a specifical-adrenergic agonist, is added to CCL39 cells. NHE1 isactivated. Traditionally the al-adrenergic receptor functions atleast in part through the action of phospholipase Cb (PLCb). Todetermine the role of PLCb in Erk and NHE activation, three celllines were studied. CCL39 cells served as wild type cells,while 2A-4b and D1-9b cells served as the PLCb deficient celllines. In CCL39 cells, addition of 100 lJM PE caused anincrease in steady-state pHi of 0.12 +1- 0.03 pH units. 100 nMphorbol myristate-acetate (PMA) similarly increased pHi 0.15 +7- 0.03. In the presence of amiloride, agonist addition causedno increase in pHi. Increase in pHi is thus attributed to theactivation of NHE1. In the 2A-4b cells, 100 pM PE additioncaused a pHi increase of only 0.04 +1- 0.02 pH units, while PMAremained at 0.12 +1- 0.02 pH units. The D1-9b cells showed asimilar pHi increase of 0.05 +1- 0.02 pH units upon 100 pM PEaddition, and a PMA increase of 0.13 +1- 0.03 pH units. Similarresults were obtained in parallel studies, showing PMAstimulated Erk to the same levels in all three cell lines, whilePE activation of Erk was dramatically decreased in the 2A-4band D1-9b cells. These data strongly support a PLCBdependent pathway in which PE activates Erk and NHE1.

30Title: Gwiz High Expression Vector Provides Superior

Transfection Efficiency and Protein Expression in Chinese

Hamster Lung CellsPresenter(s): Alison Metcalf, Brad Moran

Department: Biology & ChemistryAdvisor: Dr. Mark WallertAbstract: The ability to alter the genetic makeup of

mammalian cells has become one of the centerpieces of

biomedical research and the biotechnology industry. A variety of

methods are employed to insert DNA, RNA and proteins into

cells. One common mechanism is to use a mixture of cationic

and neutral lipids to transfer DNA across the plasma

membrane. These cationic lipid mediated transfection

methods currently yield the highest transfection efficiency

obtainable in eukaryotic cells. This project investigated the

ability of the Gwiz High Expression Vector to insert the gene for

green fluorescent protein (GFP) and cause the protein to be

expressed at high levels in Chinese hamster lung cells.

Fugene-6 was used as the lipid transfection reagent. Initially.

we optimized the transfection of Gwiz GFP using Fugene-6 by

testing various quantities of DNA, ratio of transfection reagent

to DNA, and the presence or absence of serum and antibiotics.

Optimal transfection occurred using 7.5 pg of DNA with a 3:2

ratio of Fugene-6 to Gwiz GFP and no serum or antibiotics

present. Under these conditions nearly 60% of cells in the

culture expressed GFP within 48 hours. Next we compared the

transfection efficiency and protein expression of Gwiz GFP to

another commercially available transfection reagent. Gwiz GFP

had a transfection efficiency of nearly 60% while the

competitors DNA vector only obtained 10% transfection

efficiency. This was accompanied by a dramatic increase in

protein expression.

31Title: Parties and Interest Groups in the 2000 Election

Presenter(s): Nicole Bergeron, Michelle Redepenning,

Brianne PetersonDepartment: Political ScienceAdvisor: Dr. Barbara HeadrickAbstract: Nicole Bergeron, Brianne Peterson, and Michelle

Redepenning will discuss the various roles that political

parties and interest groups played in the 2000 election. Dr.

Barbara Headrick will mediate the discussion.

32Title: Production of American Steel: A Regression Study

Presenter(s): Kaila Wells

\ Department: EconomicsAdvisor: Dr. Oscar FloresAbstract: This paper is a regression study of the production of

American integrated steel. It starts with an historical look at the

markets of U.S. steel for the past century and how changes in

the economy have affected production. The regression

equation is meant to predict the effect the markets of steel (like

automobiles) and outside factors (imports, energy prices) have

on US. production. The study also includes tests on the

significance of the regression and conclusions of the paper.

33Title: Odor-Induced Strike Behavior by Game Fish

Presenter(s): Travis ThielDepartment: BiologyAdvisor: Dr. Brian WisendenAbstract: Fish use smell to find food, avoid predators and in

courtship and spawning. We tested if minnow chemical alarm

cues are more effective in attracting predators (pike. walleye,

bass) than alarm cues of a tropical fish, or no alarm cues at all.

We used wind-powered ice fishing tip-ups baited with a small

jig lure and a small block of sponge. Sponges were soaked in

either skin extract of fathead minnows Pimephales promelas,

convict cichlids (Cichiasoma (Archocentrus) nigrofasciatum a

tropical fish) or water (to control for the scent of the sponge and

the absence of any injured fish cues). We recorded the number

of times the tip-up flag was released for each sponge type. We

found that tip-ups baited with minnow scent received

significantly more visits than either cichlid scent or water. The

data indicate that smell influences a predators decision to

attack a lure, and that minnow cues are significantly more likely

to induce an attack than general cues released from an injured

fish. These findings support predictions from alarm signaling

theory and may lead to the development of a commercial

attractant for the fishing industry.

34Title: Cross-Curriculum Learning to Meet MinnesotaGraduation StandardsPresenter(s): Timothy EricksonDepartment: MathematicsAdvisor: Dr. Tim HarmsAbstract: Minnesota Graduation Standards require students

to demonstrate knowledge through practical application and

presentation of related material. In poster format, I will present

abbreviated lesson plans that can be used in mid-level

mathematics classes as well as industrial arts classes. The

resulting student projects will meet Mid-level (grades 6-8)

Content High Standards in three areas. These areas are

Mathematical Applications-Space, Shape and Measurement;

Applied Scientific Methods-Physical Systems; and Inquiry-

Controlled Experiments.

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35 37Title: Walleye Survival School: A Tool to Enhance MinnesotasWalleye ResourcePresenter(s): Mariya Rzaszutak, Tonya OverboDepartment: BiologyAdvisor: Dr. Brian WisendenAbstract: Many aquatic animals do not inherently recognizetheir predators. Recognition is acquired. However, aquatic preydo inherently recognize injury-released chemical alarm cuesfrom their own species as an indicator of predation risk.Predator recognition is acquired by associating predator cues(e.g., its odor) with injury-released alarm cues. Thisphenomenon has been well established for minnows andaquatic invertebrates. Here, we apply this knowledge tohatchery-reared walleye.

Hatchery fish are predator-naïve when stocked into lakes toenhance a local fishery. Losses to predation typically exceed50% in the first year after stocking. In the first stage of a multipart project. we attempted to establish 1) if walleye possessspecialized skin cells that may contain alarm cues, 2) ifwalleye possess an aversive behavioral response to injuredwalleye skin, and 3) if juvenile walleye inherently recognizenorthern pike odor as an indicator of the presence of apredator, and 4) if walleye can use alarm cues in walleye skinto acquire recognition of pike. Preliminary results indicate thatwalleye possess epidermal club cells homologous to otherpercids (darters), and possibly analogous to ostariophysans(minnows). Behavioral observation are thus far consistent withan antipredator behavioral response to walleye skin extract.There was no indication of an inherent response to pike odor,but there was an antipredator response to pike odor followinga single simultaneous presentation of walleye skin extract andpike odor. This project will continue next fall and ultimately leadto a field comparison of the survival of trained versus untrainedwalleye.

36Title: Comparative Analysis of Wash Effectiveness atReducing Colony-Forming Units on ProducePresenter(s): Aaron Sykes. Damian Holznagel, Kristine Hakes,Lori HeitzmanDepartment: BiologyAdvisor: Dr. Kathryn WiseAbstract: The purpose of this experiment was to compare andevaluate different methods of washing produce. Washingsolutions were tested to determine the effectiveness atremoving microorganisms from produce. Two different washeswere used in the experiment; Fit household fruit and vegetablewash and a 9% bleach solution. These commonly usedproduce wash solutions were compared against washing withwater alone. The washes were tested on broccoli andmushrooms to detect the number of colony-forming unitsCFU’s) per unit of surface area. The experiment was repeated

and showed similar results for both produce types. The resultssuggested that Fit was not more effective at reducing thenumber of CFUs on produce than washing with water alone.The bleach solution proved to be the most effective washSolution for reducing the number of OFU’s per surface area on50th produce types.

Title: Dark Matter in Spiral GalaxiesPresenter(s): Sara JarolimekDepartment: Physics & AstronomyAdvisor: Dr. Matthew CraigAbstract: Most of the mass in and surrounding an individualgalaxy is an exotic form of matter called dark matter. I amsearching for a dark matter model that accurately explains andpredicts structure on both large and small scales. Therotational motion derived from spectra of individual galaxies isused to deduce the structure of the dark matter halo of a galaxy.Using data collected by researchers at UC Berkeley. I willexamine the structure of dark matter halos of a sample ofspiral galaxies. This data will be compared to the structurepredicted from simulations of dark matter halos. Thiscomparison may yield insight into the nature of the dark matter.

38Title: Having the Piss Scared Out of Them: Darters SenseDanger by Smelling Each Others’ UrinePresenter(s): Ashley MiddletonDepartment: BiologyAdvisor: Dr. Brian WisendenAbstract: Any mechanism that improves prey’s ability to detecta predator benefit will be sharply promoted by naturalselection, The probability of prey avoiding a predator’s attackshould increase if the predator’s presence is detected at anearly stage in the predation sequence. We studied disturbancecues in a series of experiments with darters (Etheostomaspp.). In the first experiment, we established that chemicalcues released by disturbed darters invoke antipredatorbehavior in downstream darters. In the second experiment, weshowed that a weak solution of ammonium chloride (tosimulate a urine pulse) invokes similar antipredator behavior.In a third experiment, we showed that disturbed dartersrelease a pulse of urinary ammonia. In a final experiment, wetested the olfactory sensitivity of darters to urinary ammoniaand showed that the threshold sensitivity was sufficient forurinary ammonia to serve as a disturbance cue. This studysuggests that darters release ammonia when disturbed andthat other darters use this information as a form of earlydetection of predation risk.

39Title: Nm FitPresenter(s): Samuel HeynDepartment: Speech & TheatreAdvisor: Dr. Theresa CarsonAbstract: A one-man show. The man recounts the events thatoccurred on the strangest. and in many ways the worst day ofhis life.

