FEED RESOURCES FOR GOAT

By: Yoyong M. Lorono

I. COMMON FORAGE

GRASSESS,LEGUMES AND

OTHER CROPS

1. Arachis pentoi ( Mani-mani)

Leaves used as feeds

CP= 19.50% CF= 55%

2. Leucaena leucocephalia ( Ipil-ipil)

CP=24% CA= 1.87% P= 0.27%

3. Desmodium cineria ( Rensonii)

Foliage cut for stock feed or used as

nitrogen-rich mulch

CP= 17.36% CA= 0.62% P= 0.27%

4. Gliricidia sepium (Madre de cacao)

Commonly used to supplement poor quality,

low protein roughage especially in dry season

CP= 28% CA= 0.4% P= 0.4%

5. Indigopera anil ( Indigofera)

Leaves used as feeds

CP= 26.13% CA= 2.5% P= 0.34%

6. Trichantera gigantea (Nacedero or madre de

agua)

Leaves used as feeds

CP= 20.35% CA= 5.0% P= 0.41%

7. Manihot esculenta ( cassava)

Leaves used as feeds

CP=28% CA= 0.9% P=

0.4%

8. Sesbania sesban ( Katuray)

The leaves and young twigs are used as

fodder for ruminants

CP= 28% CA= 4.5% P= 0.2%

9. Sesbania gradiflora ( Gawai-gawai)

The leaves and fruits are used as forage

and green manure

CP= 24% CA= 1.3% P= 0.2%

10.Flemengia

Maenophylla

(Flemengia)

CP= 21.62% CA= 0.5%

P= 0.2%

11. Musa sapienteem ( Banana) Leaves used as feeds CP= 14% CA= 0.6% P= 0.3%

12. Cajanus Cajan ( Pigeon pea or kadyos) Flavor seeds are eaten both as fresh shell beans and as dry beans CP= 25.10% CA= 1.11% P= 0.28%

13. Samanea Saman ( Raintree)

Leaves used as feeds

CP= 28% CA= 1.11% P=0.1%

14. Albizia falcata ( Falcata)

Leaves used as feeds

CP= 22% CA= 0.8% P= 0.2%

15. Arto Carpus Heterophy clus ( Nangka) CP= 17% CA=2% P= 0.1%

16. Saccharum officionarum (Sugar cane)

The cane tops, bagasses are all major

feed resources

CP= 11% CA= 0.4% P= 0.2%

17. Panicum maximum cv mombasa

Mombasa guinea grass is a tall grass

similar to hybrid napier grass

CP= 8-12% in Thailand in poor soil

=12-14% on better

Yield= 20 and 40 tons/ha/Year dry matter

Cutting Interval= 45 Days

18. Mulato Grass (Branchiaria Ruziziensis)

A premium forage non GMO hybrid of the

brachiaria family

CP= 10-14% in Thailand on poor soils

Yield= 25 tons/HA/ Year dry matter in

Tabasco Mexico

19. Pakchong- A super napier from Thailand

CP=16-18% one (1) hectare is capatsle to

produce 500,000 kg/year

Note: Mulato II is a triple cross of ( B.

Ruziziensis B. Decumbens B. Brizantha)

2.OTHER FARM PRODUCTS

AND BY- PRODUCTS

1. RICE STRAW 2. CORN STOVER 3. PEANUT HAY

. CP= 6.6% CP= 10.8%

4. CORN GRAIN 5.CORN SILAGE 6. SPENT GRAIN CP= 9.4% CP= 8.8% CP= 15%

7. PINEAPPLE PULP 8. BANANA PEELING

CP=3.75%

3. PRESKONG ABOT SA

KUMPAY

( TONELADA/ EKTARYA) (MALAYBALAY STOCK FARM,

DALWANGAN, MALAYBALAY CITY)

1. Kennedy Rusi- B. Ruziziensis= 72.51

2. Setaria- Setaria sphacelata= 79.46

3. Guinea Grass- Panicum maximum= 104.72

4. Napier Grass- Pennisetum purpureum=135.57

5. Star Grass- Cynodonplectus tachyus= 56.23

6. Para Grass- Branchiaria mutica= 53.23

7. Signal Grass- B. Decumbens= 100.08

Ⅰ. SAGBOT

II. LEGUMES

1. Schofield Stylo

-Stylosanthes guianensis= 24.31

2. Centrosema

-Centrosema pubescens= 28.63

3. Siratro

-Mactroptilium atropurpureum= 6.50

A) How do you prepare land for forage garden production?

