By: Samantha Tagle

BALINESE MUSIC COMPARED TO THE COMPOSER: BELA BARTOK

Population: 3,151,000

Highest Elevation in Bali is Mount Agung which is 3,000 meters above sea level.

Bali is a very fertile for agricultural crop region because of its rainfall.

Landmass: 5, 532 km(2)

Natural Resources: Rice, Coffee, Wood

GEOGRAPHICAL INFLUENCES

Balinese: 89%

Javanese: 7%

Baliaga:1%

Madurese: 1%

Balinese and Indonesian are the main languages that are spoken in Bali, while English is a common third language.

ETHNICITIES

Balinese Hinduism 93. 18%

Islam 4.79%

Christianity 1.38%

Buddhism 0.64%

REGION

Bali is famous for their different forms of art which include paintings, sculptures,

woodcarvings, handcrafts, and performing arts.A series of ceremonies and rituals called Manusa

yadnya is performed for each stage of life.Death and cremation is usually the biggest ceremony. The cremation ceremonies are

colorful, exciting and loud. They require a lot of preparation which can take years after the death. In the mean time the body is temporarily burried.

CULTURE

Gamelan: Name of a Balinese orchestra and a type of instrument.

Completely percussion

Idiom: Folk/ Dance

Music used for religious rituals

TRADITIONAL BALINESE MUSIC

15-20 players- no conductor Heterophony- layers of main melody played

at the same time Complicated web of sound Four groups called Keteg

Gongs of different sizes mark cycles of music-Gongan

Lower pitch- longer note values Melodic line called Balungan

Solo instruments played very fast

GAMELAN ORCHESTRA

http://youtu.be/BmlAZxha8Pw

Gamelan

Gongs

Wood xylophones

Cymbals

Flutes

Drums

Bamboo Flutes

INSTRUMENTS

Gong Wadon: The largest Balinese Gong (Bass)

Gong Lanang: Slight higher pitch than the Wadon

Kempur: Mid points in the metric cycle

Klintong: High pitched played with a hard mallet

for a piercing song

GONGS

Gambang: a pair of two xylophones played with

double mallets

Gamelan Joged Bumbang: 10 bar xylophone with bars

suspended in a wooden frame- played with rubber

headed mallets

BAMBOO XYLOPHONES

Suling Bali: End Blown bamboo flute which plays

the scales

Played with a circular breathing technique

FLUTES

March 25, 1881- September 26,1945

Greatest Hungarian composer

Grew up in the Greater Hungary of the Austro-

Hungarian Empire

Spent early years of childhood away from other children

because he had smallpox. This is when he spent most of his

time listening to his mom play

BELA BARTOK

Lived in poverty

Became sick with leukemia

The ASCAP (American Society for Composer, Authors, and Publishers) helped Bartok get better treatment

Died on September 26, 1945 in a New york hospital with his wife and son holding each hand

BELA BARTOK CONTINUED

Taught himself composition by reading scores 

Interested in other folk tradition music

Went to Pozsony Acadamy and after he graduated he started his career as a concert pianist.

Studied folk music of many different coutries

Wanted to analyze major portions of the world's folk music

STUDIES

As a teenager, Bartok wrote chamber music in the style of Brahms under the influence of composer Erno Dohnanyi.

Influenced by Richard Strauss's perfomance of Also Sprach Zarathrustra

Bartok then combined his passion for Strauss with his Hungarian nationalism and produced Kossuth, his first

major work.

Influenced by folk music from around the world

INFLUENCES

Became a music instructor at the Budapest Academy in 1907

Did this for over 25 years

Performed in 630 concerts in 22 countries

Composed Concerto for Orchestra which Bartok's most popular piece

PROMINENT WORKS

motoristic rhythms- irregular meters and off beat accents

-textures- homophonic

harmony is result of contrapuntal movement- out of character of the melodies

polymodality

 The music if Bali inspired Bela Bartok's No. 109 piece "From the Island of Bali"

Octatonic- combining 2 four note units

chromatic

polymodality- combining if different modes using same tonic

C# -ding/ dIng D - dong/dOngE - deng/dEng G#- dung/dUng A - dang/dAng

MUSIC STYLE

http://youtu.be/_BKKl25hWnE

Binary Form

Begins soft then progresses to faster tempo

6/8 time then transitions to 4/4

Both hands move up octave then back down with sforzando

Sustained base with contrapunal movements

Octatonic Scales

Diminished fifth- atonal sound of Balinese music

Alternating hands- complex nature

ANALYSIS

http://www.musicatschool.co.uk

http://www.bbc.co.uk

http://www.helloindonesia.com

http://www.cia.gov

http://www.thebalitoday.com

http://www.idsirtii.or.id

www.indo.com

www.youtube.com

http://uua.org/uuhs/duup/articles/belabartok

 

WORKS CITED