40Title: Can Simple Flatworms Smell Whether Fish Ate Wormsfor Lunch?Presenter(s): Jill Greenley, Tammy Lien, Aaron HutchesonDepartment: BiologyAdvisor: Dr. Brian WisendenAbstract: Aquatic animals use chemical cues to detect their

predators. When a potential predator approaches, informationabout its predation threat benefit prey by allowing them to eitherinitiate evasive behavior in the case of a clear threat, or toignore the approaching individual in the case of no threat.There are moderate fitness penalties associated with fleeingfrom a zero-threat situation, but extreme fitness penalties forfailing to recognize and respond when the threat is real andimminent. Past work has shown that minnows and insectlarvae can detect predation risk by detecting chemical cues (ortheir metabolites) of their own species released from thedigestive tract of the predator. Flatworms (Platyhelminthes,Turbellaria) are primitive animals with a ‘brain consisting oftwo cephalic ganglia. Previous work at MSUM showed that theyavoid chemical cues from injured members of their ownspecies and that they can use those cues to acquirerecognition of novel predators. In this experiment we test ifflatworms can smell the diet of a novel fish species. Convictcichlids were fed a diet of flatworms or flakes, and tank waterfrom each diet type was then tested on naïve flatworms to seeif they respond to the cues, and if they can then simultaneouslyacquire recognition of the fish’s odor. It is hypothesized thatalthough their brain is modestly endowed, predator recognitionshould be one of the first things to be promoted by naturalselection.

41Title: Magazine Advertisements and Their Effect on WomenPresenter(s): Amy Tangen, Olivia MohsDepartment: Mass CommunicationsAdvisor: Dr. Susanne WilliamsAbstract: Advertisements in women’s magazines play asignificant role in the socialization of women in the UnitedStates. The advertisements shown in popular magazinessuch as Cosmopolitan and Mademoiselle prove to be aguide for how woman act dress, and feel about themselves.We chose to look at ads from 1976 to present day to researchhow these images have shaped the social conception ofwomanhood. Woman are portrayed as sexual objects,passive, demure, childish, having objectified body parts, andare seen in unachievable roles. The key messages that camefrom our research deduce that advertising plays a huge role inhow women perceive themselves and how they want theaudience to perceive women.

42Title: Aspergers Disorder: Differential Diagnosis, SocialBehaviors and Effects on Educational LearningPresenter(s): Anne Burgard, Cone GronsoDepartment: Speech/Language/Hearing SciencesAdvisor: Dr. Louis DeMaioAbstract: This project will present information aboutAsperger’s Disorder. The three areas of focus for this projectwill include the differential diagnosis between Asperger’sDisorder and Autistic Disorder, an observation of the social andbehavioral functions of a child with Asperger’s, and the effectsthe disorder has on educational learning.

43Title: The Effects of Mood on Reaction Times of Females andMalesPresenter(s): Isabella BreitlingDepartment: PsychologyAdvisor: Dr. Christine SmithAbstract: The purpose of this study was to see whether beingin a certain mood influences reaction time in choosing thatsame mood out of a small group of people. It was expectedthat people experiencing a very intense mood would morequickly choose that mood out of a group of four photographs.The results did not show a correlation between mood intensityand reaction time. With regard to prior research on gender, itwas also expected that men would be faster to choose anangry face if they were in an angry mood, while women wouldbe faster to choose a happy face if they were in either a happyor sad mood. This data was analyzed for difference betweengender using a t-test and Pearson correlation matrix, neitherwhich were significant.

44Title: Determining Optimum RentsPresenter(s): Susan RoseDepartment: EconomicsAdvisor: Dr. Oscar FloresAbstract: (No Abstract Submitted)

45Title: Photojournalism GalleryPresenter(s): Ryan Hamner, Davina Doris, Asaimi NagumoDepartment: Mass CommunicationsAdvisor: Dr. Regene RadnieckiAbstract: Photojournalism is a rather specialized way oflooking at the world around us. Although it borrows techniquesfrom many other photographic disciplines such asdocumentary, portrature, fashion and commerical photography,it differs in that it is interpretive rather than representational.The display presentation will be a digital slideshow showingthe work of 20 photojournalism students taken during the fallsemester. The presenters will edit, prepare captions, digitallytone and arrange the images for the slideshow.

46 49Title: A Critical Look at Web InformationPresenter(s): Lisa KlaudtDepartment: Mass CommunicationsAdvisor: Dr. Regene RadnieckiAbstract: The World Wide Web contains millions of pages ofinformation on practically every conceivable topic. Anyone froma 10-year old elementary student to the leader of a country canbe a Web publisher. And indeed they are. It is truly a democraticmedium-a marketplace of ideas, if you will. In any publishingrealm, however, it is possible for fiction. propaganda, andoffensive, misleading or self-promotional information to bepresented as fact. With all of the information available online,how can a Web surfer determine its credibility? Thispresentation will have two parts. The first will focus ontechniques that Netizens can apply when surfing the Web foruseful information (a sort of primer for critically looking at Webinformation>, and the second part wilf demonstrate howanyone, even someone with limited resources, can publish onthe Web.

47Title: Synthesis of a Boron Containing Neuclocide for BoronNewtron Capture TheoryPresenter(s): Lisa Hansen, Michelle JohnsonDepartment:Advisor:Abstract: Boron, neutron capture therapy, BNCT, refers to theradiation generated from the capture of neutrons by boronnuclides. This radiation energy can be used to selectivelydestroy tissue and has been targeted towards the treatment ofmalignant tumors. The objective is to destroy tumor cellswithout damaging healthy cells. Our goal is to synthesize aDNA base, with several boron atoms incorporated. We havesynthesized the starting material,tetrakis[dimethoxyboryl)methane. We will describe the reactionof the starting material with formamide and subsequentreactions to form the desired nucleoside.

48Title: Expression and Identification of Pyruvate,Orthophosphate Dikinase Regulatory Protein for SequencingPresenter(s): Rebecca Mastel, Larry Louisiana, Eric WinterDepartment: BiologyAdvisor: Dr. Chris ChastainAbstract: In the photosynthetic pathway of C4 plants, like corn,the enzyme pyruvate, orthophosphate dikinase (PPDK) plays amajor role n regulating photosynthesis at a key step in the C4photosynthetic pathway. PPDK is regulated by the enzymepyruvate, orthophosphate dikinase regulatory protein (RP),which serves dual phosphatase/kinase roles therebyactivating/deactivating PPDK. RP has proven to be hard toisolate for characterization, so not a great deal is known aboutits structure or functional properties. The isolation andsequencing of RP is presented using a novel double hybridapproach. The RP gene from a cDNA expression library servesas the prey n an E. coli cell line containing a PPDK clone asthe baP. Colony screening confirms the presence of the preyconstruct and western blot immunoassay determineschosphorylanon of PPDK by PP

Title: Internet Sales TaxPresenter(s): Mistte WingenbachDepartment: AccountingAdvisor: Dr. Mary BaderAbstract: The question of whether or not to tax internet salesis one that is being heavily debated. The States want to collectthe taxes to increase revenues and business don’t want to gocollect and remit the taxes if they don’t have to. It is creatingquite a controversy. Another question that comes up is howwould the taxation of internet sales be carried out, The taxationof internet sales under our current system would be complexand burdensome, but steps need to be taken to promoteequality.

50Title: Infant Hearing Screening: Early Identification, Policy andAudiometric ProceduresPresenter(s): Robyn Hennessy. Laura NyhusDepartment: Speech/Language/Hearing SciencesAdvisor: Dr. Louis DeMaioAbstract: Infant Hearing Screening: Early Identification, Policy,and Audiometric Procedures examines the role hearing playsin language development and the policy regarding newbornhearing screenings. Analysis of observations made atMeritCare Hospital in Fargo, ND demonstrates theelectrophysiological procedures used to detect hearing loss innewborns. With legislation passed and/or pending in severalstates for the implementation of universal newborn hearingscreening, this project emphasizes the importance of earlyidentification and the consequences of late identification ofinfant hearing loss.

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51 54Title: Requirement of ERK 1/2 for NHE1 Activation by G-Protein

Coupled Receptor AgonistsPresenter(s): Melanie FunfarDepartment: ChemistryAdvisor: Dr. Joseph ProvostAbstract: The Na+/H+ exchanger isoform 1 (NHE1) is a key

regulator of intracellular pH (pHi) and cellular volume, and is

found in nearly all mammalian cells. Alkalization of theintracellular pH, primarily by NHEI, is an early requirement for

mitogenesis. The exchange activity of NHE1 is highlyinfluenced by growth factors, hormones, and extracellular

matrix proteins. Several G-protein coupled receptors, including

alpha 1-adrenergic receptors, lead to the activation of NHE1

which may include mitogen activated protein kinases (MAPK).

This study shows the relationship between G-protein coupled

receptors, MAPK, and NHE1 in CCL-39 cells, Phenylephrine

(PE) and Lysophosphotidic acid (LPA) stimulated both MAPK

and NHE1. Activation of MAPK occurs in a dose and timedependent manner. Optimal MAPK activation was observed atten minutes and displayed a maximum stimulation of 50 to 100mM PE. Alpha 1-adrenergic stimulation (100 mM) also led to arise in steady-state pHi of 0.12 +1- 0.03 pH units. High doses of

anisomycin (100 mM for 30 minutes) activated both the specificMAPK isoform ERK and NHE1. Pre-treating the cells with theMEK inhibitor PD 098059 inhibited both PE and LPA stimulatedMAPK phosphorylation and NHE1 transport. To furtherdemonstrate the specificity of PE and LPA regulation of NHE1and MAPK, CCL-39 cells were transfected with a dominantnegative MEK Construct and modulation of NHE1 and MAPKactivity was observed. These studies conclude that MAPK isdirectly involved in the G-protein coupled receptor activation ofNHE1 in CCL-39 cells.

52Title: Academic Service Learning Across DisciplinesPresenter(s): Dr. Lynn Harter, Melissa Carver, JudyHendrickson, Ben Mattson, Leslie Swanson, All Simmons,Meghan Watkin, Stephanie Rotz, Katie Richardson, LauraMonfrooeDepartment: Speech & TheatreAdvisor: Dr. Lynn HailerAbstract: Students from various majors will share theirexperiences with service learning and its impact on theireducation.