Thorough land preparation

Pulverized soil

Introduction of microorganism

4.FORAGEESTABLISHMENT

FORAGE ESTABLISHMENT

B) How do you prepare a good seedlings?

Prepare growth media by mixing fine sand

1 part, organic fertilizer 1 part and coco coir dust 1 part (1:1:1) ratio or garden soil 2 parts, organic fertilizer 1 part and carbonized rice hull 1 part (2:1:1) ratio

FORAGE ESTABLISHMENT

C) What are the procedure in planting various grasses and legumes?

Planting (Direct planting) using cuttings, root stocks, seedling or seeds

Staking using plastic

Establish distancing/ spacing

FORAGE ESTABLISHMENT

Holing

Basal application of organic fertilizer

Spraying concoction ( IMO, OHN)

Transplanting from seed bed/ seed box

FORAGE ESTABLISHMENT

D) Various species, characteristics, and adaptation

GRAZING DUAL CUT AND CARRY

Low growing Erect specie Tree/ shrubs

Stoloniferous ( Ex. Arachis Pintoi)

Stylosanthes guianensis

Twining species ( Ex. Centrosema pubescens)

Ex. Ipil-ipil

Twining specie mixed w/ tall grasses (Ex. Centrosema pubescens)

FORAGE ESTABLISHMENT

E) What makes forages grow?

To grow they need three essential factors:

Light

Nutrients

Water

FORAGE ESTABLISHMENT

Light- Shades tolerance means persistency not productivity

Nutrients- For plants growth are supplies by the soil

• Forage usually grown on poor soils. The response to applying organic fertilizer is usually good.

Water- No water means no growth

• If water is limiting, plant stop growing

• Drought tolerance does not mean growth

• Drought tolerance means survival not productivity

FORAGE ESTABLISHMENT

F) Adaptation of forage to climate and soils why is it important?

No forage species grow well every where. However, some species have broaden adaptation to soils and climate than others.

ADAPTATION OF FORAGE

Climate (Rainfall and length of dry season)

Soil fertility

Soil acidity

Drainage

Important soil and climate factors to be considered when selecting species

5. HARVESTING GRASSES AND LEGUMES

Grasses are usually harvested 3-4 months from time of planting

Legumes usually requires longer periods from 4 months to one year

Cutting interval will vary from 30 days, 45 days, and 90 days for legumes

FORAGE HARVESTING

Forage type Cutting height (cm)

Example

Low growing species

5-10 B. Humidicola arachis pintoi

Erect legumes 20-30 Stylo

Intermediate grasses

10-20 Signal grass

Tall grasses 20-30 Napier grass

Tree legumes 50-100 Ipil-ipil

CUTTING HEIGHT OF FORAGE

FEED REQUIREMENT FOR GOAT Note: 1. Dairy goat needs more forage 2. Convert dry matter weight into fresh/ dry matter = 5kg fresh per kilogram dry matter

BLOOD LINE

LIVE WEIG

HT

DRY MATTER REQUIREMENT OF

BODY WEIGHT (4-7%)

DM FRESH

1- Boer goat

50kg 5% 2.5kg 12.5kg

2-Anglo-nubian

40kg 5% 2kg 10kg

3-Graded 30kg 4% 1.2kg 6kg

4-Saanen 40kg 7kg 2.8kg 14kg

What are the basic ingredients for feed material?

Carbohydrates (Corn rice, rice bran)

Protein ( Fish meal)

Lipids (Copra meal)

Vitamins and minerals

FEED SUPPLEMENTS FOR RUMINANTS

1. UMMB ( Urea Molasses Mineral Block)

Procedure:

• Dissolve 1kg Urea with half liter water

• Add salt 0.5kg

• Add cement 1kg

• Add molasses 3kg

• Add slowly corn bran 4kg

• Put into the container (plastic)

• Wait for 3-7 days and ready to use

FEED SUPPLEMENT FOR GOAT

2. SALT LICK

• 1kg 5% molasses

• Add 5% salt of 1kg molasses

• Put into bamboo with two (2) nodes and cover

• Ferment for 3 Days