by prof. jack williams visiting professor, department of geography national taiwan university,...
TRANSCRIPT
by Prof. Jack WilliamsVisiting Professor, Department of Geography
National Taiwan University, R.O.C.Professor Emeritus, Department of Geography
Michigan State University, U.S.A
Taiwan’s Environmental
Struggle (I) Toward a Green Silicon Island
Unless noted, the course materials are licensed under Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 2.5 Taiwan (CC BY-NC-SA 2.5)
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Taiwan’s Environmental Struggle
Toward a Green Silicon IslandJack F. Williams
Michigan State University
&
Ch’ang-yi David Chang National Taiwan University
Routledge Publishers, UK: 2008
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Other Outside Perspectives on
Taiwan’s Environment and Quality of Life
The EPI
The Economist
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Environmental Performance Index (EPI)See: www.yale.edu/epi
149 countries measured by 25 indicators in 6 policy categories:
(1) Environmental Health(2) Air Quality(3) Water Resources(4) Biodiversity and Habitat(5) Productive Natural Resources(6) Climate Change
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EPI for 2008
Country Score Rank
Switzerland 95.5 1
Japan 84.5 21
USA 81.0 39
TAIWAN 80.8 40
South Korea 79.4 51
(Hong Kong) ? ?
China 65.1 105
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Most Liveable Cities2009 Ranking by Economist Intelligence Unit (Economist
magazine):
140 cities around the world ranked, 0-100 (best).
30 qualitative and quantitative factors in 5 categories (stability, healthcare, culture and environment, education and infrastructure).
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2009 City Ranking
Vancouver, BC 1Tokyo 19Hong Kong 39TAIPEI 62Beijing 76Shanghai 85Guangzhou 89
(Remark) Other top 20 ALL in Europe, Canada, Australia/NZ (none in USA)
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Major Influences on Environmental Quality in
Taiwan
Geography Economy Politics Ethnicity
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Role of Geography in Taiwan
Mountainous topography, steep slopes
Youthful geology/instability
Frequent natural disasters (typhoons, heavy rains, earthquakes)
High population density
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A Rugged Island
<100m = 29.1% 100~1000m = 31.8% >1000m = 39.1%
Wiki Ksiom
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More than 200 peaks >3000 m.
Wiki OrioncityCloud Ocean Taiwan Big Snow Mountain
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Annual
Precipitation
2.500mm
2.5 times the world average
A Wet Island
Annual Isohyetal Map of Taiwan Percipitation
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The Problem With Water
Highly erosive Unevenly distributed Highly seasonal Easily polluted Difficult to clean up
But we cannot live without it!
Flicker Issac Alshihabi
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Rivers are short and steep inTaiwan with large runoff (hydrography)
differences in wet and dry seasons.
A Short, Steep & Fast
Runoff
Annual Runoff of Taiwan
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Steep Slopes +
Fast Moving Water
TroubleFlickr 黃基峰
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Landslide Capital of the World
Bedrock landslide on cross-island highway, Central Range, Taiwan
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Flickr Mooi
Wiki Yiken
Landslide on the New Central Cross-Island
Highway between Sinyi and Tataka.
Massive mud caused by landslide on a roadway outside the northeastern port of Keelung, Taiwan, Tuesday, April 27, 2010
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Disaster Hotspot
World Bank (2005): Taiwan is one of the most vulnerable places on earth for natural hazards.
Rare combination of high rates of uplift, weak rocks, steep slopes, frequent earthquakes, and extreme rainfall events.
Taiwan: a disaster waiting to happen. No year passes without at least one serious
disaster.
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Typhoon Morakot (Aug. 2009)Too Much Water Too Fast
Track map of Typhoon Morakot (Kiko) of the 2009 Pacific typhoon season. The points show the location of the storm at 6-hour intervals.
This image shows the center of the storm coming ashore over China. Morakot exhibits a loose spiral shape without the distinctive bands of clouds or eye evident in stronger storms.
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Lasting Image of Taiwan’s Vulnerability
Flickr Paul Hu
Flickr Max Chang
Formosa Community 愛心滿天下
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Taimali’s Beauty before Morakot Devastation
Flickr FrankZoe
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Taimali – During & After Morakot
Flickr JohnathanC000
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Flickr JohnathanC000
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CopyrightsWork License Author/Source
NASA (Chicago at night)http://eol.jsc.nasa.gov/scripts/sseop/photo.pl?mission=ISS007&roll=E&frame=165252011/09/26 visited
Wiki Davoddhttp://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Taiwan_map.gif2011/09/26 visited
Wiki Heinz Lohmann http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:TAIWAN_Karte_Gross.jpg2011/09/26 visited
Wiki Ksiomhttp://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Taiwan_relief_location_map.png2011/09/26 visited
Wiki Orioncityhttp://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Cloud_Ocean_Taiwan_Big_Snow_Mountain.JPG2011/09/26 visited
This work is from Water Source Agency, MOEA, ROC http://www.wra.gov.tw/public/Data/gh022_p1.htmand subject to the fair use doctrine of the Taiwan Copyright Act Article 50 by GET
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CopyrightsWork License Author/Source
Flickr Issac Alshihabihttp://www.flickr.com/photos/rithim/19941810/2011/09/28 visited
This work is from Water Source Agency, MOEA, ROC http://www.wra.gov.tw/public/Data/gh022_p2.htm and subject to the fair use doctrine of the Taiwan Copyright Act Article 50 by GET
Flickr 黃基峰http://www.flickr.com/photos/goldentime/3217955050/2011/09/28 visited
Wiki Cstarknyc http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Taiwan_centralrange_landslide1.jpg2011/09/28 visited
Flickr Mooihttp://www.flickr.com/photos/mooitw/4557123309/2011/09/28 visited
Wiki Yikenhttp://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Damaged_road_in_Yushan_National_Park.jpg/2011/09/28 visited
Wiki Cyclonebiskit (NASA)http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Morakat_2009_track.png2011/09/28 visited
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CopyrightsWork License Author/Source
Wiki NASAhttp://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Morakot_aug_9_2009.jpg2011/09/28 visited
NASA GES DISChttp://disc.sci.gsfc.nasa.gov/gesNews/typhoon_morakot2011/09/28 visited
This work is from Environmental Protection Administration, Executive Yuan, ROC http://unfccc.epa.gov.tw/unfccc/english...... and subject to the fair use doctrine of the Taiwan Copyright Act Article 50 by GET
Formosa Community 愛心滿天下 http://sixstar.cca.gov.tw/blog/yltsh930307/myBlogArticleAction.do?method=doListArticleByPk&articleId=26502011/09/28 visited
Flickr Paul Huhttp://www.flickr.com/photos/paulhu/3823572129/in/photostream//2011/09/28 visited
Flickr Max Changhttp://www.flickr.com/photos/max_chang/3810643805/2011/09/28 visited
Flickr FrankZoehttp://www.flickr.com/photos/frankzoe/25968249892011/09/28 visited
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Flickr JohnathanC000http://www.flickr.com/photos/jcphotos/3815348958/2011/09/28 visited
Flickr JohnathanC000http://www.flickr.com/photos/jcphotos/3814539451/2011/09/28 visited