Title: Hypertrophic CardiomyopathyPresenter(s): Jerod OchsendortDepartment: Athletic TrainingAdvisor: Dr. Dawn HammerschmidtAbstract: Have you ever wondered what causes sudden deathin young people, especially young athletes? Sudden deathhas been occuring with increased frequency over the past fewyears. This power point presentation will focus on the conditionof Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy, it’s causes, symptoms, andtreatments.

55Title: Emily Dickinson: Transcending Gender and Her FatherPresenter(s): Anna MartinDepartment: EnglishAdvisor: Dr. Sheila CoghillAbstract: (No Abstract Submitted)

56Title: IRussian and Finnish Relations: Yesterday and TodayPresenter(s): Mary SuomalaDepartment: Political ScienceAdvisor Dr. Andrew ContehAbstract: This paper deals with the changing relationshipbetween Finland and Russia. Finland’s whole identity cannotbe examined without looking at the influence of Russia.Russia, on the other hand, views Finland in terms ofconvenience. Russia is not dependent on Finland, but valuesFinland’s connection to the West. The relationship betweenRussia and Finland is shown in political agreements,economic agreements, and security agreements. The termFinlandization has been used to describe their relationship,and it has been beneficial for both Finland and Russia in thepost-World War II era.

57Title: Personality Traits in Relation to Helping BehaviorPresenter(s): Holly Oster, Ariane BroadlandDepartment: PsychologyAdvisor: Dr. Christine SmithAbstract: (No Abstract Submitted)

is it Genocide?53Title: Food Manipulation: WhenPresenter(s): Casey DeckerDepartment: HistoryAdvisor: Dr. Dieter BerningerAbstract: The focus of my presentation is on howmanipulation of a people’s food supply can be a very effectiveweapon. In my paper I discuss the killing of the buffalo and itseffect on Native Americans, England’s role in the Irish GreatFamine, and also the fate of the Ukrainian peasants underStalin’s rule, In all three cases the manipulation of food wassuccessful in achieving massive death, but did any of themconstitute genocide?

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58 60Title: Hypotonia in Down Syndrome and its Affect on Oral MotorFunction and ArticulationPresenter(s): Erica Paulsen, Shannon HeglundDepartment: Speech/Language Hearing SciencesAdvisor: Dr. Louis lDeMaioAbstract: People with Down syndrome have recognizablephysical characteristics and limited intellectual abilities, whichare due to the presence of an extra 21st chromosome. Amongthe physical characteristics associated with Down syndrome ishypotonia, or low muscle tone. Hypotonia, which is caused bylower motor neuron lesion to neurons of ventral horns orcranial nerve nuclei, results from the interruption of the pathwayconnecting neurons via its axon with muscle fibers itinnervates. This low muscle tone interferes with the correctproduction of phonemes.

The subject of this study is an adult male with Down syndrome.

To determine the degree that hypotonia affects the subject’sarticulation and oral motor function, the subject’s oral cavitystructure and function will be observed in the following areas:face, breathing, lips, jaw, teeth, tongue, hard and soft palate,uvula, fauces, and pharynx. In addition, a conversationalspeech sample will be obtained and analyzed with theInteractive System for Phonological Analysis (ISPA), a computersoftware program, to assess the subject’s articulationcharacteristics.

59Title: Fetal Alcohol Syndrome: An Assessment of Physical,Behavioral and Communications CharacteristicsPresenter(s): Rhonda Zacharias, Heather FordDepartment: Speech/Language/Hearing SciencesAdvisor: Dr. Louis DeMaioAbstract: We are doing our project on Fetal Alcohol Syndrome.In this project, we are going to cover four aspects of FAS. Theseaspects include physical characteristics, behavioralcharacteristics, and communicative characteristics, with anassessment being in the area of specific communicativecharacteristics. The assessment will be on a 10 year old,female, child with FAS. Her parents have signed an informedconsent and no identifiable information about this child will bedisclosed. The assessment of this child will include formaland informal testing. The formal testing will test the difficulty thechild has with sequential verbal directions. We will be usingThe Token Test for Children. The informal testing will test if thechild can remain on topic during conversation and how oftenthe child interrupts during normal conversation.

Title: A Screenplay entitled “Pot Holes”Presenter(s): Krista ReinerDepartment: EnglishAdvisor: Dr. Richard ZinoberAbstract: For my presentation at the 2001 Student AcademicConference I will be collaborating with a student film makerand student actors/actresses from MSUM’s theater departmentto produce an eight minute excerpt from a screenplay I havewritten in my writing for film and the stage class. I will begin mypresentation with a four-minute overview on the processinvolved in writing and producing one’s own screenplay. Aftermy four-minute oral presentation I will then show the eight-minute excerpt on videocassette. I want to present my work inorder to give other students a better understanding of theprocess involved in taking a screenplay and turning it into theactual visual form. I believe that in doing this I will haveeducated my audience about the problems, time, andsatisfaction involved in making one’s own written words comealive on screen. I also think that the experience of seeing myown creative work come alive will teach me more about myselfand my abilities as a writer, director, and editor.

61Title: Huntington’s Disease: Dysarthria and Social-EmotionalIssuesPresenter(s): Traci Haus, Leanne LundeenDepartment: Speech/Language/Hearing SciencesAdvisor: Dr. Louis DeMaloAbstract: Our senior project will look at the effects ofHuntington’s Disease on an individual’s speaking andswallowing abilities, as well as the social-emotional aspectsof the disease. This project will involve administering theAssessment of Intelligibility of Dysarthric Speech to a subjectwith Huntington’s Disease. This assessment will involvehaving our subject read a series of words and repeat a seriesof sentences. The purpose of this assessment is to measureintelligibility. Our subject has agreed to participate and will signthe informed consent form. This assessment will involveanalyzing the results of the therapy session and presentingthem on a poster board. None of the subject’s information willbe disclosed.

62Title: Theatre Through the AgesPresenter(s): Darcy Bakkegard, Michael Aspinwall.Melissa Deutsch, Phyllis Morgan. Rachelle LarsonDepartment: Speech & TheatreAdvisor: Dr. Theresa CarsonAbstract: From the beginning of time, theatre has had astrong influence on society, and society a strong influence ontheatre. Changes in politics. religions, and tastes directlyaffected the course of theatre development. So how did theatreevolve into what it is today? In this presentation, we will providea brief glance back into the ever-changing world of theatre,highlighting Greek and Elizabethan theatre traditions, as wellas the movements in Realism and Musical Theatre endingvith where theatre is tcday. Through narratives about eachperiod and monologues representing reach tradition, ye yshow what makes hi eatre truiy the art of at ages.

63Title: Coverage of Womens Sports in the MediaPresenter(s): Kristin LeadbetterDepartment: Mass CommunicationsAdvisor: Dr. Susanne WilliamsAbstract: During the past decades. women have beenempowering themselves, particularly through sports. Aswomen’s sports have gained popularity, I researched what kindof attention, if any, the media has given to women’s sports. In acontent analysis of the magazine Sports Illustrated during thedecade of the 1 990s, I examined how coverage of women’ssports has evolved. I decided to use Sports Illustrated for myresearch because it is the most widely distributed sportsmagazine today.

64Title: Economic Impact of Sports FacilitiesPresenter(s): Roy ThomsenDepartment: EconomicsAdvisor: Dr. Oscar FloresAbstract: My presentation will present costs and benefits ofbuilding sports facilities and will focus on aparticular city as amodel (to be decided). It will examine the overall economicimpact of sports facilities and will give information concerningleague monopolies, income distribution, substitution effect.

65Title: Archaeological Applications of Ground Penetrating RadarPresenter(s): Aaron FogelDepartment: ArchaeologyAdvisor: Dr. Rinita DalanAbstract: Geophysical methodology has been successfullyused in deep applications such as oil and mineral explorationfor many decades. The first archaeological use of thesemethods dates to the 1 930s but within the last thirty years new,more precise, methods of near-surface geophysics have beendeveloped that are very useful for archaeologists. GroundPenetrating Radar (GPR) is one such method. Thispresentation will focus on the development and methodologyof GPR as well as applications and limitations of the methodas applied in archaeological research.

66Title: Service Learning Benefits FacultyPresenter(s): Barbara NelsonDepartment: Social WorkAdvisor: Dr. Shawn GintherAbstract: Service learning is poised between the intersectionof two major concems of education: traditional classroomlearning and active participation in the private and publicsectors. Faculty can use service learning in a positive mannerto bridge the gap between campus and community. Twoinstitutions targeted in this study will be Fergus FallsCommunity College and Minnesota State University, Moorhead.Two core questions will be explored: (1> Does integrating aservice learning component in course materials enhancestudents’ interest in class material,increase classparticipation, and discussion? (2) Does service learningimprove students’ ability to apply what is learned in theclassroom to the “real world”?

67Title: Life as a Foreigner in TaiwanPresenter(s): Brandi HoppenrathDepartment: LanguagesAdvisor: Dr. Jenny LinAbstract: The presentation titled “Life as a Foreigner inTaiwan”, will overview my adventures as a student and touristin Taiwan. As a foreigner, I learned many things that I would liketo share with others (about culture, language, and travel.) Thetopics of my discussion include “foreigner” treatment, travel inTaiwan, religion (specifically Christianity and Buddhism),medical treatment, the educational system and specific eventssuch as the Chinese New Year celebration and the mostrecent democratic election. The presentation will be conductedwith the use of PowerPoint, handouts, photographs and othervisual aids. Following the presentation I will be available toanswer questions about Taiwan and the East Asian Studiesprogram at MSUM.

68Title: Quality Assessment of Magnetic Resonance Images andVariations of Image Quality Over TimePresenter(s): Matthew HolzwarthDepartment: Physics & AstronomyAdvisor: Dr. Ananda ShastriAbstract: The purpose of this study is to measure the variationof magnetic resonance image quality over time. We used theguidelines established by the American College of Radiology(ACR). The tests were conducted using the standard ACRphantom that consists of a plastic cylinder filled with water andseveral plastic shapes. Various quality assessments of thephantom images were performed using the standard ACRprocedure, including measuring different aspects of quality. Wecalled these measurements “quality indices.” These qualityindices included geometric accuracy, percent signal ghosting,percent integral uniformity, slice position accuracy, and slicethickness accuracy. The quality indices were measured once amonth for several months. The standard deviation of the qualityindices will help show the quality of the images over a period oftime.

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7269Title: Traditional versus Nontraditional Gender StereotypicalPerceptions About Magazine Advertisements: What isAttractive?Presenter(s): Teresa lmholteDepartment: PsychologyAdvisor: Dr. Christine SmithAbstract: Times are changing. and peoples attitudes aboutgender roles are transforming. This experiment looked at howpeoples attitude towards traditional and nontraditional genderstereotyped roles influenced whether they believed someonewas attractive or not. Participants took the Sexiest AttitudesTowards Women Scale to determine their beliefs abouttraditional and nontraditional gender role stereotypes.Participants rated eight magazine advertisements based onattractiveness and whether they fit traditional or nontraditionalsex role stereotypes. Results found that the nontraditionalroles were considered more attractive, therefore they weremore preferred. This provided evidence that the preference fornontraditional sex roles is not as strong as it was in the past.

70Title: Effects of ionizing radiation on DNA: The role of spermineon radiation damagePresenter(s): Jody JacobsonDepartment: ChemistryAdvisor: Dr. Abbas PezeshkAbstract: Exposure of dilute aqueous DNA to ionizingradiation at ambient temperatures result in indirect damage tothe DNA, major reactions being the addition of OH radicals toDNA bases and abstraction of C-H hydrogen atoms fromdeoxyribose units. In order to concentrate on direct damageprocesses, we have studied frozen aqueous solutions usingEPR spectroscopy. Exposure of frozen aqueous solutions ofDNA to gamma radiation at 77 K resulted in the formation ofguanine-center radical cations, and thymine radical-anions orcytosine radical-anions. We have also investigated the effectsof spermine on the formation of the DNA radical centers, Ourpreliminary results indicate that spermine has no effect on theguanine center.

71Title: Japanese Influence in TaiwanPresenter(s): Brandi HoppenrathDepartment: LanguagesAdvisor: Dr. Mita TakanoriAbstract: Did you know that for about 50 years Japanoccupied Taiwan? Did you know that many Taiwanese Deopiein their 60s-70s speak Japanese? Some words in theTaiwanese language actually are taken from the Japaneselanguage (FYI: Taiwanese and is very different from theMandarin dialect spoken in mainland China.) There are alsomany other cultural and social influences that are reflected inTaiwan daily life even today- including the educational system.Come and learn about the Japanese colonization of Taiwanand the influences that has had on Taiwanese society anddevelopment.

Title: Is photosynthetic electron transport linked to activation ofpyruvate.orthophosphate dikinase (PPDK) in chloroplasts ofplants possessing the C3 photosynthetic pathway?Presenter(s): Adam VossenDepartment: BiologyAdvisor: Dr. Chris ChastainAbstract: (No Abstract Submitted)

73Title: Evolution of the C4 photosynthetic pathway from C3plants: The non-photosynthetic C3 ancestral form of the C4photosynthetic pathway enzyme, pyruvate.orthophosphatedikinase, is also light regulated in leaves of C3 plantsPresenter(s): Julie Vogel. Christa Randklev, Sharon DittmerDepartment: BiologyAdvisor: Dr. Chris ChastainAbstract: (No Abstract Submitted>

74Title: The Effects of Radiation on DNA: The Role of SpinLabels on Radical DamagePresenter(s): Katie Rice. Jody JacobsonDepartment: ChemistryAdvisor: Dr. Abbas PezeshkAbstract: Radiation damage to DNA is of interest from apurely mechanistic point of view and also because it is thoughtto play a major role in cellular damage, including cell death.Exposure of frozen aqueous solutions of DNA to gammaradiation at 77K resulting in direct damage to DNA and theformation of guanine radical cations and thymine radicalanions or cytosine radical anions. In this study we present anEPR investigation of the yields of free redicals, guanine andthymine and/or cytosine, formed in gamma irradiated frozenDNA in the presence and absence of spin labels as radicalprotectors.

75Title: EPR Studies of Cardiac Muscle of Hypertensive andNormotensive RatsPresenter(s): Jill GreenleyDepartment: ChemistryAdvisor: Dr. Abbas PezeshkAbstract: Systemic hypertension is one of the major riskfactors for coronary heart disease. Membrane fluidity of cardiacmuscle was studied in spontaneously riypertensive tSHR andWistar-Kyoto (WKY) rats using spin labeling techniques andEPR spectroscopy. The values of the maximum splittingparameter for spin-label 5-SASL and the rotational correlationtime for spin label 16-SASL incorporated in heart tissuemembrane from both SHR and WKY rats were compared. Ourdata suggest an increase in membrane fluidity near themembrane surface probed by 5-SASL and a decrease npolarity detected by 16-SASL in SHA rats.

76Title: Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Transactivation isNecessary for the Stimulation of Extracellular Signal-RegulatedKinasePresenter(s): Justin Voog, Andrew McCoyDepartment: Biology & ChemistryAdvisor: Dr. Joseph ProvostAbstract: The lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) activation ofextracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) by G-proteincoupled receptor agonists, such as LPA, has recently beenidentified in a number of cell lines. However, the activationmechanism of ERK varies depending on cell line. G-proteincoupled receptor agonists can also lead to epidermal growthfactor receptor (EGFR) transactivation by a number of means,including a calcium or a Src family kinase dependentpathways; the later involving p6Osrc. In other cell systems theG-protein beta gamma subunits are involved in activation of theEGFR and thus the activation of ERK. This project focuses onthe mechanism underlying LPA-stimulated EGFRtransactivation and ERK activation in CCL39 cells. LPA (10mM)induced a dramatic increase in the total tyrosinephosphorylation as judged by PY2O immunoblots. LPAincubation also lead to an increase in the tyosinephosphorylation of the EGFR. As expected the general tyrosinekinase inhibitor, genestein, blocked ERK activation in LPAinduced cells. LPA induced ERK activation was inhibited byEGFR kinase inhibitors, but autophosphorylation inhibitors didnot prevent LPA induced ERK phosphorylation. Additionalincubation with the non-receptor Src family inhibitor PP2 did notlimit LPA activation of ERK. These results suggest that thesignaling pathway of LPA in the activation of ERK must gothrough EGFR transactivation in CCL39 cells.

77Title: Using a Geographic Information System to Address the“Selfish Herd” Hypothesis in Gunnison’s Prairie DogsPresenter(s): Daniel McEwenDepartment: BiologyAdvisor: Dr. Donna Bruns StockrahmAbstract: Coloniality of Gunnisons prairie dogs (Cynomysgunnisoni) was studied with respect to selfish herd behavior ina subcolony from a larger prairie dog town in Archuleta County,Colorado (center, 370 39’ N, 1070 15’ W). An intensive period oftrapping was conducted during the summers of 1991 through1997 with live-traps being rotated around the burrowentrances. Captured prairie dogs were ear-tagged, weighed,aged, sexed, and released. The burrow entrance at whicheach capture occurred was recorded. In 1996, the coordinatesof each of these burrow entrances were ascertained with aGlobal Positioning System (GPS). Capture data and GPS datawere loaded into an ArcView Geographic Information Systemwhere boundaries and centroids of three burrow subgroupingswere mapped. The analyses were based on a total of 742mapped burrow entrances (covering 3.15 ha) associated with1,837 captures of 342 different animals. A spider diagram wasused to calculate the distance of each burrow entrance to itsclosest centroid which could then be related to individualanimal distances from the centers. We did severalcomparisons of distances from centers between differentsubgroups of prairie dogs based upon sex, age, dispersal andlife Span. Adults were closer to the subcolonys centers thanwere pups. We also established that higher burrow densitieswere correlated systematically with closer distances to centers.

A correlation existed between burrow density and activity,indicating not only a possible selfish herd behavior motivationfor spatial properties of burrow construction, but also foranimal activities. We could not rule out selfish herd behavior asa possible explanation for coloniality among Gunnisons prairiedogs.

78Title: Factors Influencing Successful Turkey (Meleagrisgallopavo) Reintroduction in Minnesota: A Literature ReviewPresenter(s): Candice Zemlicka, Elizabeth JohnsonDepartment: BiologyAdvisor: Dr. Donna StockrahmAbstract: The Minnesota Department of Natural Resources(DNR) is currently working on a wild turkey (Meleagrisgallopavo) reintroduction program in Minnesota. We areworking with the DNR and the National Wild Turkey Federationon a literature review to address some of their questionsrelevant to the reintroductions. Our poster will address thefollowing questions regarding wild turkey survival in Minnesota.What is their native range? Can they survive this far north? Ifnot, what factors limit their range? What are their habitatrequirements? What potential effect will predation have on thereleased populations? What kind of impact will reintroducedturkeys have on the other species in the area? Do turkeyreintroductions into an area negatively impact other speciesthat also eat mast (e.g., acorns), like deer and squirrels?Weather is also a major concern. What is the winter habitat ofturkeys and what effects do the winter temperatures have onturkey survival and reproduction?

79Title: A Research Proposal: Movements and Habitat Use byFemale Painted Turtles (Chiysemys picta) in WesternMinnesotaPresenter(s): Deanna ThompsonDepartment: BiologyAdvisor: Dr. Donna Bruns StockrahmAbstract: This poster will present an ecological study that willbe conducted by several MSUM biology students and myself,beginning the spring and summer of 2001. The purpose of thisproject is to collect preliminary data on the movements andhabitat use of painted turtles (Chrysemys picta), especially infemales during the nesting season. Data will be collected onboth male and female turtles, but only selected females will befitted with radio transmitters. Turtles will be intercepted alongrural roads throughout Clay County, marked, measured, andreleased. Females with radio transmitters will be tracked atperiodic intervals, hopefully to their nesting sites. Nestinformation suchas habitat type (including human use of thehabitat), depth, temperature, Global Positioning System (GPS)location, soil moisture, and distance to nearest humandisturbance will be recorded. Nests will be periodicallymonitored until the eggs hatch, then the hatchlings will bemarked and followed if possible. Because this is our pilotstudy, any preliminary data from this year could lead to morecomplex studies in the future. Laboratory studies on turtlehoming behavior, especially that of hatchling turtles, might alsobe planned for the future depending on. the outcome of thestudy proposed here,

80 85Title: Towards a Greater Understanding of Catalysis in Waterpresenter(s): Heidi Williams, Justin KlitzkeDepartment: ChemistryAdvisor: Dr. Donald KrogstadAbstract: With growing industrial needs to minimize cost andcomply with environmental regulations there is a push to usewater as a solvent. For this to occur, there needs to be a betterunderstanding of transition metal catalysis in the aqueousphase. Unfortunately. many previous studies were hindered bycatalyst or substrate solubility in water. Therefore, we prepareda series of water-soluble, cis-[M(PTA)2X2] (PTA1.3.5-tnaza-7-phosphaadamantane; M=Pd; X=Cl. Br and M=Pt: X=Cl,Br. I)complexes and used them to study the catalytic intramolecularhydroamination of 4-pentyn-1-amine in water, methanol,and dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO). Examination of the kinetic datashows a slight halide effect while the identity of the metal has apronounced effect. What is most interesting, however, is thesolvent effect. In all cases examined so far, water andmethanol gave similar rates and conversions while DMSOwas dramatically slower with smaller conversions. Adiscussion of these and other results will be presented.

81Title: Measuring the Demand for Internet UsagePresenter(s): Lori GieselmanDepartment: EconomicsAdvisor: Dr. Oscar FloresAbstract: (No Abstract Submitted)

82Title: Analysis on the Effects of Monetary PolicyPresenter(s): Mike GesellchenDepartment: EconomicsAdvisor: Dr. Oscar FloresAbstract: (No Abstract Submitted)

83Title: Predicting Energy Consumption in Moorhead, MN

J Presenter(s): Lisa WatkinsDepartment: EconomicsAdvisor: Dr. Oscar FloresAbstract: (No Abstract Submitted)

84Title: The Plus and Negative of IntegersPresenter(s): Michele Becker, Marilyn LabrenszDepartment: MathematicsAdvisor: Dr. NG Geok LianAbstract: We will use a variety of visual aids, demonstrationsand manipulatives to explain the concept of integers.

Title: Mathematics on Both Sides of the 0Presenter(s): Karolyn Bates, Angie GreerDepartment: MathematicsAdvisor: Dr. NG Geok LianAbstract: We will introduce the concept of integers usingdemonstrations of the chip model and number line model.

86Title: You Never Thought Negatives Could Be So Fun!Presenter(s): Jennifer Olson. Jamie SchwennDepartment: MathematicsAdvisor: Dr. NG Geok LianAbstract: We will demonstrate the mathematical modeling ofthe concepts of adding, subtracting and multiplying integersusing manipulatives.

87Title: Insane IntegersPresenter(s): Angie Hodge, Janice TerfehrDepartment: MathematicsAdvisor: Dr. NG Geok LianAbstract: We will be demonstrating the concepts of integermultiplication, addition and subtraction. This will be done byusing counting chips and a visual demonstration of thenumber line.

88Title: NIH CurriculumPresenter(s): Sarah Anderson, Angela VarrianoDepartment: BiologyAdvisor: Dr. Mary ShimabukuroAbstract: The National Institute of Health releases curriculua,appropriate for K-12 students, every year. In 2000, three newcurricula were released on the following topics: Cell Biologyand Cancer, Emerging and Re-emerging Diseases, andHuman Genetic Variation. An overview of these curricula will

be given. Examples of Activities from the “Human GeneticVariation” curriculum and the “Cell Biology and Cancer”curriculum will be presented.

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94 96Title: Neuroscience Laboratory and Classroom ActivitiesPresenter(s): Susan SorensonDepartment: BiologyAdvisor: Dr. Mary ShimabukuroAbstract: The National Association of Biology Teachers andthe Society for Neuroscience developed the curriculummaterial, “The Neuroscience Laboratory and ClassroomActivities’ with the goal of bringing neuroscience instructionand activities into the classroom. This curriculum presentstopics in neuroscience, such as auditory, visionary, andolfactory functions, in a manner in which students can designand conduct their own experiments. The manual is set up tointegrate labs, discussion, and the learning cycle into theschool curriculum, During this workshop, the material in thiscurriculum will be summarized and one activity will bedemonstrated.

95Title: Effective Use of Chemical Demonstrations in theClassroomPresenter(s): Chris PetersenDepartment: ChemistryAdvisor: Dr. Shawn DunkirkAbstract: The use of demonstrations in the classroom can beused as a technique to reach those students that may learnbetter through visual means. Demonstrations can also beeffective in the classroom to capture and hold a studentsattention for subject material that may be considered toodifficult to learn if only presented in a lecture format or out of thetext. If a demonstration is done properly, it can make ‘boring”lecture material come alive and stimulate discussion amongthe students. Demonstrations are remembered and it isexpected that this will lead to better retention of material youare teaching. When searching for demonstrations consider thefollowing questions. Will this be an effective demonstration?Can this demonstration be well correlated with your curriculumtopic? Is this demonstration safe to use in your classroomsetting? This presentation will contain information on sourcesfor well-tested demonstrations, tips on effective execution ofdemonstrations, and examples of how to assess learningthrough demonstrations along with assessing safety. Thesepoints will be explained using demonstrations that have beeneffectively used in chemistry classes and outreach activities.

Title: BSCS - The Human Genome Project: Biology,Computers and PrivacyPresenter(s): Dean SwensonDepartment: BiologyAdvisor: Dr. Mary ShimabukuroAbstract: The object of this workshop is to introduceparticipants to the BSCS curriculum entitled, The HumanGenome Project: Biology, Computers, and Privacy, 1996,BSCS. The curriculum provides teachers with backgroundinformation relating to the Human Genome Project (HGP)including aspects of science and technology underlying theHGP, and ethics and public policy relating to it. Sevenclassroom activities relating to the Human Genome Project areincluded in the curriculum materials and one of these activitieswill be demonstrated during the workshop.

97Title: Discovering Biology through Hands-On ImageProcessingPresenter(s): Morgan Niedringhaus, Zoe Lamm,Vian AbdulhakimDepartment: BiologyAdvisor: Dr. Mary ShimabukuroAbstract: Three workshops will introduce its participants tothe use of Hands-On Image Processing (HIP) curriculum in thescience classroom. The curriculum was developed by theImage Processing for Teacher Project, in 1996, and wasfunded by the National Science Foundation. The HIP Biologycurriculum utilizes “NIH Image,” the imaging processingsoftware developed by the National Institutes of Health, in everyscience lesson. The objectives of the HIP curriculum are to usethe computer as a tool to enhance the understanding offundamental science concepts through inquiry and hands-onexploration of real-world scientific data. Like scientists,students use image-processing software to develophypotheses, collect and analyze data, and form conclusionsfrom their results. The curriculum provides teachers with anexplanation of the philosophy of HIP Biology, resourcesdetailing how to use the image software, HIP activities toimplement, and tools to assess the effectiveness of thiscurriculum in the classroom.

98Title: Ontogeny of Chemically Mediated Antipredator Behaviorby Convict CichlidsPresenter(s): Shireen AlemadiDepartment: BiologyAdvisor: Dr. Brian WisendenAbstract: Parent convict cichlids defend their young againstpredators. The ability of the young to recognize injury-releasedalarm cues is unknown. In this experiment we tested if youngwere able to detect these cues, and how developmental stagecontributes to their ability to respond. This will allow us to betterunderstand if the young are able to respond appropriately tothe given cue without parental care. We tested young in anenclosed environment to remove the effect of external stimuli. Aflow through system was created that allowed the cue to beadded from either side of the test tank. The young were given 5minutes to acclimate to the test tank. After a pre-stimulusobservation period, 10 mL of alarm cue was added to one sideof the test tank. After the alarm cue was added the behavior ofthe convict cichlids was closely watched and videotaped to beable to analyze the fish behavior. In response to the cue, therewas greater cohesion within the group initially, and also a typeof examination behavior arose, shown by an attraction to theside of the tank where the injury release cue was added. Inconclusion, young convict cichlids appear capable of detectingand responding to alarm cues. The behavioral response isconstrained by the need for parental protection.

99Title: The Effects of Physically Violent Video Games on MalesPresenter(s): Casandra Vigesaa-Disse, Sean Simpson, PattyDahley, Bethany GeifreDepartment: Social WorkAdvisor: Dr. Shawn GintherAbstract: The purpose of this study is to determine whetherthere is a correlation between the frequent playing of physicallyviolent video games and violent actions among males in theFargo/Moorhead, Detroit Lakes, and Pelican Rapids areas.The Hypothesis is that there is a correlation between physicallyviolent males and males who participate in physically violentvideo games. The alternative hypothesis is, males who arefrequently exposed to violent video games will experiencenegative effects, and will therefore be more likely to engage inviolent behaviors.

100Title: How the Emotional Coping Mechanisms are Affected byIndividuals Who are Living with CancerPresenter(s): Amber Lehn, Katy Wefel, Alissa Stein, Ten TolkDepartment: Social WorkAdvisor: Dr. Shawn GintherAbstract: (No Abstract Submitted)

101Title: Student Drinking and Law EnforcementPresenter(s): Laura Eckroth, Ann Ficek, Shelly Grothen,Ann Higdem, Chris JohnsonDepartment: Social WorkAdvisor: Dr. Shawn GintherAbstract: (No Abstract Submitted)

102Title: A Prairie Home Companion at MSUM: Poetry and Musicfrom ED 310Presenter(s): Dr. Steven Grineski. Pam Conn, KariHenningson, Pat Tweeter, Andy Beyer, Monica WinterDepartment: Foundations ProgramAdvisor: Dr. Steven GrineskiAbstract: In response to assignments given this fallsemester in Steve Grineski’s Ed 310 Social Foundations ofEducation class, students wrote poetry and stories, createdsongs and musical selections, put on plays and completed avariety of projects to demonstrate their understanding of courseobjectives. The five students presenting their work for the 2001Academic Conference completed the following assignments:(1) Andy Beyer: A rap poem responding to the study ofoppression in American schools. (2) Monica Winter: An originalsong responding to study of “What’d we do before technologyin K-12 schools computers saved’ our lives?” (3) Pat Tweeter:A poem responding to study of Horace Mann and the CommonSchool Movement. (4) Pam Conn and Karl Henningson Apoem based on Tracy Responding to study of Chapman’ssong: ‘Across oppression in American schools The Lines.”Each student will briefly describe their work in relation to thespecified assignment and then share their assignment withthe audience.

103Title: Cell Cycle Coordinated Mitochondrial DynamicsPresenter(s): Kristopher MortensonDepartment: BiologyAdvisor: Dr. Ellen BrischAbstract: Mitochondria function to provide cells with energy forall metabolic processes. Throughout the cell cycle,mitochondria are highly dynamic. They continuously moveabout and change shape depending on which stage of the cellcycle they are in. This process is termed mitochondrialdynamics. In Saccharomyces cerevisiae. the inheritance ofmitochondria from mother cell to daughter bud during celldivision is an essential feature of yeast cell growth. Theanalysis of mutants defective in mitochondrial morphology andinheritance has lead to the identification of some of theproteins that control mitochondrial dynamics. Classically,temperature sensitive yeast mutants were used to identify cellcycle regulatory proteins. The analysis of mutants defective inevents such as bud formation, DNA synthesis, spindle polebody duplication, and cytokinesis lead to the identification ofproteins that control each of these integral steps in celldivision. It is our hypothesis, that molecules that control celldivision and cell cycle regulation play a key role inmitochondrial dynamics. We are currently testing ourhypothesis by examining the following cell cycle mutants fordefects in mitochondrial dynamics: cdc4, cdc5: cdcl4, cdcl5,

cdcl6, cdc2O, cdc23, cdc28. The specific mechanisms of how

mitochondrial dynamics are regulated during the cell cycle are

beyond the scope of this project. However, by identifying cell

cycle mutants with mitochondrial defects we can build a model

for how mitochondrial dynamics are coordinated during the cell

cycle

104Title: Prader-Willi Syndrome: Behavior, Communication,ObservationPresenter(s): Melissa Homer, Marti VolkDepartment: Speech/Language/Hearing SciencesAdvisor: Dr. Louis DeMaioAbstract: Our senior project and poster board will focus on

Prader-Willi Syndrome and its effect on the communicative

process, specifically pragmatic skills. Pragmatics are the rules

governing how one socially uses communication. We will

focus on the area of pragmatics involving the initiation/

response ratio in a conversational sample we will acquire

through observation and informal assessment in theindividuals home. The hR ratio will determine the individual’s

ability to initiate topics as well as respond.

Our poster board will give a general overview of the disorder.This will include the cause, general characteristics, andprevalence. The second part we will display the behaviorissues involved with the disorder such as hyperphasia, or

overeating, and discipline issues. The third area will becommunication impairment associated with Prader-WilhiSyndrome like language and oral motor difficulties. The lastthing we will show on our poster board is the observation and

assessment we conducted.

105Title: Parent Child CommunicationPresenter(s): Kristi Moos, Kirsten RazzoneDepartment: Speech/Language/Hearing SciencesAdvisor: Dr. Louis DeMaioAbstract: We will look at the five components of the Parent-Child Communication Program and show that changing the

initiation/response ratios increases the effectiveness of parent.

child interactions. We will also identify the legal basis forpaternal involvement in interaction services. We will also doand assessment that will compare the initiation/responserations of a mother and son interacting before and afterimplementation of the Parent-Child Communication Program.

Our project will provide information concerning the Parent-Child Communication Program as well as the findings of our

assessment on initiation/response ratios of before and aftertraining parents in the Parent-Child Communication Program.

106Title: Finding the Past in the 21st CenturyPresenter(s): Julie GallagherDepartment: Anthropology & Earth ScienceAdvisor: Dr. Michael MichlovicAbstract: This project will address four questions: What isarchaeology? Why do we search for past cultures? How do weknow where to look for the sites, and what technologies do weemploy? What do archaeologists hope to learn through theirresearch?

These are the questions everybody asks about archaeology.The answers to these questions provide an understanding ofthe discipline, the techniques, and technology employed ininvestigations, and kinds of questions archaeologists hope toaddress.

107Title: MSUMs China Tour 2000Presenter(s): Amanda Craven, Kristi RosholtDepartment: LanguagesAdvisor: Dr. Jenny LinAbstract: With the use of slides, Amanda Craven and KristiRosholt will give a brief description of MSUMs China Tour inwhich they participated in the spring of 2000. Some cities andsights, as well as aspects of Chinese culture, will be explored.The impact of the tour on the speakers themselves, will be themain focus of this presentation.

108Title: Prairie Planting Partnerships: Indoor GerminationExperimentsPresenter(s): Susan Sorenson, Holly Triska, Tanya BeckerDepartment: BiologyAdvisor: Dr. Alison WallaceAbstract: We will describe several experiments in progress todetermine the most successful ways to grow prairie seedlingsin an indoor setting. The purpose for these experiments is toshare our results with Moorhead Public School third gradeclassrooms, who are also growing seedlings in preparation fortransplanting into a prairie restoration plot at the MSUMRegional Science Center. These experiments are looking atfactors such as planting depth, watering technique,temperature, humidity, pot size, and nutrient levels on seedlinggermination and survival rates of several native prairie plantspecies. In addition to sharing our results, we will demonstratean online database we are using to communicate our findingswith third grade students and teachers. We will describe futureprojects, which include experiments involving the transplantsurvival rates in the restoration plots, and the development of aweb site of prairie plant growing tips for teachers and students.

109 112Title: Panel Discussion of Irish LiteraturePresenter(s): Carol Kahie, Kathryn Hutter, Jessica JohnsonDepartment: EnglishAdvisor: Dr. Sandra PearceAbstract: Three students will discuss their papers on Irishliterature.

110Title: Does Lack of MSUM Parking Cause Frustration and/orErratic DrivingPresenter(s): Ronda Hoff, Melissa Lee, Kelli McCarthyDepartment: Social WorkAdvisor: Dr. Shawn GintherAbstract: Our group’s study came about from personalexperiences and observations made by each member. Thisstudy explores the correlation between the shortage ofMinnesota State University-Moorhead campus parking spacesand how it exacerbates the student driver’s feelings of angerand frustration resulting in aggressive, erratic, and sometimesdangerous driving behavior:

This study will be done in three different time scenarios:1. Directly following the vehicle being parked.2. When the vehicle is leaving the parking spot.3. Randomly while the subject is not in the parking lot

environment.

The final paper will contain literature review on the subject andalso the information gained from surveys taken on the MSUMcamps. The confidentiality of all participants will be protected.This is a voluntary survey. There are no foreseen risks for theparticipants. The benefit of this study would be to decreaseproblems that cause frustration over parking.

111Title: Preoccupation of DeathPresenter(s): Sara Wiederholt, Marissa Heley,Jamie Stollenwerk, Paula ThieschaferDepartment: Social WorkAdvisor: Dr. Shawn GintherAbstract: This study is designed to compare and contrast thepreoccupational anxieties concerning death between male andfemale MSUM students. This research is being conducted forthe Social Work Research Methods course: 360.

A survey containing statements dealing with concerns of deathwill be used. The participants will be asked to rate eachstatement using a Likert scale. After taking the survey, eachparticipant will have an individual score, higher scoresindicating higher levels of death anxiety.

The results will be split into two separate categories; male andfemale, From this process a mean score will be produced forboth sexes.

The goal of this study is to determine whether or not there is adifference between the sexes and their death anxieties. It sexpected that the average female score will be higher than themales.

Title: Party Patrol and Student Drinking BehaviorPresenter(s): Shonda Nettestad, Norma Kallstrom, SusanFowler, Erica Heitmann, Amy GruenhagenDepartment: Social WorkAdvisor: Dr. Shawn GintherAbstract: The newly developed Party Patrol has increased thepublic’s awareness of the amount of college-aged drinking andhas also increased the consequences of this behavior. Thisresearch examines the effects of the Fargo-Moorhead PartyPatrol on the drinking behaviors of local four-year stateuniversity students. To gather data, we are anonymouslysurveying North Dakota State University and Minnesota StateUniversity, Moorhead students. Although our findings may notbe available at the time of the conference, we hope to find thatthe Party Patrol has had an effect on the drinking behavior onthe local state university students.

113Title: Burnout in Human Service AgenciesPresenter(s): Ann Marie OnestiDepartment: Public and Human Service AdministrationAdvisor: Dr. James DanielsonAbstract: Many businesses and organizations in the workworld are experiencing high rates of employee turnover,absenteeism, and increased medical bills just to name a few.Some speculate these effects can be attributed to stress in theworkplace. When stress is prolonged over time it can lead toburnout. What causes this stress and how does it lead toburnout? This session will share information about burnoutresearch conducted and findings in a local human serviceagency.

114Title: Implementation of a Campus One Card ProgramPresenter(s): Jeff CadwellDepartment: Public and Human Service AdministrationAdvisor: Dr. James DanielsonAbstract: This study addresses the issues and challengesinvolved in implementing a single electronic card for eachstudent and staff member at Concordia College Moorhead.The study will examine the costs and benefits associated withthis initiative along with the technological and administrativechallenges. Experiences from other colleges will be exploredfor possible “lessons”.

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115Title: Clean-Up Week Impact and AlternativesPresenter(s): Eric PetersonDepartment: Public and Human Service AdministrationAdvisor: Dr. James DanielsonAbstract: This study examines the present policy of “Clean-UpWeek for the city of Moorhead. It will explore possiblealternatives, including ending the practice, expanding it to twoweeks or possibly rescheduling it for two separatetimeframes. Implications for staff, costs, and landfill use will beaddressed.

116Title: Analysis of Sick Leave PolicyPresenter(s): Krista ShawDepartment: Public and Human Services AdministrationAdvisor: Dr. James DanielsonAbstract: This is a policy analysis study designed to explorecauses and possible solutions for problems associated withthe current sick leave policy in a human service association. Itwill address alternative policies, their costs and benefits, byexploring the lessons from other similar types of organizations.

117Title: Effects of College Experience and Word List Relation onShort and Long Term MemoryPresenter(s): Mark S. JesinoskiDepartment: PsychologyAdvisor: Dr. Elizabeth NawrotAbstract: Research has shown that memory can be effected

by age, time and mental associations of similar stimuli. Bycomparing college students in both short and long termmemory tests the researcher expects to find more efficientuses of memory among seniors. Eighty undergraduatefreshmen and senior students will be randomly assigned toeither a semantically related or unrelated word list group.Hypotheses predict college level seniors will recall morewords at a higher level of accuracy than freshmen.Semantically related word list groups will have greater wordrecalls and intrusions than semantically unrelated groups.Also word recalls will decrease while word intrusions increasefrom short to long-term trials. Although not yet completepreliminary data shows consistency with the hypotheses. Theproposed findings could be useful in the study of cohortdifferences in memory ability, as well as having application inthe area of eyewitness testimony.

118Title: Measuring the Return to Work Decisions of New Mothers

‘i Presenter(s): Candace SimmonsDepartment: EconomicsAdvisor: Dr. Oscar FloresAbstract: (No Abstract Submitted)

119Title: Protein-Protein Interactions of Citrate Synthase & MalateDehydrogenasePresenter(s): Shanna Rix. Julie VogelDepartment: ChemistryAdvisor: Dr. Joseph ProvostAbstract: The Metabolon Theory illustrates that enzymes in theTCA cycle aggregate to form Metabolons in the MitochondrialMatrix. The reason for this is the high protein concentration inthe matrix. This leads to better substrate channeling andhigher rates of product formation, Our aim was to determinethe specific interactions between Malate Dehydrogenase andCitrate Synthase using affinity chromatography. CitrateSynthase was covalently bound to a CN-Br Agarose column.The column was developed with cytosolic and mitochondrialMalate Dehydrogenase. These interactions under variousadditions of selected metabolites were also determined.These physical interactions were determined by measuring theenzyme activity of Malate Dehydrogenase in the fractionationsamples of the column.

120Title: Positive & Practical Affects of Theatre for Anyone’sEveryday LifePresenter(s): Emily WendellDepartment: Speech & TheatreAdvisor: Dr. Theresa CarsonAbstract: A quick little look at the fun and useful ways thetheater can have an affect on anyone. You’ll see how not onlygoing to the theater, but also involvement in the theater, can bea positive experience. We’ll talk, listen, goof around, and mostof all have a great time.

121Title: Mao’s Great Famine: Causes and ConsequencesPresenter(s): Sarah PhillipsDepartment: HistoryAdvisor: Dr. Henry ChanAbstract: China has traditionally suffered from a cycle offamine and drought due to flooding of rivers and other naturaldisasters. The famine that occurred in the 1950’s wasdramatically different from all those that had preceded itbecause this famine was largely man made. It affected theentire nation, from the capital city of Beijing to the smallestvillage and had the highest death toll. It was the ideologicalviews and political polices of one man, Mao Zedong. which arelargely responsible for this event. This however is a verysimplistic view of the causes of a complex problem. I hope toshow that there were a number of diverse causes and alsohighlight the resulting consequences of this event; both forMao Zedong himself, the government of the People’s Republicof China and the nation as a whole.

122Title: South of the Clouds: Experiences in Yunnan, ChinaSpring 2000Presenter(s): Sarah PhillipsDepartment: East Asian StudiesAdvisor: Dr. Jenny LinAbstract: “I want to go to China to see the panda bears andtemples. I wrote this caption on a drawing I did in the secondgrade. In the spring of 2000 my long-held dream was about tocome true. This slide presentation and discussion willhighlight my adventures both on my three-month study abroadtrip through the School for International Training, and myexperiences working as an English teacher at an orphanageschool for the duration of my stay. The focus of my study abroadtrip, and the focus of my discussion, will be the immensediversity of people and cultures present in Yunnan province andthroughout China as a whole.

123Title: International Law and Genocide: A Historical PerspectivePresenter(s): Sarah PhillipsDepartment: HistoryAdvisor: Dr. Dieter BerningerAbstract: The entering into force of the United NationsConvention on Genocide was a turning point in internationallaw. Many have argued that without the horrifying events ofWorld War II and the atrocities committed by Nazi Germany, thisevent would never have come to pass. I agree that the events ofthis time were a strong catalyst for wide spread support of thisConvention, I do not believe it was the sole cause for itspassage. The history of International Law has been one of anincreasingly important role in the world community. In thispaper I trace the historical, political and legal developmentsthat occurred prior to World War II which laid the foundation forthe passage of the UN Convention on Genocide. The legaljustification for prosecution of the crime of genocide is notsolely contained in this one UN document. Rather, it is a furtherdevelopment of International Law, which is informed andbased on what has occurred in the past.

124Title: Creative WritingPresenter(s): Jade KendallDepartment:Advisor:Abstract: Observing life and its Creator through prose andpoetry.

125Title: So You Want A TattooPresenter(s): Elizabeth Jacobs, Amy HeerenDepartment: Hendrix Health CenterAdvisor: Lynn PetersonAbstract: So You Want A Tattoo is an educational programdeveloped to provide information on; choosing the right artistand studio, safety measures, how to choose a design andbody location for the tattoo, and other considerations. Theprogram also includes information regarding tattoo removaland cover-ups.

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126Title: Embarrassability in Cultural Context: Difference BetweenU.S. and JapanPresenter(s): Fumi SuzukiDepartment: PsychologyAdvisor: Dr. Christine SmithAbstract: Embarrassment is one of the basic emotions thatpeople encounter in everyday life. A past study revealed thatindividual difference of interdependency and independency hasimpact on embarrassability of which definition is a personsgeneral susceptibility to embarrassment. An interdependentperson is more likely to have high embarrassability and vieversa. To the contrary to the fact that Asia is known as a cultureof interdependency, the past study also found that theindividual difference is a better predictor of embarrassabilitythan ethnocultural background between European Americansand Asian Americans. However, Asian Americans are usuallyexposed and influenced by American culture that emphasizesindependency. Thus, it was hypothesized in this study that pureAsians would be even more interdependent andembarrassable, and that Americans would be even moreindependent and less embarrassable. Participants wereAmerican students of European origin at MSUM and Japanesestudents at Oberin University, Japan. A revised version ofquestionnaires used by Singelis and Sharkey (1995) wereused, and they were consisted of three parts: SeIf-ConstrualScale, Embarrassability Scale, and short demographicquestions. The result partially supported the hypothesis.Americans were more independent and less embarrassable,and Japanese were less independent and moreembarrassable. However, there was not a big differencebetween interdependency.

127Title: Building the $10,000 Home StudioPresenter(s): Troy WeberDepartment: Music IndustryAdvisor: Dr. Michael MissirasAbstract: This paper will discuss the choices one would facewhen assembling the equipment needed for a powerful, PCbased audio recording studio. The focus will be on a facilitydesigned to record solo performers with maximum capabilitiesfor mixing and scalability through rental equipment orinterfacing with an existing professional facility. Categories ofequipment will be presented and explained with severaloptions listed, along with a specific recommendation based onthe authors personal experience building the studio describedabove.

Who does this paper address? Musicians and AudioEngineers will be the primary audience, though any multimedia producer may realize some benefit, Some of the tasksthat the proposed facility could accomplish: Composers whoneed a notation workstation along with the ability to directlyrealize their pieces, Songwriters and Producers who buildarrangements one part at a time, DJs and Dance MusicProducers who need the sonic impact of software synthesizersand the flexibility of computer sequencing, Audio Engineerswho might track instruments in another facility and then mix athome, Any one who want to own the whole studio andexperiment at their leisure.

The facility described here will be capable of recording at leasteight tracks simultaneously provide hardware and softwarebased effects processing for mix-down, facilitate masteringand CD-RW burning sufficient for professional use. While thispaper will focus on the PC computer most of the hardware andsimilar software is available for the Macintosh platform Thispaper will ignore studio construction and acoustics topics anarea too large to reasonable cover within this context.

128Title: Our Endangered Past: Preserving Cultural Heritagethrough ArchaeologyPresenter(s): Melissa Baltus, Kelsey Lowe, Brandy StearnsDepartment: Anthropology & Earth ScienceAdvisor: Dr. Michael MichlovicAbstract: Archaeology is a rich source of information oncultural heritage, however, archaeological sites are nonrenewable resources. Once destroyed, these sites are lostforever. Archaeological sites in the Red River Valley areendangered by urban renewal, flood control projects,agricultural development, and natural processes.

Two major archaeological sites in the Red River area illustratethe need to carefully manage historic resources endangeredby flood control and by urban renewal projects. One site is a500 year old Native American village, the second a European-American urban site; both are endangered by developmentprojects.

Archaeology is an integral part of responsible management ofthese cultural resources. It is important that information besalvaged from these sites, and others like them, througharchaeological research before they are destroyed and lostforever.

129Title: Archaeology of the Myers Site: 21 NR62Presenter(s): Theresa Barket, Elizabeth Melland, Shane ButlerDepartment: Anthropology & Earth ScienceAdvisor: Dr. Michael MichlovicAbstract: Archaeological site 21 NR62 is located on thenortheastern face of Frenchman’s Bluff in Norman County, MN,The site was discovered by a local resident who collectedartifacts from the area following local lore about FrenchmansBluff. The initial survey produced an historic artifact scattercentered on a rock feature, which was later identified as ahouse foundation. In the summer of 2000 a Minnesota StateUniversity Moorhead Archaeological field school did a testexcavation of the site consisting of ten units. Several categoriesof artifacts were recovered ranging from farm equipment todomestic debris. The foundation is an unrecorded residence,and the construction technique indicate that is was an earlysettler farmstead. The abandonment debris in the vicinity of thefeature dates from the 1930’s to about 1950, This site providesa base-line for future archaeological work on historic sites inthe northern Midwest and Plains.

131Title: U2 Saving Rock?Presenter(s): Paul SchaeferDepartment: MusicAdvisor: Dr. Eric HungAbstract: With the turn of the new year, the Irish rock band U2,has been heralded around the country on magazine covers,television programs and in interviews, as the saviors of rockand roll. While the band itself seems to be somewhatindifferent to these marketing strategies, we may still ask thequestion of how U2 has been able to gain such a lofty title?Furthermore, how is it that a group of four men pushing fortyyears of age, are able to compete in a world dominated by teenidols? The general commentary has been asking U2. abouttheir feelings of rivalry with the exploding phenomenon of “boy-bands” on the scene. One response of lead singer Bono is,“Pop tells you everything is OK,” when he is still convinced ofrock’s ability to, “be a force of change”(qtd. in Gundersen1 D-2D).

132Title: Empirical Formula of Soluble Metal-AmmoniaComplexesPresenter(s): Holly BeimdiekDepartment: ChemistryAdvisor: Dr. RA.B. MarasingheAbstract: Due to the relatively low formation constants andpresence of multiple chemical equilibria, the empirical formulaof soluble metal-ammonia complexes of the type M(NH3)xn÷can not readily be determined directly by standard methods.Metal-ammonia complexes are formed via a series ofreactions. The purpose of this work is to establish a generaltechnique to quantitatively determine the empirical formula ofcomplex ions of the type M(NH3)xn+ utilizing the stoichiometryof the multiple equilibria that exist in solutions containing Mn+ions and ammonia.

133Title: 1 Adrenergic Receptor ActivationPresenter(s): Rebecca Kuehn, Breann StoltzDepartment: Biology & ChemistryAdvisor: Dr. Joseph ProvostAbstract: The Sodium Hydrogen Exchanger (NHE) plays animportant role in maintaining osmolarity as well as pH in mostmammalian cells. Mitogen Activated Protein Kinase (MAPK)plays a vital role in the intermediate activation of the exchanger.Classically, MAPK is activated by growth factors, signals of cellstress, and various agonists. G Protein Coupled Receptors(GPCRs) are responsible for regulation of both MAPK and NHEactivity: however, the exact mechanism is not clear. The overallgoal of this study was to determine if al adrenergic receptoractivation by Phenylephrine (PE) results in the activation ofMAPK and NHE. Furthermore, this study focused on thedetermination of MAPK and NHE activation occurring through aProtein Kinase C (PKC) dependent pathway in ChineseHamster lung (CCL39) cells. In earlier studies, the use of theMAPK Kinase (MEKK) inhibitor, PD, blocked both MAPK andNHE activation., To further demonstrate this, the dominantnegative form of MEKK was over-expressed in the CCL39 cells,and tested for MAPK and NHE activation by PE, Upon addition

47

of PE, no stimulation of either MAPK or NHE occurred. Thisdemonstrates MAPK activation is required for the stimulation ofNHE, Next, to show PKC dependence in the PE activation ofMAPK and NHE, the use of the non-specific protein kinaseinhibitor, Staurosporine, as well as the PKC specific inhibitorsRO-31 -8220 and Bisindolylmaleimide I (BIM), were used.Incubation of cells with 0.1 mM Staurosporine, 0.1 mM RO-31-8220, or .1 mM BIM, each resulted in lowered phosphorylationlevels of MAPK after PE addition. This illustrates that PKC isneeded for the activation of MAPK and thus, NHE. Collectively,this study indicates al adrenergic receptor activation byPhenylephrine (PE) activates MAPK and NHE, through a PKCdependent pathway.

134Title: A Study of Attitudes in an Adult Stutterer: Beliefs, Anxiety,and BehaviorPresenter(s): Karen Bauer

Christina LawyerDepartment: Speech/Language/Hearing SciencesAdvisor: Dr. Louis DeMaioAbstract: We plan to submit a senior project focused on theattitudes of an adult stutterer. As a method of narrowing ourresearch, we have decided to study the following threesubcategories: beliefs, anxiety, and behavior. We chose toadminister three assessments (questionnaires) becausenone of the aforementioned assessments are in any waycomprehensive. We are confident that we will be able tosuccessfully tie all of our information into one focused projecton the attitudes of an adult stutterer. We will administer thefollowing tests: Erickson’s S-Scale, and two portions ofBrutten’s SSC dealing with anxiety and behavior. An individualwho stutters has granted us permission to observe and collectdata regarding her attitudes toward disfluent speech.

135Title: Drug Rehabilitation Center StudyPresenter(s): Jeremy Johnson

j Department: EconomicsAdvisof: Dr. Oscar FloresAbstract: (No abstract submitted)

136Title: Last Call: Is the Fargo/Moorhead Restaurant Industry tooSaturatedPresenter(s): Toby ChristiansonDepartment: EconomicsAdvisor: Dr. Oscar FloresAbstract: (No abstract submitted)

137Title: Derivation of NHL Attendance

ij Presenter(s): Bryan BrendenDepartment: EconomicsAdvisor: Dr. Oscar FloresAbstract: (No abstract submthed)

138Title: Translating Friel’s Historical ApproachPresenter(s): Kristin GaraasDepartment: EnglishAdvisor: Dr. Sandra PearceAbstract: (No abstract submitted)

139Title: Cathleen Ni Houlihan and Riders to the Sea: BlendingNationalistic Sympathies with Artistic VisionsPresenter(s): Dean HulseDepartment: EnglishAdvisor: Dr. Sandra PearceAbstract: Passion possesses a wardrobe rather than a singleensemble. For the political zealot whose goal it is to conscribe,propaganda is the likely garment of choice. But for the artist, itis the flowing fabric of limitless imagination that feels best. Asthe nineteenth century folded into the twentieth, the greencolors of Irish politics and Irish literary culture clashed. Irishnationalists expected literature stitched with patriotism andrevolutionary fury, but prominent Irish writers were inspired tosew their verse and prose so that threads of knowledge couldform new patterns of thought, but not necessarily with anationalistic hue.

140Title: Lady Gregory’s Contributions to the Irish CulturalRenaissancePresenter(s): Bob JansenDepartment: EnglishAdvisor: Dr. Sandra PearceAbstract: My presentation will illustrate how Lady Gregory,through the great number of plays she wrote and hercontributions to other playwrights and their works, along withher personal resources, her self-developed and nurtured spiritof cultural nationalism, and her personal passion to promotethe dignity of Ireland, was the glue that held together themovement to establish the Irish National Theatre and theresulting Irish cultural revival and renaissance. Particularlyimportant and inspiring examples of Lady Gregory’scontributions are two plays: Rising of the Moon and CathleenNi Houlihan. Both featured strong symbolic imagery thatencouraged politically nationalistic sentiments.

141Title: African Higher Education SystemPresenter(s): Michael RedlingerDepartment: Political ScienceAdvisor: Dr. Andrew ContehAbstract: The decolonized African continent has impactedjost secondary educational opportunties for African andinternational students alike. The new challenge for the Africanuniversity lies in adapting and evolving to better meet the socialand cultural needs of African communities. Bureaucraticcolonial models of higher education offer little in the way ofameliorating African ills, and a new approach is needed, TheAmerican land grant model of post secondary education will beevaluated as a possible solvency mechanism to Africa’s highereducation woes.

142Title: Similarities in the Lives and Art of Emily Dickinson andVincent Van Goghpresenter(s): Adam BursackDepartment: EnglishAdvisor: Dr. ChallakereAbstract: (No abstract submitted)

143Title: Cognitive Defects Associated with Closed Head Injurypresenter(s): Sara McCaslin, Tone PostDepartment: Speech/Language/Hearing SciencesAdvisor: Dr. Louis DeMaioAbstract: The main focus of our project is memory. Recallversus recognition and the amount of cognitive effort neededfor memory. Advantages and limitations of cognitive aids formemory rehabilitation such as diaries, appointment calendars,and car and key finders, will be discussed.

The second part of our Senior Project involves administeringthe Scales of Cognitive Ability for Traumatic Brain Injury(SCATBI), written by Brenda Adamovich and JenniferHenderson, to a former client of the Minnesota State UniversityMoorhead Speech and Language Clinic. We will compare theresults of this test with the test taken when the client firstreceived therapy.

144Title: The Tritone Paradox: Confidence Ratings amongSwedish Bilingual ListenersPresenter(s): Fredrik LeinfeltDepartment: PsychologyAdvisor: Dr. Magdalene ChalikiaAbstract: The tritone paradox, as described by Deutch (1986,1987), consists of two tones that are separated from eachother by a half-octave. The tones are presented to the listenersuccessively, and the listener decides whether or not thesecond tone in the pair is perceived as ascending ordescending. Each tone consists of six octave-relatedharmonics whose amplitudes are determined by a spectralenvelope. Due to the nature of the half-octave, differentlisteners can perceive the same pair as descending orascending.The present study examined how confidentSwedish participants were when making the ascending ordescending judgement on the presented stimuli.

145Title: Social Work Practice with a Refugee

Presenter(s): Tammie YakDepartment: Social WorkAdvisor:Abstract: The composition of the Fargo-Moorhead communityhas changed within the last ten years. According to statisticsprovided by Lutheran Social Services, there has been a largeincrease in both the numbers of refugees coming into this areaand the different ethnic backgrounds from which they come.Social workers providing services for diverse populations facemany challenges. In order to better serve refugee families,knowledge of their issues, concerns, and differences are amust for practitioners.

146Title: Happiness: Prohibited; Impenetrable Barriers in Friel’sTranslationsPresenter(s): Dave ChristensenDepartment: EnglishAdvisor: Dr. Sandra PearceAbstract: Boundaries, in our minds, are the sorts of thingsmade to be crossed: limits are nothing more than goals weintend to surpass. Ideally, none of us is held back from whatwe have the potential to achieve, and thus, we confidently setout to do what we will do. The characters of Brian Friel’sTranslations, though, face impenetrable boundaries thatinevitably stifle the achievement of goals. Barriers existdramatically for the characters Manus, Sarah, Yolland andMarie. These impenetrable boundaries ultimately destroy thehope for successful happiness for each of these characters,

147Title: The Suppression of Hope: Irish Anti-Nationalist Themesin W.B. Yeats Cathleen Ni HoulihanPresenter(s): Melissa TroutDepartment: EnglishAdvisor: Dr. Sandra PearceAbstract: Ireland’s nationalistic cause became a prominenttheme for several writers in the nineteenth century. In hiswriting, Yeats articulated Irish life quite literally, withoutcontinuously including a resounding theme of nationalism, andwas loyal to the artistic visions of his day rather than politicalissues. His literary autonomy is demonstrated in Cathleen NiHoulihan. Yeats depicted a future of hope and a life of promisefor Michael in his decision to marry Delia; when he choosesinstead to join the nationalistic cause, he abandons all ofthese bright expectations for an uncertain fate. Therefore,Yeats’ play Cathleen Ni Houlihan has anti-nationalistic tones,for the author does not glorify the purpose of the war andinstead emphasizes personal sacrifice and tragedy.

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